Japan s International Contribution in the Field of ICT for Disaster Risk Reduction

Transcription

1 1 Japan s International Contribution in the Field of ICT for Disaster Risk Reduction Yasuo Sakamoto, Vice-Minister for Policy Coordination (International Affairs), Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan March 14, 2015

2 Worldwide Disaster Situation and Japan s Position 2

3 Damage by disasters all over the world after Source:UNISDR 165 Billion 251 Billion Storms caused the most economic damage - this was also the year of Hurricane Katrina. 203 Billion Earthquakes caused the most economic damage - this was also the year of the Sichuan earthquake in China. 371 Billion Earthquakes caused the most economic damage - this was also the year of the Great East Japan Earthquake. DAMAGE 0 61 Billion 35 Billion 659 Million 66 Billion 87 Billion Drought affected most people - this was also the year of major drought in India and China 39 Billion 82 Billion 50 Billion 138 Billion 138 Billion AFFECTED Million 109 Million 255 Million 162 Million 161 Million Earthquakes killed the most people - this was also the year of Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami 126 Million 212 Million 222 Million Million Storms killed the most people - this was also the year of Cyclone NARGIS 255 Million Floods affected most people - this was also the year of major flooding in south and central parts of China Earthquakes killed the most people - this was also the year of the Haiti earthquake. 211 Million 106 Million KILLED

4 International Financing of DRR Japan contributes to mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction in the international society. Mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction is to make disaster risk reduction (DRR) the most preferential subject and to introduce disaster preparedness in all development policies and projects. International financing of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in (Bilateral and multilateral donors: Total $13.5 billion) World Bank $ 3.57 billion = 25.7% 4 Japan $ 3.75 billion = 27.6% Among bilateral donors, Japan s share is 64%. Source: Financing Disaster Risk Reduction (2013)

5 Importance of ICT in the Field of Disaster Risk Reduction 5

6 Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake 6 Most important counter measures to protect community from tsunami Method to confirm safety of family members living together Evacuate to upland as soon as possible 51% Telephon call by fixedline phone 7% Deliver tsunami and evacuation information surely even in case of power failure Enhance disaster prevention facilities such as seawalls Built refuge facilities such as evacuation towers for residents 6% 4% 20% Telephon call by mobile phone by mobile phone Direct confirmation Other 1% 17% 25% 69% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Source: Special Working Group of the Cabinet Office

7 CONCEPT 3S : Features of ICT for DRR 1 Seamless 7 Seamless in Time Information Sharing among Systems in Each Phase of Prevention, Emergency Response, Recovery/Reconstruction Utilizing Past Disaster Information for Future Disaster Prediction Prompt Information Sharing When Disaster Occurs Seamless in Space Cross-regional and crossborder Information sharing ICT as Social Infrastructure Resolving Digital Divide to Realize Disaster Information Transmission not Restricted by Geological Conditions Providing appropriate disaster information based on local ICT infrastructure Seamless between Organizations Responsible for DRR Mutual Information Sharing among National Government, Local Governments and Communities Information Sharing within Respective Organizations Information Transmission to Residents and Communities through Various Media 2 Secure 3 Smart [Resilience] To make communication networks resilient To enhance information security To utilize ICT to make social infrastructure resillient ICT utilization when disaster occurs to visualize disaster situation Sensor networks to collect big data Big data utilization to predict disaster with high precision

8 Efforts toward realizing CONCEPT 3S and Lessons 8 Efforts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Lessons for ICT systems from the Great East Japan Earthquake 1 Seamless ICT infrastructure to collect and integrate disaster information, and to deliver it by various media Difficulty of access to necessary information Information divide among institutions, residents 2 Secure 3 Smart Ensuring communication networks R&D for resilient communication infrastructure Enhancement of coping capabilities by digitalization Utilization of SNS, Cloud computing, IoT and Big data Occurrence of communication congestion Damage to communication infrastructure (including loss of power supply) Vulnerability of printed documentt Based on 2011/2012 White Paper Information and Communication in Japan

9 1. Seamless: L-Alert 9 Information Provider Information Communicator Local Resident Municipal governments Prefectures Collection, format conversion, and distribution Connected with standard format Various types of format TV operator Cable Terrestrial Radio operator Net operator Digital TV Data broadcasting, etc. (text is displayed) Radio Emergency broadcast (provided by sound) Web distribution Central government Main server Backup server Mobile phone operator Mobile phone Smartphone Emergency prompt mail (Push distribution for all in the area ) Utilization of disaster prevention application (Push distribution to application users) Lifeline New service operators Signage, car navigation, etc.

