Basic Concepts In Computer Networking
|
|
|
- Peter Atkins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Basic Concepts In Computer Networking Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano March 11, 2005
2 Outline What is the Internet? Types of network Types of service Protocols The Internet protocol stack
3 What is the Internet? Internet
4 What is the Internet? Internet
5 What is the Internet? Internet
6 What is the Internet? Internet
7 What is the Internet? Internet end system or host
8 End Systems end system or host ( )
9 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer
10 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer)
11 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer) a camera (a.k.a., webcam)
12 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer) a camera (a.k.a., webcam) a temperature sensor
13 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer) a camera (a.k.a., webcam) a temperature sensor a cell phone
14 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer) a camera (a.k.a., webcam) a temperature sensor a cell phone a PDA
15 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer) a camera (a.k.a., webcam) a temperature sensor a cell phone a PDA... a car a television set a picture frame a toaster...
16 End Systems end system or host ( ) a computer a server (well, that would also be a computer) a camera (a.k.a., webcam) a temperature sensor a cell phone a PDA... a car a television set a picture frame a toaster... a toilet seat? a toothpick?...
17 What is Inside the Internet?
18 What is Inside the Internet?
19 What is Inside the Internet? packet switch local-area network
20 What is Inside the Internet? packet switch local-area network
21 Basic Concepts The Internet uses packet switching
22 Basic Concepts The Internet uses packet switching Packet switch: a link-layer switch or a router
23 Basic Concepts The Internet uses packet switching Packet switch: a link-layer switch or a router Route: sequence of switches that a packet goes through (a.k.a. path)
24 Basic Concepts The Internet uses packet switching Packet switch: a link-layer switch or a router Route: sequence of switches that a packet goes through (a.k.a. path) Protocol: control the sending and receiving of information to and from end systems and packet switches
25 Packet Switching The Internet is a packet-switched network
26 Packet Switching The Internet is a packet-switched network Information is transmitted in packets
27 Packet Switching The Internet is a packet-switched network Information is transmitted in packets Switches operate on an individual packet
28 Packet Switching The Internet is a packet-switched network Information is transmitted in packets Switches operate on an individual packet A switch (router) receives packets and forwards them along to other switches or to end systems
29 Packet Switching The Internet is a packet-switched network Information is transmitted in packets Switches operate on an individual packet A switch (router) receives packets and forwards them along to other switches or to end systems Every forwarding decision is done on the basis of the information contained in the packet
30 Circuit Switching
31 Circuit Switching
32 Circuit Switching The telephone network is a typical circuit-switched network
33 Circuit Switching The telephone network is a typical circuit-switched network Communication requires a connection setup phase in which the network reserves all the necessary resources for that connection (links, buffers, switches, etc.)
34 Circuit Switching The telephone network is a typical circuit-switched network Communication requires a connection setup phase in which the network reserves all the necessary resources for that connection (links, buffers, switches, etc.) After a successful setup, the communicating systems are connected by a set of links that are dedicated to their connection for the entire duration of their conversation
35 Circuit Switching The telephone network is a typical circuit-switched network Communication requires a connection setup phase in which the network reserves all the necessary resources for that connection (links, buffers, switches, etc.) After a successful setup, the communicating systems are connected by a set of links that are dedicated to their connection for the entire duration of their conversation When the conversation ends, the network tears down the connection, freeing the corresponding resources (links, buffers, etc.) for other connections
36 Circuit vs. Packet Switching
37 Circuit vs. Packet Switching Circuit switching requires an expensive setup phase. On the other hand, once the connection is established, circuit switching is much more efficient in both space overhead and processing
38 Circuit vs. Packet Switching Circuit switching requires an expensive setup phase. On the other hand, once the connection is established, circuit switching is much more efficient in both space overhead and processing Packet switching does not incur any setup cost. However, it always incurs a significant processing cost for forwarding, as well as space overhead, because every packet must be self-contained
39 Circuit vs. Packet Switching Circuit switching requires an expensive setup phase. On the other hand, once the connection is established, circuit switching is much more efficient in both space overhead and processing Packet switching does not incur any setup cost. However, it always incurs a significant processing cost for forwarding, as well as space overhead, because every packet must be self-contained Circuit switching admits a straightforward implementation of quality-of-service guarantees, because network resources are reserved at connection setup time
40 Circuit vs. Packet Switching Circuit switching requires an expensive setup phase. On the other hand, once the connection is established, circuit switching is much more efficient in both space overhead and processing Packet switching does not incur any setup cost. However, it always incurs a significant processing cost for forwarding, as well as space overhead, because every packet must be self-contained Circuit switching admits a straightforward implementation of quality-of-service guarantees, because network resources are reserved at connection setup time Guaranteeing any quality of service with packet switching is very difficult
41 Circuit vs. Packet Switching (2) Circuit switching allows only a limited sharing of communication resources. In other words, circuit switching is an inefficient way to use the network
42 Circuit vs. Packet Switching (2) Circuit switching allows only a limited sharing of communication resources. In other words, circuit switching is an inefficient way to use the network Packet switching achieves a much better utilization of network resources, because it is designed specifically to share links (buffers, etc.)
