Why we need to divide network?
|
|
- Rudolph Hudson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Content Introduction Layer 3 IP Protocol IP-Header: and RFC-760 Addressing Schemes Subnetting Routing Layer 3 Solution in Trains Communication Matrix (Information Based Communication) 53 Why we need to divide network? Network administrators sometimes need to divide networks, especially large ones, into smaller networks: Reduce the size of a broadcast domain. Improve network security. Implement the hierarchical managements. So we need more network addresses for your network. But I want the outside networks see our network as a single network. 54
2 Divide network by three 55 Subnetting Subnetworks are smaller divisions of network. Subnet addresses include the Class A, Class B, or Class C network portion, plus a subnet field and a host field. To create a subnet address, a network administrator borrows bits from the original host portion and designates them as the subnet field. Subnet addresses are assigned locally, usually by a network administrator. 56
3 Subnetting 57 Subnet mask Extended Network Prefix. Determines which part of an IP address is the network field and which part is the host field. 32 bits long. Divided into four octets. Network and Subnet portions all 1 s. Host portions all 0 s. 58
4 Default subnet mask: Example / Class C network: 24 bits for network portion. 0 bits for subnet portion. 8 bits for host portion. Subnet address: Subnet mask: Example / Class B network: 16 bits for network portion. 4 bits for subnet portion. 12 bits for host portion. Subnet address:
5 How many bits can I borrow? All of subnet bits are: 0 : reserved for network address. 1 : reserved for broadcast address. The minimum bits you can borrow is: 2 bits. The maximum bits you can borrow is: A: 22 bits ~ = subnets. B: 14 bits ~ = subnets. C: 06 bits ~ = 62 subnets. 61 Why we need to know Boolean ops? IP Address AND Subnet Mask Network layer performs the Boolean operations in order to find the network ID of a subnet Example: AND Network address: = Network and Subnet address 62
6 APR to find a MAC Address 63 Address all nodes (braodcast) Broadcasting messages are intended to be seen by every host on a network. The broadcast address is formed by using all 1s within a portion of the IP address Two kinds of broadcasts - directed broadcasts and flooded broadcasts. Broadcasts directed into a specific network/subnet are allowed and are forwarded by the router. These directed broadcasts contain all 1s in the host portion of the address. Flooded broadcasts ( ) are not propagated, but are considered local broadcasts. 64
7 Content Introduction Layer 3 IP Protocol IP-Header: and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing Layer 3 Solution in Trains Communication Matrix (Information Based Communication) 65 Routing: Forward IP-Packets Initially, a router must refer to entries about networks or subnets that are directly connected to it. Each interface must be configured with an IP address and a mask. The initial source of addressing is a user who types it into a configuration file. 66
8 Routing: types of routes 67 static routes - manually defined by the system administrator as the next hop to a destination; useful for security and traffic reduction default routes - manually defined by the system administrator as the path to take when there is no known route to the destination dynamic routing - the router learns of paths to destinations by receiving periodic updates from other routers. Default route A default network must exist in a routing table. Default routes keep routing tables shorter. When an entry for a destination network does not exist in a routing table, the packet is sent to the default network. Because a router does not have complete knowledge about all destination networks, it can use a default network number to indicate the direction to take for unknown network numbers. Use the default network number when you need to locate a route, but have only partial information about the destination network. 68
9 Different routing protocols a router can use an IP routing protocol to accomplish routing through the implementation of a specific routing algorithm. Examples of IP routing protocols include: RIP - a distance-vector routing protocol IGRP - Cisco s distancevector routing protocol OSPF - a link-state routing protocol EIGRP - a balanced hybrid routing protocol. 69 Routing: RIP RIP was originally specified in RFC Its key characteristics include the following: It is a distance-vector routing protocol. Hop count is used as the metric for path selection. The maximum allowable hop count is 15. By default, routing updates are broadcast every 30 seconds 70
