LC Connector. A High Density Fiber Optic Network Solution. Paul Kolesar Lucent Technologies, Bell Laboratories

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1 A High Density Fiber Optic Network Solution Paul Kolesar Lucent Technologies, Bell Laboratories IEEE 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet March, 1997

2 Outline Design Background and Goals Product Family Overview Features Feature Advantages Adapters, Transceivers, Cordage Standards, Licensing and Availability Performance Summary & Conclusion

3 Background Bell Labs was challenged with developing a next generation optical connection product family that would meet the changing needs of both the singlemode and multimode markets MM and SM teams developed similar conclusions Developed design criteria based on market trends Ð Lower system cost Ð Smaller size Ð User friendliness Ð Excellent mechanical and optical performance

4 Design Goals Develop one connector/optical interface for ALL applications in the network Ð High volume = low cost Ð Fewer equipment designs È lower cost È less R&D expense for xcvr. manuf. and OEMs Ð Specialty connectors traditionally not successful È high price È low volume, not accepted by total market No Cost shifting to ANY network components! Develop a complete product family Broadly license for multiple sources

5 Product Family

6 LC Product Family Multimode and Singlemode Initial Product Offering Patch Cords and pigtails Ð Duplex and simplex Ð MiniCord TM (1.6 mm) and 900 µm Ð Hybrid Patch Cords Field-mountable on buffered-fiber & cordage Duplex adapters Ð standard and reduced height Panels for outlets and cabinets Mounting Collar for RJ-45 cutout

7 Features RJ-45 Style Small Size Polarized Color Coded Pull-Proof Cable Compatible Excellent Performance High Reliability

8 Feature Advantages RJ-45 Style Ð User friendly (intuitively obvious operation) Ð Familiarity of copper modular plugs Ð No tools Ð Easy insertion and extraction Ð Audible click assures full insertion Ð Low-cost plastic housing Ð Improved anti-snag latch

9 Latch Enhancements Patch Cords Ð Anti-snag feature on latch Ð Easy to disengage simplex Ð Simultaneous disengagement of duplex Buffered Fiber Connector and Pigtail Ð Finger catch on latch Ð Extended latching beam Ð Easy to locate and disengage Robust Latch Ð Flex tested 7000 times

10 Feature Advantages Small Size Ð Smaller than RJ-45 Ð Half size of duplex SC Ð PCI mezzanine compliant for NICs Ð Lower system cost È double density panels and hubs È fewer panels and racks, less floor and closet space È same interface for MM and SM È designed for automated manufacturing È alternate ferrule and sleeve materials È no cost shift

11 Feature Advantages Polarized Ð Obvious orientation to adapter Ð Installs in only one orientation Ð Maintains Tx/Rx directions Ð No keying Ð Repeatable performance Ð A / B polarity markings Ð Meets TIA 568-A and ISO 11801

12 Feature Advantages Color Coded Ð Meets TIA 568-A and ISO È SM blue È MM beige Ð Easily identifiable fiber type Pull-proof Ð Side and axial load tolerant Ð Eliminates accidental disconnections Ð Increases reliability

13 Feature Advantages Cable Compatible Ð Works readily with installed base È 900 µm buffered (indoor cable) È 250 µm coated (ribbon, loose tube OSP) È standard strength fiber Ð Special fiber or cable not required Ð Easy to mount È buffered fiber or cordage È familiar procedure È less polishing Ð Lower cost È no cost shifting

14 Feature Advantages Excellent Performance Ð Meets industry opt., mech. and env. standards È TIA 568-A È ISO È Bellcore GR-326 Ð Design guarantees end-face contact È easily meets 20 / 26 db return loss Ð Pull-proof

15 Feature Advantages High Reliability Ð Proven technology Ð No inherent fiber bends Ð Durable materials È 500 re-matings È 7000 latch flexures Ð Easily cleaned Ð Low Risk means Lower Cost

16 LC Adapters Features and Advantages Self adjusting panel latch Ð Adapts to panel thickness Square cross section Ð Choice of mounting orientation Compact duplex designs Ð Panel and board mount Ð 4-piece snap assembly Fits standard RJ-45 cutout Ð M81 LC mounting collar Labeled polarity Ð Meets TIA 568A and ISO 11801

17 Transceiver Interface Maximize hub density Ð Needs less panel space than UTP jack PCI mezzanine compliant Ð Compatible with PC NICs No cost shifting Ð Familiar, miniaturized design Low insertion and withdrawal force LC transceiver suppliers Ð Finisar Ð Working with others

18 MiniCordage Small diameter mm simplex Ð Alleviates trough congestion Ð Simplex, duplex zipcord, and quad Ð Duplex size 66% of 2.9 mm ribbon cord Excellent performance Ð Made for pull-proof connectors Ð Tight bend radius (1inch) Ð GR- 409 Bellcore compliant Lower cost than 3.0 mm zipcord Duplex Minicord 1.6 mm 0.9 mm 3.5 mm