43 Virtual Circuits Idea: combine the advantages of circuit switching and packet switching
44 Virtual Circuits Idea: combine the advantages of circuit switching and packet switching The service model is connection oriented, and therefore requires a connection setup phase
45 Virtual Circuits Idea: combine the advantages of circuit switching and packet switching The service model is connection oriented, and therefore requires a connection setup phase The connection does not create a physical circuit, but rather a virtual circuit
46 Virtual Circuits Idea: combine the advantages of circuit switching and packet switching The service model is connection oriented, and therefore requires a connection setup phase The connection does not create a physical circuit, but rather a virtual circuit Information is sent in packets, so links can be shared more effectively
47 Virtual Circuits Idea: combine the advantages of circuit switching and packet switching The service model is connection oriented, and therefore requires a connection setup phase The connection does not create a physical circuit, but rather a virtual circuit Information is sent in packets, so links can be shared more effectively Packets carry a virtual circuit identifiers, which allow very fast processing (forwarding) and incur a space low-overhead
48 Taxonomy of Networks communication network circuit switching packet switching time division multiplexing frequency division multiplexing virtual circuit datagram network
49 Service Perspective packet switch local-area network
50 Service Perspective packet switch local-area network What kind of service does the Internet offer to end systems?
51 Type of Service Two end systems can communicate through the Internet, but exactly what kind of communication service is that of the Internet?
52 Type of Service Two end systems can communicate through the Internet, but exactly what kind of communication service is that of the Internet? Connection-oriented reliable virtual duplex communication channel (A B) conceptually similar to a telephone service information is transmitted reliably and in order
53 Type of Service Two end systems can communicate through the Internet, but exactly what kind of communication service is that of the Internet? Connection-oriented reliable virtual duplex communication channel (A B) conceptually similar to a telephone service information is transmitted reliably and in order Connectionless unreliable the network accepts datagrams for delivery this is conceptually similar to the postal service unreliable service (a.k.a. best effort )
54 Type of Service (2) How reliable is a reliable service?
55 Type of Service (2) How reliable is a reliable service? The term reliable means that information will eventually reach its destination if a route is viable within a certain amount of time.
56 Type of Service (2) How reliable is a reliable service? The term reliable means that information will eventually reach its destination if a route is viable within a certain amount of time. The network makes absolutely no guarantees on latency (i.e., the time it takes to transmit some information from a source to a destination)
57 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol?
58 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol? E.g., let s consider a phone call: Alice calls Bob Alice hello Bob
59 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol? E.g., let s consider a phone call: Alice calls Bob Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice
60 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol? E.g., let s consider a phone call: Alice calls Bob Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up?
61 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol? E.g., let s consider a phone call: Alice calls Bob Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up? bla, bla...
62 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol? E.g., let s consider a phone call: Alice calls Bob Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up? bla, bla... okay, bye
63 Communication Protocols End systems as well as packet switches run protocols. What is a protocol? E.g., let s consider a phone call: Alice calls Bob Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up? bla, bla... okay, bye bye
64 Communication Protocols Phases of the protocol handshake establishes the identity and/or the context for a conversation conversation free-form exchange closing terminates the conversation
65 Communication Protocols Phases of the protocol handshake establishes the identity and/or the context for a conversation conversation free-form exchange closing terminates the conversation This protocol assumes a connection-oriented medium The protocol involves two parties (Alice and Bob)...