10 Routing Table 71 The show ip route command displays the contents of the IP routing table, which contains entries for all known networks and subnetworks, along with a code that indicates how that information was learned. Content Introduction Layer 3 IP Protocol IP-Header: and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing Layer 3 Solution in Trains Communication Matrix (Information Based Communication) 72
11 Train Network Structure 73 Sources: IEC WTB Data-Frame 74
12 Routing in a train The network layer routes packets from an Origin station to a Final station. To this effect, the network layer uses the mapping provided by several directories: a) the station directory, b) the function directory, c) the group directory, and d) the node directory. The network layer is connectionless. 75 Network-Layer / Routing 76
13 Routing Situations 77 Frame Structure 78
14 Frame Structure 79 Content Introduction Layer 3 IP Protocol IP-Header: and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing Layer 3 Solution in Trains Communication Matrix (Information Based Communication) 80
Introduction Layer 3. IP-Header: and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing. Layer 3 Solution in Trains
Chapter 2.3 Layer 3 Network Layer 1 Content Introduction Layer 3 IP Protocol IP-Header: www.ietf.org and RFC-760 Addressing schemes Subnetting Routing Layer 3 Solution in Trains Communication Matrix (Information
More informationBTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma
BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma Unit 9 Computer Network Routing and Routing Protocols BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma Introduction to Routing Routing is the process that a router uses to forward packets toward
More informationChapter 8: Subnetting IP networks. Introduction to Networks v5.1
Chapter 8: Subnetting IP networks Introduction to Networks v5.1 8.0 Introduction 8.1 Subnetting an IPv4 Network 8.2 Addressing Schemes 8.3 Design Considerations for IPv6 8.4 Summary 2013 Cisco and/or its
More informationLinux System Administration
IP Addressing Subnetting Objective At the conclusion of this module, the student will be able to: Describe how packets are routed from one network to another Describe the parts and classes of IPv4 address
More informationIP Addressing and Subnetting
IP Addressing and Subnetting Internet Layer The purpose of the Internet layer is to send packets from a network node and have them arrive at the destination node independent of the path taken. Internet
More informationshortcut Tap into learning NOW! Visit for a complete list of Short Cuts. Your Short Cut to Knowledge
shortcut Your Short Cut to Knowledge The following is an excerpt from a Short Cut published by one of the Pearson Education imprints. Short Cuts are short, concise, PDF documents designed specifically
More informationTHE OSI MODEL. Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data-Link Physical. OSI Model. Chapter 1 Review.
THE OSI MODEL Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data-Link Physical OSI Model Chapter 1 Review By: Allan Johnson Table of Contents Go There! Go There! Go There! Go There! Go There! Go There!
More informationTop-Down Network Design, Ch. 7: Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols. Top-Down Network Design. Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Copyright 2010 Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer 1 Switching 2 Page 1 Objectives MAC address table Describe the features
More informationNetwork Layer Week 5. Module : Computer Networks Lecturer: Lucy White Office : 324
Network Layer Week 5 Module : Computer Networks Lecturer: Lucy White lbwhite@wit.ie Office : 324 1 Network Layer Network Layer Protocols Common Network Layer Protocols Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)
More informationChapter 7 Routing Protocols
Chapter 7 Routing Protocols Nonroutable Protocols In the early days of networking, networks were small collections of computers linked together For the purposes of sharing information and expensive peripherals
More informationRouting Fundamentals. What Is Routing? Routing Information. Routing Requirements. Most of the necessary information is contained in the routing table
Routing Fundamentals What Is Routing? Routing is the process of forwarding an item from one location to another Routers forward traffic to a logical destination in a computer network Routers perform two
More informationCopyright 2011 Sakun Sharma
Communication at Network Layer (Layer 3) Network layer is layer 3 of OSI Model. Network layer adds support of connecting multiple networks with each other. Network layer uses its own unique addressing
More informationOSI Network Layer. Chapter 5
OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most common Network
More informationSEMESTER 1 Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer V What services does the network layer provide?