10 1. Seamless: Area Mail 10 Earthquake Early Warning Area Mail System Not delivered to other areas Area B JMA* Tsunami Warning Earthquake detected Earthquake occurs National/local public bodies Disaster occurs Area Mail Broadcast to specified areas Notify by special buzzer or vibration Earthquake Early Warning Earthquake occurred off X area. Please be prepared for strong tremors. Area A Tsunami Warning People in coastal areas should evacuate to safe places such as hills immediately. (JMA) Notify by a special ringtone Evacuation Directive The X river is in danger of flooding * Japan Meteorological Agency ** Japanese Only Earthquake Early Warning** Tsunami Warnings** Popup display image Disaster/evacuation information

11 2. Secure: Disaster Resistant ICT Research Center 11 The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) aims: To develop a disaster-resistant ICT system To revitalize of economic activities in the affected areas NICT has established a world top level research center, Disaster resistant ICT research center, in Tohoku University to promote Industry-Academic- Government collaborative research. Organization of the Center: Center Head: Dr. Yoshiaki Nemoto, Deputy Head: Dr. Hiroshi Shibuya. 25 Staff (including 12 Researchers in 3 laboratories) March 11, 2011 The Great East Japan Earthquake April 2012 Inauguration of the Center May in 2012 Inauguration of Disaster Resistant ICT Research Development Meeting March 25, 2013 Disaster Resistant ICT Research Symposium and Demonstration March 3, 2014 Opening ceremony

12 2.Secure: Disaster Resistant ICT Research Center 12 Photonic technology sector Wireless technology sector Information science sector Sharing by pass and packet Emergency Connection-off when unnecessary/not urgent Path connection for key communications UAS relay node 5.6 GHz Wi-Fi link WiMAX link 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi coverage Vehicle installation earth station (Material: NHK Takamatsu Rooftop mesh node w/ 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi AP Rooftop mesh node w/o 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi AP JGN-X connected mesh node Rooftop WiMAX base station Mesh node integrated with LED streetlight 要望の一覧 ( 例 ) 200 m 青葉山キャンパス 片平キャンパス Optical packet/optical path integrated node Transportable optical amplifier JGN-X Internet NICT 本部 Mesh experiment equipment and emulator Disaster resistant information analysis system Provision of test bed functions, collaboration with municipalities/disaster preparedness agencies, etc. Transmission of Japan s ICT for disaster risk reduction domestically and overseas Vigorous participation in SIP (Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program)

13 3.Smart: Disaana (Disaster Resistant SNS Information Analysis System) 13 Collect/analyze information submitted to SNS Disaana Opening to the public from November 2014 (Functions partially) Analyze Twitter data for January following the Great East Japan Earthquake Input Japanese questions Provide replies by PC and smart phone Users Rapid and exhaustive grasp of damaged situation Grasp/efficiency of relief situations

14 International Contribution by ICT for Disaster Risk Reduction 14

15 Terminal on-site equipment Solution Map of ICT for DRR in Japan Observation/Collection Sensor (earthquake, water level, rainfall amount, wind speed, landslide, etc.) Meteorological radar Camera (fixed, mobile, helicopter) Satellite observation (image, position information) Information analysis (Centralization) Accumulation Delivery 15 Broadcast reception terminal (IP announcement terminal, PC, etc.) One segment terminal Speaker Mini satellite earth station Application Meteorological observation information collection system Damage information collection system Safety/evacuation information collection system Image monitoring/analysis system Meteorological analysis system Geographical information system Shelters/evacuees management system Supplies management system Administrative operation system Damage forecasting system Emergency information transmission system Evacuation information / announcement management system J-ALERT L-ALERT Platform Sensor information collection/control infrastructure Comprehensive disaster prevention information system Risk management information management system Space data platform system Infrastructure management system Police/fire prevention command and control system Cloud platform/big data analysis Emergency alarm broadcast Cell broadcast Communication infrastructure Disaster prevention use General use Disaster prevention administrative radio network(mobile) Satellite communications Satellite communications Radio communications networks(fwa, WiFi, microwave, TV White Space, etc.) Submarine cable Disaster prevention administrative radio(broadcast reception, mobile) Satellite communications Portable fire prevention module in disaster