66 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control
67 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading 2-7-0
68 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United 971
69 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at
70 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at
71 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at
72 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye
73 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye... Center, request, Delta 800
74 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye... Center, request, Delta United 971, climb and maintain flight level 3-7-0
75 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye... Center, request, Delta United 971, climb and maintain flight level flight level 3-7-0, United 971
76 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye... Center, request, Delta United 971, climb and maintain flight level flight level 3-7-0, United Delta 800, go ahead
77 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye... Center, request, Delta United 971, climb and maintain flight level flight level 3-7-0, United Delta 800, go ahead requesting flight level 3-5-0, Delta 800
78 Communication Protocols (2) Another example: air traffic control... United 971, turn left heading left to 2-7-0, United Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at Alitalia 631, contact Malpensa approach at point 2-0, Alitalia 631, goodbye... Center, request, Delta United 971, climb and maintain flight level flight level 3-7-0, United Delta 800, go ahead requesting flight level 3-5-0, Delta 800 Delta 800, unable at the moment
79 Communication Protocols (2)
80 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol
81 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol Multi-party communication
82 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol Multi-party communication Medium access control (MAC) protocol
83 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol Multi-party communication Medium access control (MAC) protocol Interleaved communication
84 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol Multi-party communication Medium access control (MAC) protocol Interleaved communication Acknowledgements
85 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol Multi-party communication Medium access control (MAC) protocol Interleaved communication Acknowledgements Timeout and retransmission
86 Communication Protocols (2) A connectionless protocol Multi-party communication Medium access control (MAC) protocol Interleaved communication Acknowledgements Timeout and retransmission Master role
87 Communication Protocols (3) Let s revisit the phone-call protocol Alice Bob
88 Communication Protocols (3) Let s revisit the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob
89 Communication Protocols (3) Let s revisit the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice
90 Communication Protocols (3) Let s revisit the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice who?
91 Communication Protocols (3) Let s revisit the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice who? sorry, wrong number
92 Communication Protocols (4) Another run of the phone-call protocol Alice Bob
93 Communication Protocols (4) Another run of the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob
94 Communication Protocols (4) Another run of the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob hello?
95 Communication Protocols (4) Another run of the phone-call protocol Alice hello Bob hello? anybody there?
96 Communication Protocols: Principles A protocol is a lot like a program in fact, it is a distributed program, where different processes can send messages to each other
97 Communication Protocols: Principles A protocol is a lot like a program in fact, it is a distributed program, where different processes can send messages to each other It is an executable specification
98 Communication Protocols: Principles A protocol is a lot like a program in fact, it is a distributed program, where different processes can send messages to each other It is an executable specification It must be unambiguous
99 Communication Protocols: Principles A protocol is a lot like a program in fact, it is a distributed program, where different processes can send messages to each other It is an executable specification It must be unambiguous It must be complete i.e., it must include actions and/or responses for all possible situations and all possible messages
100 Communication Protocols: Principles A protocol is a lot like a program in fact, it is a distributed program, where different processes can send messages to each other It is an executable specification It must be unambiguous It must be complete i.e., it must include actions and/or responses for all possible situations and all possible messages A network protocol must also define all the necessary message formats
101 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner
102 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner Alice how about pizza? Bob
103 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner Alice how about pizza? Bob we did that already
104 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner Alice how about pizza? Bob we did that already okay, you decide
105 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner Alice how about pizza? Bob we did that already okay, you decide uhm... er...
106 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner Alice how about pizza? Bob we did that already okay, you decide uhm... er... so?
107 Communication Protocols (5) Another protocol: deciding where to go for dinner Alice how about pizza? Bob we did that already okay, you decide uhm... er... so? let s just do pizza
108 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner
109 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner Alice hello Bob
110 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice
111 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up?
112 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up? what to do for dinner?...
113 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up? what to do for dinner?... okay, bye
114 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner Alice hello Bob hello, this is Alice Alice, what s up? what to do for dinner?... okay, bye bye
115 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner
116 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner phone call protocol
117 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner dinner protocol phone call protocol
118 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner dinner protocol phone call protocol call setup
119 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner dinner protocol phone call protocol call setup voice over IP
120 Protocol Layering Alice calls Bob to decide where to go for dinner dinner protocol phone call protocol call setup voice over IP...