SEMESTER 1 Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer V 4.0 5.1.1.1 What services does the network layer provide? What are the 4 basic processes used at the network layer? What is the PDU of the network layer? What information
More informationRouting Protocols and
Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocol Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 3 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network
More informationNetwork Technologies. Unit 5, Chapter 8 Switching and Routing. Cisco Learning Institute Network+ Fundamentals and Certification
Network Technologies Unit 5, Chapter 8 Switching and Routing Cisco Learning Institute Network+ Fundamentals and Certification Copyright 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
More informationPlanning for Information Network
Planning for Information Network Lecture 8: Network Routing Protocols Assistant Teacher Samraa Adnan Al-Asadi 1 Routing protocol features There are many ways to characterize routing protocols, including
More informationRouting, Routing Algorithms & Protocols
Routing, Routing Algorithms & Protocols Computer Networks Lecture 6 http://goo.gl/pze5o8 Circuit-Switched and Packet-Switched WANs 2 Circuit-Switched Networks Older (evolved from telephone networks), a
More informationIntroduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols
Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network design. Identify several ways to classify
More informationRIP Version 2. The Classless Brother
RIP Version 2 The Classless Brother (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 1 Why RIPv2 Need for subnet information and VLSM Need for Next Hop addresses for each route entry Need for external route tags Need for multicast
More informationChapter 4: VLSM and Classless Inter Domain Routing. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4: VLSM and Classless Inter Domain Routing 1 What will we Learn from chapter 4? Compare and contrast classful and classless IP addressing. Review VLSM and explain the benefits of classless IP addressing.
More informationEIGRP Features and Operation
EIGRP Features and Operation Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) is a classless, enhanced distance-vector protocol. EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary protocol. EIGRP includes the subnet mask in its route updates. And as
More informationTop-Down Network Design
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Original slides by Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer Selection Criteria for Switching and Routing Protocols Network traffic
More informationSEMESTER 2 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols V 4.0
SEMESTER 2 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols V 4.0 3.1.1 What are the four routing RIP, RIPv2, EIGRP, OSPFv2 protocols that are the focus of this course? 3.1.1.2 What are routing protocols?
More informationIntroduction to OSPF
Introduction to OSPF ISP/IXP Workshops ISP/IXP Workshops 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. 1 OSPF Dynamic Routing Protocol Link State technology Runs over IP, protocol 89 Designed by IETF for TCP/IP Supports VLSM
More informationChapter 9: Subnetting IP Networks
Chapter 9: Subnetting IP Networks Network Segmentation Reasons for Subnetting Subnetting is the process of segmenting a network into multiple smaller network spaces called subnetworks or subnets. The purpose
More informationCampus Networking Workshop CIS 399. Core Network Design
Campus Networking Workshop CIS 399 Core Network Design Routing Architectures Where do we route? At the point where we want to limit our layer-2 broadcast domain At your IP subnet boundary We can create
More informationPresentation On Routing Protocol
Presentation On Routing Protocol By Muhammad Siddiqui ISNM2003 28th Jan 2004 Networks A computer network that spans a relatively large geographical area. Typically, a WAN consists of two or more local-area
More informationLab 5.6.2: Challenge RIP Configuration
Topology Diagram Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway BRANCH HQ ISP PC1 PC2 PC3 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Fa0/0 S0/0/1 NIC NIC NIC Learning Objectives Upon completion
More informationCN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 5 OSI MODEL NETWORK LAYER
CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 5 OSI MODEL NETWORK LAYER Network Layer Network layer manages options pertaining to host and network addressing, managing subnetworks, and internetworking.
