Building AMR services over Broadband PLC Networks

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Antonia Hunter
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1 Building AMR services over Broadband PLC Networks September 21 st, 2005 Endesa Network Factory José Comabella PLC Network Director

2 Introduction Broadband PLC Technology As access technology, the use of the existent electric LV and MV networks represents a profit for PLC costs position versus other technologies that compete for the last mile Access PLC Technology Comments Connection with other operators and networks Services centre Substation TC n TC 1 TC 6 Medium Voltage (MV) Aprox. 500 meters TC 2 TC 3 TC 4 HE TC 5 Low Voltage (LV) households Modem (CPE) Repeater Head End (Installed in the Transformer Substation) Repeater (installed in the meters room) Modem (installed in the customer s house) PLC uses the existent infrastructure, which has more potential coverage than any other access technology PLC can offer Broadband services with transmission speeds similar to other access technologies PLC transforms a regular socket in an potential interconnection point (ubiquity) to the most advanced telecommunications services (Broad Band Internet Access, telephony, inhome systems ). Commercial 2 nd generarion PLC equipments are available, these equipments increase transmission capacity, reaching 200 Mbps on the physical layer 1

3 Introduction SMART NETWORKS Smart Network Concept Distribution Networks in general are not ready to manage the current great electric demand and the DG challenge. The deployment of a new concept of DN could allow higher reliability, higher efficiency and to operate the network closer to design limits OSS Interpretation and decision making system Energy and capacity savings Implementation of algorithms and protocols for real time decision making using the information received + Intelligence Communication system Bi-directional system Real Time High coverage, reliable and secure Measurement appliances Data gathering Execution of the received others 2

ENDESA s experience Network Deployment for 1G 1 st Generation: Broadband PLC for Internet and VoIP Services for Final Customers, and internal Utility Services such as Remote Management, AMR MV / PLC

4 ENDESA s experience Network Deployment for 1G 1 st Generation: Broadband PLC for Internet and VoIP Services for Final Customers, and internal Utility Services such as Remote Management, AMR MV / PLC rings deployed in Barcelona Comments The deployment connect 103 MV/LV Transformer Substations. A 92% of the TS are connected using MV/PLC technology (1G product). Coverage of Passed Homes Over a MV PLC network initially planed to provide services to the final client (Internet + VoIP), a virtual network has been configured to manage corporative services. The first purpose of the network conditioned its design (throughput, latency, jitter, QoS ) Running standard distribution management protocols (IEC ) through the PLC MV network. 3

5 ENDESA s experience Networking for Distribution Applications Network Architecture Power Power Utility Utility IP IP Network INTERNET PSTN Services Management VLAN Private IEEE 802.1Q VLAN MAN - PoP Layer 2 for Utility Services Ethernet Switch QMD Data Traffic Voice Traffic Fibre Optic Gigabit Ring MV PLC Equipment QUALITY MEASUREMENT DEVICES QMD MV PLC Equipment Network Operation (NOC) QMD MV PLC Equipment QMD REMOTE TERMINAL UNITS Center Comments Layer 2 Network. High Speed Switching Core IP Network with QoS IEEE 802.1Q/p Data, Voice, Management and Utility traffic separately by VLAN ID s Different priorization based on type of traffic High availability. IEEE 802.1D (Spanning Tree Protocol) Flexible and scalable architecture Some features: Delay: 12 ms Availability: % BW: 8 Mbit/s MV rings 4

6 ENDESA s experience Network Deployment for 2G 2 nd Generation: Broadband PLC for internal Utility services. The installation of MV PLC rings verifies the robustness and reliability of Broadband PLC technology as a transmission system for internal Utility Services MV/PLC Network for Core Applications Comments PLC Ring 3 Tallers-Vilanova 17 TS PLC Ring 1 Mata-Tallers 20 TS PLC Ring 2 Mata-Vilanova 33 TS From 15 to 40 Transformer Stations in the same MV line, between two substations. MAC layer is critical. Throughput and latency are not a priority. Fast Re-routing Protocols are needed. MV/PLC Network must work properly in case of a link failure. Reconfiguration time must be a few milliseconds. Costs must decrease in order to be adequate with the new purpose of the network. CONCLUSION: It s necessary the modification of Broadband PLC MAC level, to support the access of all the equipments in a ring, and spanning tree protocol must be efficient and reliable. 5

7 ENDESA s experience MV/PLC Installation Easy works are needed in the Transformer Substation to install MV/PLC technology MV/PLC Installation Scheme MV/PLC Equipment MV Cable TS MV Cable MV Coupling Unit CU TRF CU LV PLC Equipment Coupling Units (Capacitive or Inductive) / Concentrator / Meter / Ethernet Port UTP Cable LV Network 6

AMR Over Broadband PLC Topology Different strategies can be followed to deploy the telecommunications network for AMR, but the use of PLC technologies present more benefits for

(AMR, s, Gas and Water Meters, DSM, Domotic devices ) over the same channel.

