Laying the Foundation for 5G Cisco Knowledge Network. Tom Anderson Principal Engineer November 3, 2015

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1 Laying the Foundation for 5G Cisco Knowledge Network Tom Anderson Principal Engineer November 3, 2015

Outline 5G Why is it needed? What is it? When is it?

architecture Low cost, neutral host, wideband access

range of use cases/ verticals & business models Core

Evolution Information Centric Networking New model for

2 Outline 5G Why is it needed? What is it? When is it? Review of 5G Technologies 5G RAN Evolution CRAN architecture Low cost, neutral host, wideband access points 5G Core Evolution Network slicing to support wide range of use cases/ verticals & business models Core evolution including Control/User plane split 5G Internet Evolution Information Centric Networking New model for modern internet usage based on optimized mobility, security and storage 2

3 5G Why is it needed? What is it? When is it? 3

4 So Why Another G? 1980s 1G Analog Voice 1990s 2G Digital >Voice Capacity 2000s 3G CDMA2000, WCDMA Voice & Data Research Stds 2010s 4G LTE/LTE-A Video & Broadband Data 2020s 5G?? EU: FP 7 METIS US: NSF FIA Growth: new devices, diverse applications and usage models, more traffic One generation / decade since mid-80s; clearly defined use cases market demand transition for voice centricity to data centricity >2020 needs to be more than greater data capacity and coverage NSF FIA Next Phase Horizon 2020 / 5G PPP 2019 ITU: IMT Vision Requirements Proposals Specs 2020 NGNM: Rqts Tech Drivers, Use Cases. Demos, Trials 3GPP Standards: Release 14 / Market Olympics 2018 Korea Olympics 2020 Japan Despite the market hype, the industry is in the early stages of defining 5G 4

5 The 5G Drivers When won t 4G be enough? Exabytes per Month 5G will become a market reality when 4G can no longer economically support the applications and use cases the market demands 5 Source: Cisco VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast,

evaluation process Standards organizations worked towards including technologies and features to meet these requirements and

6 What is 5G? When is 5G? ITU defined processes for 3G (IMT-2000) and 4G (IMT-Advanced) Performance requirements Evaluation criteria Submission and evaluation process Standards organizations worked towards including technologies and features to meet these requirements and sent in proposals to ITU Ultimately, the operators decided what was marketed as 3G and 4G Expect the same to occur for 5G based on IMT-2020 ITU defines IMT-2020 requirements for 5G, but 5G marketing will be determined by the operators 6

7 5G Technologies Will be part of 5G RAN Technology Description Target Benefits Millimeter-wave technology GHz bands for short range access More capacity, higher data rates Massive MIMO Interference management and cancellation Many antenna elements (>16) in active array Greater spectral efficiency è more capacity, higher data rates (mainly low mobility) New Waveforms Advanced Multi-carrier & Non-orthogonal Tx Spect. Eff., reduced signaling, spectrum sharing Shared Spectrum Access Authorized Shared Access Spectrum Opportunistic use of spectrum Advanced Inter-node Communication Coord. scheduling/bf, Joint Tx/Rx, DPS Greater average & cell edge Spectral Efficiency Multi-RAT Integration LAA-LTE, LTE-U, LWA, Aggregation thru MP-TCP Greater Spectral Efficiency, higher peak rates Already happening in 4G but laying the foundation for 5G Truly innovative 5G internet concept Ultra Wideband Radios Radios that span multiple bands Flexible spectrum utilization; multi-operator Centralized-RAN/Cloud-RAN (C-RAN) Move BTS L1-3 processing functions to cloud. Lower OPEX, potential for neutral host solutions, Potentially reshape RAN ecosystem. Device to Device (D2D) Direct communication between cellular devices Reduced latency, reduced BH requirements SON & RAN Aware Policy Management Closed loop network automation/optimization Reduced OPEX, more capacity, improved QoE Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Decouples network functions from underlying HW Software Defined Networking (SDN) Provides programmable network and a centralized, end-to-end view of services Reduces cost, increases business agility, and accelerates time to market of new services Rapid service provisioning, network flexibility, lower CAPEX/OPEX Mobile Edge Computing Providing storage & compute at network edge Reduced latency, reduced BH Network Slicing Information-Centric Networking Named-Data-Networking (NDN) Content-Centric Networking (CCN) Network flexibility to support multiple logical network partitions to support wide range of use cases New communication model for internet designed for information delivery rather than data transport; Opt. Mobility, Security, Storage Network flexibility, cost, QoE Simple, Fast, efficient, secure, authorized retrieval of information and content Many evolved 4G technologies paving the way for 5G. Cisco leading the internet evolution to ICN. 7

8 5G RAN Evolution CRAN architecture Low cost, neutral host, wideband access points 8

9 5G Radio Access Technologies (RATs) New RATs considered for IoT 3GPP based enhancements - LTE-M, Cellular IoT (CIoT) Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) Sigfox, LoRa, OnRamp, etc. New RAT for mmwave Makes sense to look at new RAT for nomadic use Should be optimized to take advantage of Massive MIMO New RAT for Better Broadband Access? Advanced multi-carrier or non-orthogonal transmission being discussed, but What are the advantages over LTE-Adv evolution? 5G will support multiple RATs: likely new RATS for IoT & mmwave, LTE-Adv evolution for Better Broadband Access 9