More informationChapter 3. Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols. CCNA2-1 Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols CCNA2-1 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols CCNA2-2 Chapter 3 Perspective and Background Dynamic
More informationChapter 6 Addressing the Network- IPv4
Chapter 6 Addressing the Network- IPv4 Objectives Explain the structure IP addressing and demonstrate the ability to convert between 8- bit binary and decimal numbers. Given an IPv4 address, classify by
More informationInterconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1
ICND1 Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 Volume 2 Version 1.0 Student Guide Editorial, Production, and Web Services: 07.25.07 DISCLAIMER WARRANTY: THIS CONTENT IS BEING PROVIDED AS IS. CISCO
More informationIntroduction to OSPF OSPF. Link State Routing. Link State. Fast Convergence. Low Bandwidth Utilisation
Introduction to OSPF ISP/IP Workshops OSPF Open Shortest Path First Link state or SPF technology Developed by OSPF working group of IETF (RFC 47) Designed for TCP/IP Internet environment Fast convergence
More informationAl-Mustansiriyah University Fourth Year ( )
What subnet and broadcast address is IP address 172.16.10.33, 255.255.255.224 (/27) a member of? Answer: The interesting octet is the fourth octet. 256-224=32 block size. Because 32+32=64 and 33 is between
More informationChapter 2 Review Questions
Chapter 2 Review Questions The following questions are designed to test your understanding of this chapter s material. For more information on how to get additional questions, please see www.lammle.com/ccn
More informationInternet Protocols (chapter 18)
Internet Protocols (chapter 18) CSE 3213 Fall 2011 Internetworking Terms 1 TCP/IP Concepts Connectionless Operation Internetworking involves connectionless operation at the level of the Internet Protocol
More informationChapter 8: Subnetting IP Networks CCENT Routing and Switching Introduction to Networks v6.0
Chapter 8: Subnetting IP Networks CCENT Routing and Switching Introduction to Networks v6.0 CCNET v6 13 Chapter 8 - Sections & Objectives 8.1 Subnetting an IPv4 Network Explain how subnetting segments
More informationChapter 6 Reading Organizer
Name Date Chapter 6 Reading Organizer After completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Describe and plan a network using OSPF Design and configure a network using single-area OSPF Work with multi-protocol
More informationIP Protocols. ALTTC/Oct
IP Protocols Internet or IP technology over the years has emerged as the most prominent data communication technology. TCP/IP protocol has become de-facto data comm standard throughout the world. It can
More informationDistance Vector Routing Protocols
Distance Vector Routing Protocols Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 4 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the characteristics of distance vector routing protocols. Describe the network discovery process
More informationCHAPTER 4: ROUTING DYNAMIC. Routing & Switching
CHAPTER 4: ROUTING DYNAMIC Routing & Switching CHAPTER4 4.1 Dynamic Routing Protocols 4.2 Distance Vector Dynamic Routing 4.3 RIP and RIPng Routing 4.4 Link-State Dynamic Routing 4.5 The Routing Table
More informationCCE1030 Computer Networking
CCE1030 Computer Networking Lecture 19 Subnetting CIDR / VLSM Usama Arusi January 2018 CCE1030 Usama Arusi 1 Lecture Content Introduction Classful IP Addressing Classful Addressing Structure Classless
More informationChapter 6. Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) CCNA2-1 Chapter 6
Chapter 6 Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) CCNA2-1 Chapter 6 VLSM and CIDR Classful and Classless Addressing CCNA2-2 Chapter 6 Classful and Classless Routing
More informationHow to Choose the Best Router Switching Path for Your Network
How to Choose the Best Router Switching Path for Your Network Document ID: 13706 Contents Introduction Process Switching Interrupt Context Switching Fast Switching Optimum Switching Cisco Express Forwarding
More informationIntroduction to IP Routing. Geoff Huston
Introduction to IP Routing Geoff Huston Routing How do packets get from A to B in the Internet? A Internet B Connectionless Forwarding Each router (switch) makes a LOCAL decision to forward the packet
More informationLab 8 (IP Addressing)
Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of engineering Computer Department. Computer Network Lab ECOM 4121 Prepared by : Eng. Eman Al- Kurdi Lab 8 (IP Addressing) Introduction: Each device on a network must
More informationChapter 7: Routing Dynamically. Routing & Switching
Chapter 7: Routing Dynamically Routing & Switching The Evolution of Dynamic Routing Protocols Dynamic routing protocols used in networks since the late 1980s Newer versions support the communication based
More informationCCENT Study Guide. Chapter 9 IP Routing
CCENT Study Guide Chapter 9 IP Routing Chapter 9 Objectives The CCENT Topics Covered in this chapter include: 3.0 Routing Technologies 3.1 Describe the routing concepts. 3.1.a Packet handling along the
More informationRouting Information Protocol. A simple distance vector scheme
Routing Information Protocol A simple distance vector scheme RIP version 1 RFC 1058 Charles Hedrick, Rutgers University, 1988 Based on Bellman-Ford distance vector Also used as ARPANET routing protocol
More informationRouting Basics ISP/IXP Workshops
Routing Basics ISP/IXP Workshops 1 Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 2 IPv4 Internet uses IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long range from 1.0.0.0 to
More informationRouting Information Protocol
Routing Information Protocol A simple distance vector scheme dr. C. P. J. Koymans Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam February 24, 2008 dr. C. P. J. Koymans (UvA) Routing Information Protocol
More informationOSI Network Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 5. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device. Examine the most
More informationRouting Overview for Firepower Threat Defense
Path Determination This chapter describes underlying concepts of how routing behaves within the Cisco Firepower Threat Defense, and the routing protocols that are supported. Routing is the act of moving
More informationThe most simple way to accelerate a Router is at 9.8 m/sec/sec.