121 Internet Protocol Stack
122 Internet Protocol Stack application
123 Internet Protocol Stack application transport
124 Internet Protocol Stack application transport network
125 Internet Protocol Stack application transport network link
126 Internet Protocol Stack application transport network link physical
127 Internet Protocol Stack (2) Application (e.g., HTTP, SMTP, and DNS) application functionalities application messages
128 Internet Protocol Stack (2) Application (e.g., HTTP, SMTP, and DNS) application functionalities application messages Transport (e.g., TCP and UDP) application multiplexing, reliable transfer (TCP), congestion control (TCP) datagrams (UDP) or segments (TCP)
129 Internet Protocol Stack (2) Application (e.g., HTTP, SMTP, and DNS) application functionalities application messages Transport (e.g., TCP and UDP) application multiplexing, reliable transfer (TCP), congestion control (TCP) datagrams (UDP) or segments (TCP) Network (IP) end to end datagram, best-effort service, routing, fragmentation packets (IP)
130 Internet Protocol Stack (2) Application (e.g., HTTP, SMTP, and DNS) application functionalities application messages Transport (e.g., TCP and UDP) application multiplexing, reliable transfer (TCP), congestion control (TCP) datagrams (UDP) or segments (TCP) Network (IP) end to end datagram, best-effort service, routing, fragmentation packets (IP) Link (e.g., Ethernet and PPP) point-to-point or local broadcast communication frames (or packets)
131 Internet Protocol Stack (2) Application (e.g., HTTP, SMTP, and DNS) application functionalities application messages Transport (e.g., TCP and UDP) application multiplexing, reliable transfer (TCP), congestion control (TCP) datagrams (UDP) or segments (TCP) Network (IP) end to end datagram, best-effort service, routing, fragmentation packets (IP) Link (e.g., Ethernet and PPP) point-to-point or local broadcast communication frames (or packets) Physical
Basic Concepts In Computer Networking
Basic Concepts In Computer Networking Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics Università della Svizzera italiana September 22, 2017 Goal of this Lecture Understand what packet switching is Understand
Internet Routing. Review of Networking Principles. What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view. Communication links
Internet Routing Review of Networking Principles 1 What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view Millions of connected computing devices: hosts, end-systems PC s workstations, servers PDA s, phones, toasters
Internet Routing. Review of Networking Principles
Internet Routing Review of Networking Principles 1 What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view Millions of connected computing devices: hosts, end-systems PC s workstations, servers PDA s, phones, toasters
Internet Architecture and Protocol
Internet Architecture and Protocol Set# 04 Wide Area Networks Delivered By: Engr Tahir Niazi Wide Area Network Basics Cover large geographical area Network of Networks WANs used to be characterized with
Review. Review. Review. How to Send a Message over a Network? LAN LAN. LAN Routing Addressing Reliable Data Transfer Congestion Control LAN
Review Review Computer etworks Multiaccess or Shared Media Broadcast Switched Point-to-Point Packet Switched or Store-and-foward Circuit Switched Virtual Ciruit or Connection-Oriented Datagram or Connectionless
JAMES F. KUROSE AND KEITH W. ROSS
JAMES F. KUROSE AND KEITH W. ROSS What is the internet? There is no one definition. Two ways to try to describe it: Nuts and bolts i.e. the basic hardware and software components A networking infrastructure
Internet Architecture & Performance. What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view
Internet Architecture & Performance Internet, Connection, Protocols, Performance measurements What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view millions of connected computing devices: hosts, end systems pc s workstations,
OSI Transport Layer. objectives
LECTURE 5 OSI Transport Layer objectives 1. Roles of the Transport Layer 1. segmentation of data 2. error detection 3. Multiplexing of upper layer application using port numbers 2. The TCP protocol Communicating
Announcements. CS 5565 Network Architecture and Protocols. Outline for today. The Internet: nuts and bolts view. The Internet: nuts and bolts view
Announcements CS 5565 Network Architecture and Protocols Lecture 2 Godmar Back Created Lectures Page Created CS5565 Forum Use this to find a project partner All projects will be done in groups of up to
Transport Layer TCP & UDP Week 7. Module : Computer Networks Lecturers : Lucy White Office : 324
Transport Layer TCP & UDP Week 7 Module : Computer Networks Lecturers : Lucy White lbwhite@wit.ie Office : 324 1 Purpose of the Transport Layer The Transport layer provides for the segmentation of data
Concept Questions Demonstrate your knowledge of these concepts by answering the following questions in the space that is provided.
