Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users

Transcription

1 Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users Second Edition by Sam Kauffmann AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO An imprint of Elsevier Science

2 Contents Preface Introduction xxi xxiii Chapter 1 Getting Started 1 The Editor's Job 1 Avid's Roots 2 Film and Video: The Old Way 2 Working with Picture and Sound 3 The Editing Process 3 Avid's Digital Approach 4 The Many Parts of Your System 5 Avid Editing Workflow 9 Turning on Your Avid 12 The Avid Interface on Your Computer 14 Toolset Menu 14 Project Window 16 Bins 17 Clips 17 Bin Views 17 SuperBin 18 Source Monitor or Pop-up Monitor 18 Record Monitor 19 The Timeline 20 Commands 21 The Keyboard 21 Three-Button Play 22 The Spacebar 23 The I and О Keys 23 Other Important Commands 23 Active Window 23 IX

3 x Avid Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users Practice Starting an Editing Session Making Your First Cut Adding Shots to Your Sequence Ending an Editing Session Script for "Wanna Trade" Chapter 2 Basic Editing Editing Rules Starting Your Second Editing Session Basic Editing Skills Marking Clips Splice and Overwrite Source Monitor Menu The Timeline Selecting and Deselecting Tracks Navigating the Timeline Home and End Moving with the Mouse Snapping to Cut Points The Timeline Fast Menu Scaling and Scrolling the Timeline Additional Timeline Controls in the Media Composer Enlarge or Reduce Tracks Track Monitor Icons Marking Clips in the Timeline Duplicating a Sequence Lift and Extract Trim Shots Using Extract It Takes Three Marks to Make an Edit Like a Mantra Using the Clipboard Undo/Redo List Chapter 3 The Project Window Creating a Bin All About Bins Bin Views Selecting Clips Working in SuperBin Mode Changing the Default View Bin Headings

4 Contents xi Moving Columns 61 Sorting 61 Frame View 62 Storyboard Technique 63 Starting a New Sequence 63 Creating a Storyboard 64 Drag-and-Drop Editing 64 Subclips 65 Deleting Sequences and Clips 66 Getting Folders 67 Settings: Have It Your Way 68 Kinds of Settings 68 Bin Settings 71 Interface 72 Keyboard Settings 74 Changing Command Buttons 77 The Media Composer's Composer Settings Command Palette Commands 79 Chapter 4 Trimming 81 Trim Mode 82 Getting into Trim Mode 82 Media Composer Trim Modes 83 Lassoing the Transition 84 Leaving Trim Mode 84 Dual-Roller Trim Mode 85 Single-Roller Trim Mode 88 Trim Practice 91 Changing from Single-Roller to Dual-Roller Trim Mode 92 Media Composer Trim Keys 92 Adding Tracks for Trimming 92 Adding and Removing Rollers 93 Advanced Trim Mode Techniques 93 Trimming While Watching 93 Trim One Side, Then the Other 95 Using the Keyboard, Not the Mouse 96 Trim Settings 96 Dragging to a Mark 97 Picture and Sound Overlaps 97 Removing an Overlap 99 Sync Problems in Single-Roller Trim Mode 99 Enter Trim Mode on Selected Tracks 100

5 xii Avid Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users The Tilde Key 101 Trim Mode Review 101 Advanced Trim While Watching Chapter 5 Menus 103 Screening a Work in Progress 103 Menus 105 Avid Xpress DV Menu 106 File Menu 106 Edit Menu 109 Bin Menu 111 Items Found in Media Composer Bin Menu and Not in Xpress Bin Menu 116 Clip Menu 117 Items Found in Media Composer Clip Menu and Not in Xpress Clip Menu 121 Output Menu (Media Composer Only) 122 Special Menu (Media Composer Only) 123 Tools Menu: Xpress and Media Composer 125 Toolset Menu 129 Windows Menu 131 Script Menu 132 Help Menu 132 Tracking and Monitor Menus 132 Tracking Menu 132 Monitor Menu 134 Mapping Menu Items Chapter 6 Recording/Digitizing 137 Starting a New Project 137 Getting Your Tapes into the Computer 139 Tape Formats Digital and Analog 139 The DV Format 140 Video Capture Boards 140 Connecting Your Equipment 141 Image Resolution 142 Digitizing Strategies 143 Xpress DV Storage Issues 144 Audio 144 Audio Sampling 144