16 MIC s Efforts on ICT for DRR 16 Issues Promoting mutual understanding with partner countries Deepening understanding of ICT solutions Capacity building Expansion into the whole field of disaster prevention Efforts Government-level Dialogue F/S, Pilot Project Workshops for Capacity Building Collaboration with Relevant Agencies

17 Japan s contributions in ICT for DRR in the world 17 U.K. Spate/flood simulation (2006) India Vietnam Taiwan Flood damage forecast system(2014) Damage information collection functions(2014) Disaster information unified transmission system (2014) Bridge managementt sensor system (2012) Meteorological radar (2014) High sensitivity monitoring camera system(2013) Submerged cable seismograph(2012) Emergency management information system(2013) Tonga Disaster preparedness communication network(2013) Honduras ISDB-T Emergency alarm broadcasting system (2013) Thailand Flood inundation simulation (2012) Philippines Emergency alarm broadcasting (2014) Meteorological radar(2014) MDRU(2014-) Indonesia AHA Centre ICT materials/equipment support (2011 -) ICT for disaster management (2011-) Public broadband mobile communications system(2014) Comprehensive disaster preparedness system(2013) National space data infrastructure system(2014) Based on industry survey

18 Japan s Contributions: Workshops for Capacity Building 18 Covering ICT for disaster management and related areas Developing human resources in cooperation with international organizations Workshop on Sensor Networks May 2014, supported by the ASEAN-Japan ICT Fund Outline: Lectures and site visits on Japanese technologies for sensor networks for disaster risk reduction and environment observation. Participants: ASEAN member countries ICT ministries (18 officials in total). Workshop on Disaster Management and Communications June 2014, supported by the Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (APT) Voluntary Contribution Outline: Lectures and site visits on Japanese technologies for emergency communication and emergency warning systems Participants: APT member countries ICT/DM ministries (93 officials in total) Workshop on ICT for Disaster Management Outline: Lectures and site visits on Japanese ICT for disaster management Participants: ASEAN member countries ICT ministries (13 officials in total) Dec. 2014, supported by the ASEAN-Japan ICT Fund)

19 Japan s Contribution: AHA Centre AHA Centre: ASEAN co-ordinating centre for Humanitarian Assistance on disaster management The AHA Centre was established in November 2011 in Jakarta for handling communication and coordination activities among disaster management agencies of ASEAN countries when disasters or emergency situations arise in the ASEAN region. Roles of the AHA Centre Normal Times Monitoring situation of the ASEAN region Supporting training for disaster management Holding workshops on disaster management At the time of disaster Sharing disaster information and coordinating emergency response activities with ASEAN countries MIC s Support to the AHA Centre MIC provides ICT facilities through the Japan-ASEAN Integration Fund (JAIF) 19 Phase 3 April 2015 (projection -) Phase 1: Nov 2011 Mar 2013 Phase 2: April Mar 2015 emergency response emergency communication equipment, backup,etc. Install ICT systems Establishment of communications network Introduction of information sharing system Dispatch a Japanese specialist to the AHA center. Capacity building for AHA center staff, disaster response agencies. Disaster Management Agency

20 Japan s Contributions: MDRU 20 MDRU (Movable and Deployable ICT Resource Unit) provides ICT services, such as wireless IP phone, rapidly and easily in disaster-affected areas. Two types: Car type and Attache case type MDRU won first prize in the ITU contest*and was awarded a prize in ITU Telecom World in (Nov 2013) (*)ITU-MCMC Contest to Promote the Transformational Power of Broadband - Connecting at the Roots At the request of the Philippines, ITU, Japan (MIC), and the Philippines (DOST) signed a cooperation agreement for a joint project of MRDU. (May 2014) A feasibility study of phone calls and data communication with MRDU is being carried out in northern Cebu (Dec 2014~) Cebu island

21 21 Thank you! Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, JAPAN 21