Narrowband PLC Gas & water meters The broadband PLC network allows to arrive at a suitable TS, with the possibility to install some other technology, as Radio, Fibre optic, ADSL

8 AMR Over Broadband PLC Topology Different strategies can be followed to deploy the telecommunications network for AMR, but the use of PLC technologies present more benefits for Utilities core business Comments AMR Network Broadband PLC over MV network can offer the possibility to merge all kind of services related or not to the Electricity distribution (AMR, s, Gas and Water Meters, DSM, Domotic devices ) over the same channel. Medium Voltage network BROADBAND PLC BT PLC Headend LV Network Electronic meters Broadband PLC over LV network could be useful in some urban areas, with high density of meters. Narrowband PLC Gas & water meters The broadband PLC network allows to arrive at a suitable TS, with the possibility to install some other technology, as Radio, Fibre optic, ADSL The IP interface of the MV PLC equipment can provide the connection to other technology devices, for the remote access to the Network Management Centre. Network management Centre Broadband PLC Fibre optic ADSL Radio... LV Network Broadband PLC PLC repeater Narrowband PLC Electronic meters 7

AMR Over Broadband PLC The existing standards guarantee a minimum degree of coexistence for Broadband PLC and Narrowband PLC equipment installed in the same network Standarisation PLC Systems

9 AMR Over Broadband PLC The existing standards guarantee a minimum degree of coexistence for Broadband PLC and Narrowband PLC equipment installed in the same network Standarisation PLC Systems Standarisation NARRROWBAND PLC EN in Europe. CEBus EIA 600 in USA. DL/T in China. CENELEC 3-148,5 khz BROADBAND PLC 3-30MHz frequency Narrowband PLC technology is widely used in AMM systems, and nearly all the solutions are proprietary. OPERA s recommendation: continue monitoring the Market, waiting for the appropriate time for AMM. Electro-mechanical meter A BAND (9-95 khz) B C D BROADBAND PLC There s no specific regulation about Broadband PLC. OPERA works in PLC technologies standardisation, in order to assure the coexistence of Narrowband and Broadband PLC, as far as some other Powerline Carrier Systems. Electronic meter INTERFERENCES OF AN ELECTRONIC METER IN THE BROADBAND PLC FREQUNCIES 8

AMR Over Broadband PLC Business Case The use of Broadband MV PLC for aggregation have best economic ratios than the

Business Case Distribution Applications MV Network Management and Control centre MV NETWORK Medium Voltage network

PLC MV applications LV Applications Integration with BSS Other External Applications Internet Telephony Home system

Measurement in LV bars Short Circuit detectors information Telephony and access to corporative application O&M

Measurements Demand Side Management Communication support for AMR Measurement Measurement services for third parties

10 AMR Over Broadband PLC Business Case The use of Broadband MV PLC for aggregation have best economic ratios than the use of Narrowband MV PLC systems or GSM only if all the services are take into account in the analysis of the Business Case Distribution Applications MV Network Management and Control centre MV NETWORK Medium Voltage network Low Voltage Network Real Time monitoring and remote management of MV Network BT LV Network Electronic meters Modem PLC MV applications LV Applications Integration with BSS Other External Applications Internet Telephony Home system Carrier Services Local administrations services Basic applications: Oil s temperature transformer measurement Measurement in LV bars Short Circuit detectors information Telephony and access to corporative application O&M Additional applications: Remote control Energetic balance Signalling Security systems Alarms Quality Signal Measurements Demand Side Management Communication support for AMR Measurement Measurement services for third parties (gas, water) Control services of urban furniture, road signalling,... Fraud detection Cuts and reposition Dynamic rating (time slot) Business Case OK 9

11 AMR Over Broadband PLC Added value of MV PLC (1) The 27th of January at 4.23 a.m a failure occurs in the line Ganduxer2 that affects 22 TS. The effects are noticed in the PLC network in advance PLC Network in the affected line Comments MV MV TS D0319 LV LV TS D2589 MV Cable where the failure is produced Once the failure is analysed with the mobile laboratory the problem is located in a joint placed at 96 meters from the TS D0319 (affecting the three phases). This failure affected 22 MV/LV Transformer Stations. Service was totally recovered 4 hours after. The failure was produced fortuitously, due to the defect in the join, without any manoeuvre taking place on the line. 10

AMR Over Broadband PLC Added value of MV PLC (2) At the same time the signal of alarm in the power supply of the equipment D0806 is received, the monitored

PLC Channel Capacity SNR variations Mbit/s # changes in SNR/min PLC channel capacity decrease from 12:00 hours of the 26 th January, more noticeable from 23:00

12 AMR Over Broadband PLC Added value of MV PLC (2) At the same time the signal of alarm in the power supply of the equipment D0806 is received, the monitored parameters of the PLC channel show estrange behaviour several hours before the failure Graphics of the PLC Link between TS D0319 and D2589 on January 27 th, 2005 PLC Channel Capacity SNR variations Mbit/s # changes in SNR/min PLC channel capacity decrease from 12:00 hours of the 26 th January, more noticeable from 23:00 hours Electrical failure happens at 4:23 hours Sharp variations of the SNR in the uplink from 23:00 hours till 4:23, when the communication with the equipment was lost 11

13 CONCLUSIONS The trials have confirmed the viability of use Medium Voltage PLC technology to build a reliable and secure telecommunications network to provide corporative applications such as MV network automation and metering. The use of Medium Voltage PLC leaves the window opportunity open to future automations in the Low Voltage access network acting as transport network for AMR or DSM services. The application of the Medium Voltage PLC technology offers an added value, not possible with others and enhancing the operative life of the electric infrastructures, and all that permits to telecommunications technologies, the possibility to be used as diagnostic tool for the MV electrical infrastructure condition, improving the quality of the electric supply, diminishing economic loses offer a better service supplied to the final customer. Further R&D activities must be started to explore in deep all the possibilities that broadband PLC technology can provide to analyze the electrical infrastructure condition in order to perform proper Condition Based Maintenance. Detailed economical analysis must be done taking in account all the services and potential benefits that a MV/PLC deployment could offer to the Utility. 12

14 Thank you very much for your attention! 13

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