6 Contents xiii Getting Organized 145 Remote/Local 146 Xpress DV Connecting a Camera or Deck for the First Time 146 Organizing Your Bins 147 Opening the Record/Digitize Tool 147 Log or Digitize 147 Configuring the Record/Digitize Tool 149 If the Avid Says "No Deck" 152 What Should Happen 152 Two Common Problems 153 Xpress DV Editors Go to the Recording Process 153 Setting Video and Audio Levels 153 Audio Levels 154 Video Settings 155 The Recording Process 156 Logging 157 Batch Digitizing Your Logged Clips 158 Recording/Digitizing Each Clip As You Mark It 158 Recording/Digitizing "On-the-Fly" 159 Digitizing Material without Timecode 160 Some Useful Settings Chapter 7 Sound 163 The Importance of Sound 163 Track Monitors 164 Monitoring Only One Track 164 The Hollow Speaker Icon 165 Audio Scrub 165 Selecting the Tracks for Scrubbing 166 Adding Audio Tracks 166 Scrolling Your Tracks 166 Patching Audio Tracks 166 Deleting Tracks 168 Changing Audio Levels 168 Audio Mix Tool 169 Mixing Tool with Audio Tool 170 Speed Tips 171 Panning 171 Audio Clip Gain 171 Changing Volume and Panning on Multiple Clips 173 Audio Automation Gain 174

7 xiv Avid Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users Placing Key Frames Manually 174 Placing Key Frames Automatically 176 Equalization 177 Setting the EQ 178 EQ Templates 178 Saving Your EQ Effect 179 When to Use the Different Audio Tools 180 What Level is Correct? 181 Waveforms 181 Using Trim Mode to Fine-Tune the Audio 182 Other Audio Techniques to Fix Problems 183 Using the Clipboard to Fix Audio 184 Add Edits ' 184 Timeline Views 185 Media Composer: Rearrange Tracks 186 Setting Up Your Tracks Chapter 8 Advanced Editing 189 Segment Mode Editing 189 Extract/Splice Segment Mode Button 190 Lift/Overwrite Segment Mode Button 192 Moving Sound to Different Tracks 194 Lassoing to Get into Segment Mode 195 Delete Segments with Segment Mode 196 Trimming in Two Directions 197 Watch Point 199 Match Frame 200 Slipping and Sliding 200 Slip ' 200 Slide 202 Media Composer and Xpress 204 J-K-L Trimming 204 Replace Media Composer and Xpress Users 208 Chapter 9 Titles 209 Opening the Title Tool 209 Choosing a Background 210 Creating Your First Title 211 Selection Tool 211 Shadows 212 Saving Titles 213

8 Contents xv Cutting Titles into Your Sequence Xpress DV RealTime Effects Button Rendering Your Titles Adjusting Your Title's Length Adding Fades to Your Title Colored Titles Blending a Title Creating Title Style Sheets Soft Shadows Glowing Titles Drawing Objects Delete Key Titles with Objects Grouping and Locking Transparency Alignment Menu Lines and Arrows Other Buttons Rolling Titles Cutting in Rolling Titles Crawling Titles Advanced Titles Chapter 10 Effects Kinds of Effects Effect Palette Applying an Effect Xpress DV RealTime Effects Button Applying More Effects Colored Dots Third-Party Plug-In Effects Effect Editor Opening the Effect Editor Effect Editing Tools Manipulating Key Frames Effect Quick Review Deleting Effects Adding Dissolves Saving an Effect as a Template Freeze Frames Motion Effects Slow Motion/Fast Motion

9 L xvi Avid Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users Reverse Motion Strobe Rendering Rendering Single Effects Rendering Multiple Effects Waiting for Effects to Render Nesting Color Correction A World of Effect Chapter 11 Saving Your Work If It's a Computer, It Will Crash Backing Up After the Crash Saving User Settings Copy User Settings to a CD or Zip Disk The Attic Retrieving a File from the Attic Deleting Bins Backing Up Media Files Batch Recording Offline Material Back Up Daily Chapter 12 Keeping in Sync Sync Problems The Source of Your Problems Sync Break Indicators Many Tracks Mean Many Sync Problems Locators Locator Information Deleting Locators Editing Tricks to Stay in Sync Trimming in Two Directions: A Review Add Edits in Black Fill Deleting Add Edits Sync Locks Locking Tracks Chapter 13 Importing and Exporting Types of Files Importing