Routing Introduction Direct vs. Indirect Delivery Static vs. Dynamic Routing Distance Vector vs. Link State (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 The most simple way to accelerate a Router is at 9.8 m/sec/sec. Seen
More informationTCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu
TCP /IP Fundamentals Mr. Cantu OSI Model and TCP/IP Model Comparison TCP / IP Protocols (Application Layer) The TCP/IP subprotocols listed in this layer are services that support a number of network functions:
More informationFinal exam study Guide
Final exam study Guide K-1A * In relationship to the OSI layer model and encapsulation/decapsulation process, what happen to a packet that travels through multiple hops of routers? - What happen to the
More informationCIS 83 Midterm Spring 2004 Answer Sheet Name Score Grade Question Answer Question Answer
CIS 83 Midterm Spring 2004 Answer Sheet Name: Score: Grade: Question Answer Question Answer 1 A B C D E F 51 A B C D E F 2 A B C D E F 52 A B C D E F 3 A B C D E F 53 A B C D E F 4 A B C D E F 54 A B C
More informationRouting Basics ISP/IXP Workshops
Routing Basics ISP/IXP Workshops 1 Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 2 IPv4 Internet uses IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long range from 1.0.0.0 to
More informationRouting in the Internet
Routing in the Internet Daniel Zappala CS 460 Computer Networking Brigham Young University Scaling Routing for the Internet 2/29 scale 200 million destinations - can t store all destinations or all prefixes
More informationConfiguring IPv4 Addresses
This chapter contains information about, and instructions for configuring IPv4 addresses on interfaces that are part of a networking device. Note All further references to IPv4 addresses in this document
More informationCS 43: Computer Networks Internet Routing. Kevin Webb Swarthmore College November 16, 2017
CS 43: Computer Networks Internet Routing Kevin Webb Swarthmore College November 16, 2017 1 Hierarchical routing Our routing study thus far - idealization all routers identical network flat not true in
More informationIP Addressing - Subnetting
IP Addressing - Subnetting The Two Parts of an IP Address 32 Bits Prefix Host Prefix Length IP Address Classes Classes are now considered obsolete But you have to learn them because Everyone in the industry
More informationThe identifier used in the IP layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite to identify each device connected to the Internet is called the Internet address or
CBCN4103 The identifier used in the IP layer of the TCP/IP protocol suite to identify each device connected to the Internet is called the Internet address or IP address. An IP address is a 32-bit address
More informationDetermining IP Routes. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 9-1
Determining IP Routes, Cisco Systems, Inc. 9- Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to complete the following tasks: Distinguish the use and operation of static and dynamic routes
More informationChapter 4: Routing Concepts. Routing & Switching
Chapter 4: Routing Concepts Routing & Switching Routers are Computers Routers are specialized computers containing the following required components to operate: Central processing unit (CPU) Operating
More informationRouting Information Protocol. RIP application. RIP version 1
Routing Information Protocol A simple distance vector scheme dr. C. P. J. Koymans Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam (version 1.1, 2010/02/19 12:38:50) Wednesday, February 24, 2010 RIP version
More informationCCNA Questions/Answers Routing Protocols
Refer to the exhibit and configuration shown above. Routers R1 and R2 are properly configured with eigrp 976 protocol and are able to ping interfaces fa0/1 and fa0/2, respectively. Which commands are necessary
More informationOpen Shortest Path First (OSPF)
CHAPTER 42 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Background Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol developed for Internet Protocol (IP) networks by the interior gateway protocol (IGP) working
More informationInterplay Between Routing, Forwarding
Internet Routing 1 Interplay Between Routing, Forwarding routing algorithm local forwarding table header value output link 0100 0101 0111 1001 3 1 value in arriving packet s header 0111 3 1 Graph Abstraction
More informationRouting Basics. Routing Concepts. IPv4. IPv4 address format. A day in a life of a router. What does a router do? IPv4 Routing
Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Routing Basics ISP/IXP Workshops Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 1 2 IPv4 IPv4 address format Internet uses IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long range