19 LC Standards, Licensing and Availability Standards Ð Actively working standards È TIA FO6.3 FOCIS work item approved È IEC 86B WG 6: submission approved by USTAG Broadly Licensing Ð Actively negotiating with several companies Availability Ð Limited production September 1996 Ð Full Production March 1997 Ð 3 beta sites in progress (> 10,000 connectors)

20 LC Performance Optical Environmental Mechanical

21 Optical Performance Multimode - Insertion Loss cy Frequency GOOD MM Insertion Loss Avg. = 0.10 db Std. Dev. = 0.07 db N = 100 Specification: ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Max. <= 0.75 db Avg. <= 0.5 db ÊÊÊÊÊ0.20ÊÊÊÊÊ0.40ÊÊÊÊÊ0.60ÊÊÊÊÊ0.80ÊÊÊÊÊ Loss (db)

22 Optical Performance Multimode - Return Loss 80 ency Frequency MM Return Loss Avg. = 33 db Std. Dev. = 2.4 db GOOD N = 100 Specification: ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Min. >= 20 db 20ÊÊÊÊÊÊ24ÊÊÊÊÊÊ28ÊÊÊÊÊÊ32ÊÊÊÊÊÊ36ÊÊÊÊÊÊ40ÊÊÊÊÊÊ44 Reflectance (db) Return Loss (db)

23 Optical Performance Singlemode Frequency SM Insertion Loss (db) (db) 20 GOOD 0.00ÊÊ ÊÊ0.10ÊÊ ÊÊ0.20ÊÊÊ Ê0.30ÊÊÊ Ê0.40ÊÊ ÊÊ Loss (db) 40 SM Loss Avg. = 0.09 db Std. Dev. = 0.05 db N = 100 Specification : ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Max. <= 0.75 db Avg. <= 0.5 db Frequency SM SM Return Reflectance Loss (db) (db) GOOD 45ÊÊÊ Ê47Ê ÊÊÊ49ÊÊÊÊ 51ÊÊÊ Ê53ÊÊ ÊÊ55Ê ÊÊÊ57ÊÊÊ Ê59 SM Return Loss Avg. = 53 db Std. Dev. = 1.9 db N = 100 Specification : ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Min. >= 26 db Return Reflectance Loss (db)

24 Environmental Performance Multimode 0.8 MM CHANGE IN LOSS (db) O S S ( d B ) T E S T D U R A T I O N : A p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 4 d a y s 40 C o C to -t 85 C 4o 08 o 5C Requirement: < 0.3 db change 8 5 o C 2 3 o C 1 h r. 1 h r. 1 h r o C 0.1 Representative Results TIME ( h r.

25 Mechanical Performance Mating Durability Loss (db),, 1300 nm Multimode 62.5 Micron Fiber Requirement: < 0.2 db change Spec. = 0.75 db max. Representative Results Matings

26 Mechanical Performance Tensile Load - Singlemode Optical Loss Change db db s SM Transmission with Applied Tensile Load Representative Results 90 o Side Load Requirement: < 0.5 db Change [ 5] [ 10] [ 15] [20] [ 25] Load lb. [N] SM 1310 nm SM 1550 nm

27 Performance Specification Multimode Insertion Loss Ð 0.10 db average, 0.10 db standard deviation Return Loss Ð 33 db average Temperature Cycling Ð -40 to +85 C; loss change < 0.30 db Mating Durability Ð 500 matings; loss change < 0.2 db Tensile Loading Ð 0 deg, 10 lbs < 0.2 db Ð 90 deg, 5 lbs < 0.2 db

28 Performance Specification Singlemode Insertion Loss Ð 0.10 db average, 0.07 db standard deviation Return Loss Ð 50 db minimum Temperature Cycling Ð -40 to +85 C; loss change < 0.30 db Mating Durability Ð 500 matings; loss change < 0.2 db Tensile Loading Ð 0 deg, 10 lbs < 0.2 db Ð 90 deg, 5 lbs < 0.2 db

29 Summary Lower system cost RJ-45 housing Ð The most user friendly Ð 1/2 size of duplex MM SC Proven, reliable technology Compatible with embedded fiber base Will broadly license Actively working standards

30 Conclusion Bell Labs invented the ST connector Ð Standard for 10BASE-F Ð Grandfathered in TIA 568-A and ISO Ð Most popular optical connector in the world Bell Labs also invented the modular plug Ð Most prevalent copper connector worldwide The LC combines the best of both Ð Proven technology of the ST Ð Miniaturized and embodied in a modular plug Examine all facts from a total system perspective Ð The LC is the best choice