10 Contents xvii Importing a Picture File 281 Computer versus Television 283 Aspect Ratio 283 DV Aspect Ratio and Pixels 284 Color 284 Import Options 284 File Field Order 285 Color Levels 286 Alpha 286 Single Frame 286 Import Practice 287 Creating a Photoshop File 287 Importing Audio from a CD 289 Importing Color Bars 290 Importing Other File Types 291 Exporting 292 Preparing to Export 293 Export Dialog Box 293 Exporting a Graphic Image 295 Exporting a QuickTime Movie 296 Custom Settings 298 Exporting Audio to a Digital Audio Work Station 300 Exporting Other File Types Chapter 14 16:9 Widescreen Television 305 Where the Numbers Come From 305 Standard NTSC Video Not Big Enough 305 The Root of the Format Problem 306 Your Widescreen Choices 307 Expensive 307 Less Expensive 308 Least Expensive 308 Anamorphic Photography 309 Anamorphic DV 309 Super Anamorphic Film-to-Tape Transfer 310 Super-16mm to HDTV 311 Practice Footage :9 Avid Editing :9 Titles 313 Your Finished Project 313

11 xviii Avid Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users Multiple Formats Creating a 4:3 Letterbox Version (Media Composer Only) Creating a 4:3 Letterbox Version (Xpress and Xpress DV) Creating a 4:3 Pan & Scan Version for a Standard TV Using the Resize Effect Pan & Scan Effect Go Wide Chapter 15 Script Integration Hollywood-Style Editing An Example Using Two Monitors Naming Clips Getting the Script Getting Started Linking Clips to the Script Adding Takes Changing the Slate Review Adjusting Take Lines Selecting Multiple Takes Moving Slates Deleting Takes and Slates Loading and Playing Takes The Tab Key Placing Script Marks Playing Marked Takes A Faster Way to Place Script Marks The Fastest Way Moving Script Marks Looking at Your Coverage Page and Scene Numbers Find Script Off-Screen Dialog One Take Line Only Color Lines Identifying the Preferred Take Other Menu Items Left Margin Interpolate Position Hold Slates Onscreen A Select Few Script for "Gaffer's Delight"

12 Contents xix Chapter 16 Finishing Paths to the Finish Line Room on the Media Drives Deleting Unreferenced Precomputes Checking for Space Xpress DV Users Can Skip Ahead Blowing It All Away Deleting Your Low-Resolution Media Preparing to Redigitize Your Sequence Redigitizing Your Sequence Timecode Breaks Decompose Replacing Your Audio Tracks Recreating Title Media Rendering Your Effects Checking Audio Levels Checking For Offline Media Outputting to Tape Connecting the Avid Cables to the Tape Deck Manual Recording or Crash Recording to Tape Manual Record to a DV Deck or DV Camera Manual Record to an Analog Deck (Beta SP or VHS) or Digital Deck Digital Cut Starting Sequence Timecode Insert Editing Edit Decision List (EDL) What Exactly Is an EDL? Talk to Your Online Facility Getting Started Finding the EDL Manager Saving the EDL to a Disk EDL and Audio Visual Effects Output to DVD DVD on Windows DVD on Mac Chapter 17 Finishing on Film Why Film? Film and the Avid The Film-to-Tape Transfer

13 xx Avid Editing: A Guide for Beginning and Intermediate Users Finishing on Film or Finishing on Tape Hire a Negative Cutter First The $64,000 Question The 2-3 Pull-Down It's Really Keycode and Timecode Problems with the Transfer Identifying the First Frame with a Punch Checking the Numbers Types of Timecode Work Order to Your Lab Clean Video Copy The Cut List Telecine Log File Setting Up Your Avid Logging Keycode by Hand Phantom Master Clip Sound and the Avid Nagra 4.2 Field Recording with a Timecode DAT Slowing Down the DAT during Digitizing One Bin Per Audio Tape Syncing Rushes Dupe Detection Effects Add Edits SMPTE Leader and Beep Opening the Cut List Tool "Matchback Shortened the Tail of the Clip by 1 Frame" Mix and Optical Sound Track Checking Sync It Works Next Stop, Cannes Chapter 18 Present and Future Where Do You Go From Here? Information on the Internet Getting a Job as an Avid Editor Other Avid Products Avid's Future Index DVD-ROM Instructions 407