More informationINTERNET TEACHING LAB: Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) LAB
INTERNET TEACHING LAB: Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) LAB Overview In this lab, we will explore some common interior gateway protocols - RIP version 1 (Routing Information Protocol) - OSPF (Open Shortest
More informationInternet Routing Protocols Tuba Saltürk
Internet Routing Protocols 15505068 Tuba Saltürk Outline Internet Routers Routing Protocol Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) Distance- Vector Routing Protocol Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Interior
More informationCisco Building Scaleable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI) Practice Test. Version https://certkill.com
Cisco 642-901 642-901 Building Scaleable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI) Practice Test Version 2.12 QUESTION NO: 1 Cisco 642-901: Practice Exam A company has a BGP network and a BGP route of 196.27.125.0/24
More informationBack to basics J. Addressing is the key! Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Transport. Transport (TCP/UDP) Internet (IPv4/IPv6)
Routing Basics Back to basics J Application Presentation Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Data Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Session Transport Transport (TCP/UDP) E2E connectivity (app-to-app) Port numbers
More informationIntroduction to OSPF
Introduction to OSPF ISP/IXP Workshops ISP/IXP Workshops 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. 1 Agenda OSPF Primer OSPF in Service Provider Networks OSPF BCP - Adding Networks OSPF Command Summary 2 OSPF Primer 3
More informationBorder Gateway Protocol
39 CHAPTER Chapter Goals Understand the purpose of the. Explain BGP attributes and their use in route selection. Examine the BGP route selection process. Introduction The (BGP) is an interautonomous system
More informationIntroduction to Routing and Packet Forwarding
Introduction to Routing and Packet Forwarding Routing Protocols and Concepts 1 Objectives Identify a router as a computer with an OS and hardware designed for the routing process. Demonstrate the ability
More informationRouting Overview. Information About Routing CHAPTER
21 CHAPTER This chapter describes underlying concepts of how routing behaves within the ASA, and the routing protocols that are supported. This chapter includes the following sections: Information About
More informationCCNA IP ROUTING. Revision no.: PPT/2K605/03
CCNA 640-801 IP ROUTING Revision no.: PPT/2K605/03 Routing Basics The term routing is used for taking a packet from one device and sending it through the network to another device on a different network.
More informationCS 43: Computer Networks. 24: Internet Routing November 19, 2018
CS 43: Computer Networks 24: Internet Routing November 19, 2018 Last Class Link State + Fast convergence (reacts to events quickly) + Small window of inconsistency Distance Vector + + Distributed (small
More informationLab 9.6.2: Challenge EIGRP Configuration Lab
Topology Diagram Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway HQ BRANCH1 BRANCH2 PC1 PC2 PC3 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Lo1 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 NIC NIC NIC All
More informationWhy dynamic route? (1)
Routing Why dynamic route? (1) Static route is ok only when Network is small There is a single connection point to other network No redundant route 2 Why dynamic route? (2) Dynamic Routing Routers update
More informationIntroduction to Routing
1 Introduction to Routing Session 2 Presentation_ID.scr 1 Agenda Addressing Concepts Routing Protocols Statics and Defaults 3 ISO OSI Reference Model Routing Information Protocol (RIP and RIPv2) L7 L6
More informationIntroduction to OSPF
Introduction to OSPF 1 OSPF Open Shortest Path First Link state or SPF technology Developed by OSPF working group of IETF (RFC 1247) OSPFv2 standard described in RFC2328 Designed for: TCP/IP environment
More informationChapter 5 RIP version 1
Cisco CCNA 2 Exploration - Routing Chapter 5 RIP version 1 João José jjose@ualg.pt http://w3.ualg.pt/~jjose/cisco/ Based on: Graziani, R. (2008) CIS 82 Routing Theory and Concepts RIPv1: A Distance Vector,
More informationSEN366 (SEN374) (Introduction to) Computer Networks
SEN366 (SEN374) (Introduction to) Computer Networks Prof. Dr. Hasan Hüseyin BALIK (12 th Week) The Internet Protocol 12.Outline Principles of Internetworking Internet Protocol Operation Internet Protocol
More informationInter-networking. Problem. 3&4-Internetworking.key - September 20, LAN s are great but. We want to connect them together. ...