Vision for 5G RAN Core Network Fully virtualized EPC, IMS,

Controller LTE LTE enb LTE enb RF enb TP Centralized and

beneficial (likely MAC and above) Support load balancing of RAN

Leverage intelligence in information now made centrally available

wideband RF covering multiple operators licensed bands

10 Vision for 5G RAN Core Network Fully virtualized EPC, IMS, Gi-LAN, etc. Controller LTE LTE enb LTE enb RF enb TP Centralized and virtualized as much of the RAN as practically and economically beneficial (likely MAC and above) Support load balancing of RAN processing to scale with # of users, flows, applications, etc. Leverage intelligence in information now made centrally available through SON to provide improved QoE Small Cells focused Very wideband RF covering multiple operators licensed bands (multi-tenant) Simple, low cost, commoditized RF heads 5G RAN vision: CRAN architecture with low cost, neutral host, wideband RF + PHY access points 10

11 5G Core Evolution Enhanced core network to support wide range of use cases, verticals and business models 11

5G Architecture Vision Access Agnostic CP / UP split Source: NGMN 5G White paper February 2015

12 5G Architecture Vision Access Agnostic CP / UP split Source: NGMN 5G White paper February G must flexibly support certain RATS for certain applications with certain network functions 12

Network Slicing Source: NGMN 5G White paper, February 2015 3GPP Dedicated Core networks (Décor) a potential enabler for network slicing Décor feature enables an operator to deploy multiple logical

13 Network Slicing Source: NGMN 5G White paper, February GPP Dedicated Core networks (Décor) a potential enabler for network slicing Décor feature enables an operator to deploy multiple logical mobile core networks connected to the same RAN Network slicing use cases which only differ in terms of the required CN configuration could be realized by the Décor feature (i.e. via multiple dedicated CNs) Cisco standards team contributed extensively to Rel-13 Décor work in 3GPP Cisco is a supporting company of the ongoing work on Rel-14 enhancements for Décor (aiming at enhanced isolation between different dedicated CNs). Industry still working to identify 5G use cases for network slicing Network slicing to provide flexibility to effectively/efficiently support various use case/verticals & business models 13

14 5G Internet Evolution Information Centric Networking New model for modern internet usage based on optimized mobility, security and storage 14

15 Future Network Challenges With New Emerging Technologies: IOT, unlicensed/wi-fi evolution How do we implement mobility across this diverse access environment? The complex mobility network infrastructure was created due to the need to preserve the session when devices moved from one IP address to another (IP address preservation). If we eliminate sessions can we eliminate this complexity and make mobility access agnostic? Huge traffic growth expected, driven by content/video consumption. How do we get content close to the edge (Current CDN technology seems insufficient) Can we cache content in the network in a distributed fashion to create an intrinsic, scalable content centric network? How do we deal with security and associated encryption issues while providing reasonable network management (HTTP 2.0)? Can we secure the content rather than the container (e.g. router, host) or the communication channel? How do we more effectively deploy broadcast and multicast services ubiquitously in face of today s cumbersome overlay methods? Can we make mobility more efficient by making it an intrinsic aspect of the network? ANSWER: YES -> We need to consider an Information Centric Network 15

Future-Internet architecture research New networking paradigm: Mobility eliminate need for special mobility

16 Information Centric Networking Providing a New Foundation for 5G Storage Overlay Security Overlay Mobility Overlay Mobile, Secured, IP Transport Storage Network A new model for modern Internet usage Builds on the latest Future-Internet architecture research New networking paradigm: Mobility eliminate need for special mobility overlays Security guarantee the integrity of every data object Storage dynamic placement of information anywhere in the network 16

Information Centric Networking Providing a New Foundation for 5G THREE MAJOR COMPONENTS CONTENT AS AN

network storage capabilities Supports multipath / multicast capabilities NAME BASED ROUTING A name could

Application identity no longer tied to IP address supporting mobility, multipath / multicast TRANSPORT

17 Information Centric Networking Providing a New Foundation for 5G THREE MAJOR COMPONENTS CONTENT AS AN OBJECT Slice Content into discrete namable chunks Can be encrypted as an object Supports blind caches and network storage capabilities Supports multipath / multicast capabilities NAME BASED ROUTING A name could refer to any number of entities Enables intelligent SDN based routing Network based DNS equivalent User / Application identity no longer tied to IP address supporting mobility, multipath / multicast TRANSPORT ENHANCEMENTS Address TCP issues Local cache can be used for error recovery Usable by non-content related traffic 17

ICN Routing Example basic concepts ICN routers

FIB: Forwarding Information Table can have multiple

PIT: Pending Interest Table return route state for

Content Store: Integral content cache in networking

18 ICN Routing Example basic concepts ICN routers comprise three components (rather than one) i. FIB: Forwarding Information Table can have multiple forwording entries per prefix ii. PIT: Pending Interest Table return route state for outstanding requests Interest Packet Data Packet iii. Content Store: Integral content cache in networking layer Three main components of ICN: Forwarding Info, Pending Interest & Content Storage 18

Summary 5G is not just about the next generation RAN, but very focused on the next generation core and internet CRAN is laying the foundation to lower TCO for 5G neutral host small cells Network

19 Summary 5G is not just about the next generation RAN, but very focused on the next generation core and internet CRAN is laying the foundation to lower TCO for 5G neutral host small cells Network slicing, C/U plane split (SDN) and access agnostic capabilities laying the foundation for more flexible and efficient 5G core to support wide range of use cases, business models, verticals, etc. Cisco is leading the 5G internet evolution to ICN, driven by real-world applications with mobility at the top 19

20 Thank you

Advanced Concepts 5G

Advanced Concepts 5G Background Applications & Requirements Radio Technology Candidates Networking Trends Status and Timeline Parts of the presentation are taken from material that has been provided by