Programmable logic controllers : industrial control / Khaled Kamel, Eman Kamel. New York [etc.], cop Spis treści

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1 Programmable logic controllers : industrial control / Khaled Kamel, Eman Kamel. New York [etc.], cop Spis treści Preface ix 1 Introduction to PLC Control Systems and Automation Control System Overview Process Overview Manual Control Operation Automated-System Building Blocks Hardwired Systems Overview Conventional Relays Relay Logic System Control Relay Application Motor Magnetic Starters Latch and Unlatch Control Relay PLC Overview What Is a PLC? History of PLCs PLC Architecture Hardwired System Replacement PLC Ladder Logic Manual/Auto Motor Control Operation S Book Training Unit Setup Process-Control Choices 29 Homework Problems and Laboratory Projects 31 2 Fundamentals of PLC Logic Programming PLC Hardware S Processor Operating Modes of the CPU Communication Modules Signal Boards Input-Output Modules Power Supply S PLC Memory Organization/Specifications Processor Memory Map and Program Organization Ladder-Logic Diagrams PLC Input/Output Terminal Connection PLC Boolean Instructions Shift and Rotate Instructions 56

2 2.2.4 Program-Control Instructions Sequential and Combinational Logic Instructions The Set-Reset Flip-Flop Instructions Set and Reset Output Instructions Positive and Negative Edge Instructions Logic Gates and Truth Tables Combinational Logic Instructions Illustrative Ladder Examples 70 Homework Problems and Laboratory Projects 74 3 Timers and Counters Programming Timer Fundamentals ON-DELAY Timers (TONs) OFF-DELAY Timers (TOFs) Retentive/Time-Accumulator Timers (TONRs) Implemented Timer Applications Counters Fundamentals Count Up Counters (CTU) Count Down Counters (CTD) Count Up and Down Counters (CTUD) Implemented Counter Applications Special Timing Instructions Pulse Generation/Pulse Timer (TP) One-Shot Operations Implemented One-Shot Application Implemented Counter Applications 118 Homework Problems and Laboratory Projects Math, Move, and Comparison Instructions Math Instructions Numbering Systems S Data and Number Representation Common Math Instructions MOVE and TRANSFER Instructions Comparison Instructions Equal, Greater, and Less Than Instructions IN RANGE and OUT RANGE Instructions Implemented Industrial Application Common Process-Control Tasks Small Industrial Process-Control Application 156 Homework Problems and Laboratory Projects Device Configuration and the Human-Machine Interface Device and PLC/HMI Configuration Siemens S Hardware Arrangement 172

3 5.1.2 PLC/HMI Configuration Human-Machine Interfacing Communication Fundamentals PROFINET and Ethernet Protocol HMI Programming Control and Monitoring Distributed Control System Process Description Control System Process I/O Map Design and Execution of Pump Station Ladder Program HMI-PLC Application 204 Homework Problems and Laboratory Projects Process-Control Design and Troubleshooting Process-Control Overview, Layer Process Descriptions Level of Control/Automation Control-System Components Process-Control Implementation, Layer I/O Listing Data-Acquisition and Closed-Loop-Control Tasks Project Logic Diagrams and Ladder-Function Blocks Control-System Preliminary Documentation Program Documentation Using Cross Reference Process-Control Checkout and Startup, Layer Checkout Using Forcing Functions Checkout Using Watch Tables Checkout Using Cross-Reference, Program Status, and System Diagnostics System Checkout and Troubleshooting Static Checkout Safety Standards and Precautions Safeguard Implementation Examples 249 Homework Problems and Laboratory Projects Instrumentation and Process Control Instrumentation Basics Sensors Basics Analog Sensors Digital Sensors Process-Control Elements Basic Measurement System Process-Control Variables Signal Conditioning Signal Transmitters Signal Conversion 265

4 7.3.1 Analog-to-Digital Conversion Digital-to-Analog Conversion Quantification Errors and Resolution Process-Control System Control Process Controlled Variables Control Strategy and Types Process-Control Loop Control-System Error Quantification Control-System Transient and Performance Evaluation Closed-Loop Process-Control Types ON/OFF Control Mode Proportional Control Mode Composite Control Mode PLC/Distributed Computer Supervisory Control 281 Homework Problems and Laboratory Project Analog Programming and Advanced Control Analog I/O Configuration and Programming Analog I/O Modules Configuring Analog I/O Modules Analog I/O Diagnostic Configuration Analog Input Range and Scaling Analog I/O Programming PID Control Configuration and Programming Closed-Loop Control System Control-System Time Response Control-System Types Controller Behavior Selection of the Suitable Controller Structures PID Instruction SIMAT1C S Tank-Level PID Control 307 Homework Problems and Laboratory Project Comprehensive Case Studies Irrigation-Canal Water-Level Control System Input-Output (I/O) Map Logic Diagrams Automated-System Building Blocks Irrigation-Canal Ladder Implementation Irrigation-Canal HMI Implementation Wet-Well Pump-Station Control System I/O Map Automated System Building Blocks Pumping-Station Ladder Implementation 356

5 9.5.1 Pump Alarms Pumping-Station HMI Implementation 362 Homework Problems and Laboratory Project 362 A Siemens Cooperates with Education 371 Index 417 oprac. BPK

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