JAXA s Innovative Approach in Disaster Management

Transcription

1 JAXA s Innovative Approach in Disaster Management Forum on Innovative Data Approaches to SDGs May 31 June 2, 2017, Inchon, Korea Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 1 st Mission Directorate Chu Ishida 1

2 Contents 2 Introduction of JAXA JAXA s approach to SDGs JAXA s space-based disaster risk reduction activities (national/local, regional and global levels)

3 Space Transportation JAXA Activities Human Space Activities Satellite Programs Lunar & Planetary Exploration Programs Aeronautics Space Science

4 4 Major International Agreements JAXA efforts to define satellites roles in major international agreements Sendai Framework for DRR (March 2015) 2030 Agenda for SD (Sep 2015) COP21 Paris Agreement (Dec 2015) 29 th CEOS Plenary chaired by JAXA, Kyoto, Nov 5-6, SDGs and 169 Targets

5 Outcomes of Sendai Framework for DRR Priority 1. Understanding disaster risk National and local levels 24 (f) To promote real time access to reliable data, make use of space and in situ information, including geographic information systems (GIS), and use information and communications technology innovations to enhance measurement tools and the collection, analysis and dissemination of data Global and regional levels 25 (c) To promote and enhance, through international cooperation, including technology transfer, access to and the sharing and use of nonsensitive data and information, as appropriate, communications and geospatial and space-based technologies and related services; maintain and strengthen in situ and remotely-sensed earth and climate observations; and 5

6 JAXA s Activities for SDGs 6 Vision 1.Provide solutions to issues using space technologies 2.Provide rationale for decision making (define role of satellites in the SDG Indicator framework) Working through EO communities Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Partnership with non-space communities JICA, JST WB, ADB UNSC, WGGI NSO (MIC and others)

7 GEO report on EO Added Value for SDGs This booklet illustrates a sample of the opportunities and challenges that exist for NSOs and UN agencies to effectively integrate EO data and other geospatial information into the design of their Indicator frameworks for tracking progress more accurately towards the UN SDGs. It also demonstrates how Earth observations can more generally help achieving individual Goals and Targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, as well as the nexus between different Goals. Prepared by JAXA on behalf of GEO through EO4SDG

8 8 Goal 1 Poverty 1.5 By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters SDG Indicators related to Disaster Management Goals/Targets Indicators Tier Custodian Agency Domestic Ministry Number of deaths, missing persons and directly II UNISDR MLIT affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 MIC/FDMA population Goal 11 Cities 11.5 By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global gross domestic product (GDP) Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies II UNISDR CAO UNISDR UNISDR CAO (repeat of 1.5.1) Ⅱ UNISDR MLIT MIC/FDMA Direct economic loss in relation to global GDP, damage to critical infrastructure and number of disruptions to basic services, attributed to disasters II UNISDR CAO MLIT MIC/FDMA 11.b.1 (repeat of 1.5.3) UNISDR CAO 11.b.2 (repeat of 1.5.4) UNISDR Goal 13 Climate Change 13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries (repeat of 1.5.1) II UNISDR MLIT MIC/FDMA ((repeat of 1.5.3) UNISDR CAO (repeat of 1.5.4) UNISDR

9 JAXA s Activities for DRR 9 Obs. Satellites Emergency obs Demonstration Operational Volcanic activity Demonstration Subsidence and deformation Com. Satellites Emergency communications Operational Research Data of GPS Tsunami monitoring system Positioning Sat Tsunami EWS Research SMS Aviation Operational Disaster rescue aviation information system(d-net) Research High altitude monitoring system

10 National/local, Regional and Global Activities National/local level Cooperation with government and prefecture Regional level Sentinel Asia Global level International Charter 10

11 10/9/2014-5/7/2015 6cm (max) Volcanic Activity Observation by ALOS-2 Emergency observations were requested by the Volcano WG to monitor the Hakone volcano for May to Aug The analyzed data products were used to for decision making on the eruption risk assessment and area entry restrictions. 5/7/2015-5/21/ cm (max), 20cm (total) 5/21/2015-6/4/ cm (max), 30cm (total) Alert level was elevated as a result of this eruption. (June 30th) 6/4/2015-6/18/2015 3cm (max), 33cm (total) A small eruption occurred on June 29 th 6/18/2015-7/2/2015 7cm (max), 40cm (total) Images were provided by GSI