1 Inter-networking COS 460 & 540 2 Problem 3 LAN s are great but We want to connect them together...across the world Inter-networking 4 Internet Protocol (IP) Routing The Internet Multicast* Multi-protocol
More informationRouting Overview. Path Determination
This chapter describes underlying concepts of how routing behaves within the Cisco ASA, and the routing protocols that are supported. Routing is the act of moving information across a network from a source
More informationASA Has High CPU Usage Due to a Traffic Loop When VPN Clients Disconnect
ASA Has High CPU Usage Due to a Traffic Loop When VPN Clients Disconnect Contents Introduction Prerequisites Requirements Components Used Background Information Problem: Packets Destined for a Disconnected
More informationIntroduction to routing in the Internet
Introduction to routing in the Internet Internet architecture IPv4, ICMP, ARP Addressing, routing principles (Chapters 2 3 in Huitema) Internet-1 Internet Architecture Principles End-to-end principle by
More informationBuilding the Routing Table. Introducing the Routing Table Directly Connected Networks Static Routing Dynamic Routing Routing Table Principles
Building the Routing Table Introducing the Routing Table Directly Connected Networks Static Routing Dynamic Routing Routing Table Principles Introducing the Routing Table R1# show ip route Codes: C - connected,
More informationFinish Network Layer Start Transport Layer. CS158a Chris Pollett Apr 25, 2007.
Finish Network Layer Start Transport Layer CS158a Chris Pollett Apr 25, 2007. Outline OSPF BGP IPv6 Transport Layer Services Sockets Example Socket Program OSPF We now look at routing in the internet.
More informationIntroduction to Local and Wide Area Networks
Introduction to Local and Wide Area Networks Lecturers Amnach Khawne Jirasak Sittigorn Chapter 1 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 4 : Distance Vector Routing Protocols Chapter 5 : RIP version 1
More informationHow to Choose the Best Router Switching Path for
How to Choose the Best Router Switching Path for Your Network Contents Introduction Process Switching Interrupt Context Switching Fast Switching Optimum Switching Cisco Express Forwarding Which Switching
More informationChapter 18. Introduction to Network Layer
Chapter 18. Introduction to Network Layer 18.1 Network Layer Services 18.2 Packet Switching 18.3 Network Layer Performance 18.4 IPv4 Addresses 18.5 Forwarding of IP Packets Computer Networks 18-1 Communication
More informationIT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 8: Chapter 8 The Internet Protocol (IP)
IT220 Network Standards & Protocols Unit 8: Chapter 8 The Internet Protocol (IP) IT220 Network Standards & Protocols REMINDER Student Evaluations 4 Objectives Identify the major needs and stakeholders
More informationTwo types of routing protocols are used in internetworks: interior gateway protocols (IGPs) and exterior gateway protocols (EGPs).
Introduction Dynamic routing is when protocols are used to find networks and update routing tables on routers. True, this is easier than using static or default routing, but it ll cost you in terms of
More informationCourse Routing Classification Properties Routing Protocols 1/39
Course 8 3. Routing Classification Properties Routing Protocols 1/39 Routing Algorithms Types Static versus dynamic Single-path versus multipath Flat versus hierarchical Host-intelligent versus router-intelligent
More informationRouting Protocols of IGP. Koji OKAMURA Kyushu University, Japan
Routing Protocols of IGP Koji OKAMURA Kyushu University, Japan Routing Protocol AS (Autonomous System) Is operated autonomous in the organization. 6bit IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) Routing Control inside
More information