12 Rapid Response to Natural Disaster 12 The Kuchinoerabu Island volcano erupted around 10 am, May ALOS-2 emergency observation was made at noon and the data products were provided to JMA, GSI and other local DRR organizations. Time line: 5/29 9:59 eruption 12:43 emergency observation 13:55 data provision to the Volcano WG Rapid Disaster Image (JAXA ALOS Disaster WEB) (Nov 14, 2014/May 29, 2015) Crustal Deformation Interferometric SAR image (GSI) (Nov 14, 2014/May 29,2015) Change after eruption is shown in colors, indicating changes of crater and volcanic ash. Red area indicates low interferometry due to volcanic ash.

13 Infrastructure Monitoring Big Application: Infra monitoring about airport runway, dam, levee, etc. (Cross-ministerial strategic innovation promotion program (SIP) in Japan) to provide irregularity (subsidence). Technology: Detect elevation irregularity using Interferometric synthetic aperture radar of L- band SAR (InSAR) JAXA s Contribution: Can provide InSAR data, InSAR technology skill / advice to check irregularity using L-SAR. Irregularity check of Runway of airport (Application of subsidence) Small Runway check was already validated at some airport located with related organization. And, dam and levee are also applied and verified now in Japan. 13

14 (As of April 1, 2017) Space Community APRSAF Satellite Image Promotion of Utilization Capacity Building Sentinel Asia SENTINEL ASIA 87 organizations from 17 countries & regions and 15 international organizations In total: 104* organizations Disaster Reduction Community ADRC Member Countries (30 member countries) Disaster Information Utilization (User) Joint Project Team (JPT) NARL VAST ISRO GISTDA Sentinel Asia Constellation JAXA International Community UNESCAP, UNOOSA ASEAN, AIT and International Disaster Charter etc. *) JPT includes 7 Data Providing Nodes (DPN) and 42 Data Analysis Nodes (DAN) CRISP To join the Sentinel Asia, contact sa-secretariat@restec.or.jp

15 Sentinel Asia Value Added Products SA provided more than 700 value added products to DRR agencies in the region for 10 years.

16 InSAR Observation : 2015 Nepal Earthquake The deformation area extended more than 100 km from north to south. Central Kathmandu moved toward the satellite about 1 meter. Several local displacements were detected around Kathmandu (1) (2) 100km 100km 2km (3) Interferogram obtained by ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 data (1) Wide observation mode (350 km swath, Apr. 5/May 3 (2) High resolution mode ( 70 km swath, Feb. 21/May 2) : Map data OpenStreetMap Contributors (3) Photo taken on May 1. Courtesy of the investigation team of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Japanese Geotechnical Society, and Japan Association of Earthquake Engineering.) 16

17 Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) 3-hourly movie from 3 to 9 November, 2013 (Typhoon No.30, Yolanda/Hayen)

18 International Charter and Major Disasters Emergency on- Call Officer (ECO) CSA ESA RADARSAT-1,2 ERS-2 and ENVISAT On-Duty Operator (ODO) CNES NOAA SPOT-1, 2, 4 & 5 NOAA-12, 14, 15, 16 & 17, POES and GOES Authorized User (AU) Project Manager (PM) ISRO CONAE JAXA IRS SAC-C ALOS2 Disaster USGS UKSA/DMC CNSA DLR KARI Landsat DMC Constellation CBERS-1 TerraSAR-X KOMPSAT-2 End User (EU) Value-Added Reseller (VAR) International Charter Space and Major Disasters' 18

19 Disaster Damage Assessment in Tacloban city Base maps (Layers of houses, infrastructure, roads, etc.) Image from Open street map GIS Analysis Damaged infrastructure by visual check of satellite imagery age from International Charter 1. Number of damaged infrastructure 2. Damaged infrastructure maps 19

20 Summary 20 Disaster monitoring is one of the highest priority missions of JAXA s Earth observation program. JAXA is serving national and local needs in collaboration with government and local DRR organizations. Sentinel Asia provides regional DRR cooperation mechanism combining regional space capabilities and DRR capabilities.