223 Chapter 19 Inter mediate TCP The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of protocols was developed as part of the research that the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
TCP/IP Overview. Basic Networking Concepts. 09/14/11 Basic TCP/IP Networking 1
TCP/IP Overview Basic Networking Concepts 09/14/11 Basic TCP/IP Networking 1 What is TCP/IP? TCP/IP is a name refers to an entire collection of data communication protocols: TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
ECE 650 Systems Programming & Engineering. Spring 2018
ECE 650 Systems Programming & Engineering Spring 2018 Networking Transport Layer Tyler Bletsch Duke University Slides are adapted from Brian Rogers (Duke) TCP/IP Model 2 Transport Layer Problem solved:
Operating Systems. 16. Networking. Paul Krzyzanowski. Rutgers University. Spring /6/ Paul Krzyzanowski
Operating Systems 16. Networking Paul Krzyzanowski Rutgers University Spring 2015 1 Local Area Network (LAN) LAN = communications network Small area (building, set of buildings) Same, sometimes shared,
Network Protocols and Architectures
Network Protocols and Architectures Introduction 1 What s the Internet: nuts and bolts view Millions of connected computing devices: hosts, end-systems PC s workstations, servers PDA s, phones, toasters
Announcements. No book chapter for this topic! Slides are posted online as usual Homework: Will be posted online Due 12/6
Announcements No book chapter for this topic! Slides are posted online as usual Homework: Will be posted online Due 12/6 Copyright c 2002 2017 UMaine Computer Science Department 1 / 33 1 COS 140: Foundations
CS 457 Networking and the Internet. Network Overview (cont d) 8/29/16. Circuit Switching (e.g., Phone Network) Fall 2016 Indrajit Ray
8/9/6 CS 457 Networking and the Internet Fall 06 Indrajit Ray Network Overview (cont d) Circuit vs. Packet Switching Best Effort Internet Model Circuit Switching (e.g., Phone Network) Step : Source establishes
Wide area networks: packet switching and congestion
Wide area networks: packet switching and congestion Packet switching ATM and Frame Relay Congestion Circuit and Packet Switching Circuit switching designed for voice Resources dedicated to a particular
Chapter 10. Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1
Chapter 10 Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1 Content Switched communication networks Circuit switching networks Circuit-switching concepts Packet-switching principles X.25 (mentioned but not
SUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer
SUBJECT: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SEMESTER: V SEMESTER COURSE: BCA SUBJECT TEACHER: Dr.K.Chitra Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science Chapter - 2 Switching and Network Architecture
IP Packet Switching. Goals of Todayʼs Lecture. Simple Network: Nodes and a Link. Connectivity Links and nodes Circuit switching Packet switching
IP Packet Switching CS 375: Computer Networks Dr. Thomas C. Bressoud Goals of Todayʼs Lecture Connectivity Links and nodes Circuit switching Packet switching IP service model Best-effort packet delivery
Transport Layer. Gursharan Singh Tatla. Upendra Sharma. 1
Transport Layer Gursharan Singh Tatla mailme@gursharansingh.in Upendra Sharma 1 Introduction The transport layer is the fourth layer from the bottom in the OSI reference model. It is responsible for message
Part 1: Introduction. Goal: Review of how the Internet works Overview
Part 1: Introduction Goal: Review of how the Internet works Overview Get context Get overview, feel of the Internet Application layer protocols and addressing Network layer / Routing Link layer / Example
Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications
Data and Computer Communications Chapter 2 Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based s 1 Need For Protocol Architecture data exchange can involve complex procedures better if task broken into subtasks
INTRODUCTORY COMPUTER
INTRODUCTORY COMPUTER NETWORKS TYPES OF NETWORKS Faramarz Hendessi Introductory Computer Networks Lecture 4 Fall 2010 Isfahan University of technology Dr. Faramarz Hendessi 2 Types of Networks Circuit
Networking Background
Networking Background CMSC 414 October 30, 2017 General Overview We are going to take a quick look at What a network protocol is The abstract design of the network The 7-Layer network stack Protocols We
Introduction to Protocols
Chapter 6 Introduction to Protocols 1 Chapter 6 Introduction to Protocols What is a Network Protocol? A protocol is a set of rules that governs the communications between computers on a network. These
EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L7: Internet. Stefan Höst
EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L7: Internet Stefan Höst What is Internet? Internet consists of a number of networks that exchange data according to traffic agreements. All networks in Internet
No book chapter for this topic! Slides are posted online as usual Homework: Will be posted online Due 12/6
Announcements No book chapter for this topic! Slides are posted online as usual Homework: Will be posted online Due 12/6 Copyright c 2002 2017 UMaine School of Computing and Information S 1 / 33 COS 140:
Defining the Internet
Defining the Internet Daniel Zappala CS 460 Computer Communications and Networking Brigham Young University What is the Internet? 2/23 Internet Map, courtesy Barrett Lyon, 2003 What is the Internet? 3/23
precise rules that govern communication between two parties TCP/IP: the basic Internet protocols IP: Internet protocol (bottom level)
Protocols precise rules that govern communication between two parties TCP/IP: the basic Internet protocols IP: Internet protocol (bottom level) all packets shipped from network to network as IP packets
ELEC5616 COMPUTER & NETWORK SECURITY
ELEC5616 COMPUTER & NETWORK SECURITY Lecture 17: Network Protocols I IP The Internet Protocol (IP) is a stateless protocol that is used to send packets from one machine to another using 32- bit addresses
Data & Computer Communication
Basic Networking Concepts A network is a system of computers and other devices (such as printers and modems) that are connected in such a way that they can exchange data. A bridge is a device that connects
Chapter 2 - Part 1. The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet
Chapter 2 - Part 1 The TCP/IP Protocol: The Language of the Internet Protocols A protocol is a language or set of rules that two or more computers use to communicate 2 Protocol Analogy: Phone Call Parties
Introduction. IP Datagrams. Internet Service Paradigm. Routers and Routing Tables. Datagram Forwarding. Example Internet and Conceptual Routing Table
Introduction Datagram Forwarding Gail Hopkins Service paradigm IP datagrams Routing Encapsulation Fragmentation Reassembly Internet Service Paradigm IP Datagrams supports both connectionless and connection-oriented
Where we are in the Course
Network Layer Where we are in the Course Moving on up to the Network Layer! Application Transport Network Link Physical CSE 461 University of Washington 2 Network Layer How to connect different link layer
Revision of Previous Lectures
Lecture 15 Overview Last Lecture Local area networking This Lecture Wide area networking 1 Source: chapters 8.1-8.3, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2 Next Lecture Wide area networking 2 Source: Chapter 20 COSC244 Lecture
Defining Networks with the OSI Model. Module 2
Defining Networks with the OSI Model Module 2 Objectives Skills Concepts Objective Domain Description Objective Domain Number Understanding OSI Basics Defining the Communications Subnetwork Defining the
NT1210 Introduction to Networking. Unit 10
NT1210 Introduction to Networking Unit 10 Chapter 10, TCP/IP Transport Objectives Identify the major needs and stakeholders for computer networks and network applications. Compare and contrast the OSI
Chapter 16 Networking
Chapter 16 Networking Outline 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Network Topology 16.3 Network Types 16.4 TCP/IP Protocol Stack 16.5 Application Layer 16.5.1 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 16.5.2 File Transfer
Lecture 2 Communication services The Trasport Layer. Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it
Lecture 2 Communication services The Trasport Layer Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it The structure edge: applications and hosts core: routers of s access s, media:
EEC-484/584 Computer Networks
EEC-484/584 Computer Networks Lecture 2 Wenbing Zhao wenbing@ieee.org (Lecture nodes are based on materials supplied by Dr. Louise Moser at UCSB and Prentice-Hall) Misc. Interested in research? Secure
The Network Layer. Antonio Carzaniga. April 22, Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano Antonio Carzaniga
The Network Layer Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano April 22, 2010 Basic network-layer architecture of a datagram network Outline Introduction to forwarding Introduction to
CS519: Computer Networks. Lecture 1 (part 2): Jan 28, 2004 Intro to Computer Networking
: Computer Networks Lecture 1 (part 2): Jan 28, 2004 Intro to Computer Networking Remember this picture? How did the switch know to forward some packets to B and some to D? From the address in the packet
CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Lecture 17: Internet architecture Prof. Alan Mislove (amislove@ccs.neu.edu) Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion
Communication Networks - 3 general areas: data communications, networking, protocols
Communication Networks - Overview CSE 3213 Fall 2011 1 7 September 2011 Course Content 3 general areas: data communications, networking, protocols 1. Data communications: basic concepts of digital communications
Internetworking Models The OSI Reference Model
Internetworking Models When networks first came into being, computers could typically communicate only with computers from the same manufacturer. In the late 1970s, the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
TCOM 370 NOTES 99-1 NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS
TCOM 370 NOTES 99-1 NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS Communication Networks Allow Exchange of Information between Users telephone network for voice communication interconnected computers and peripherals,
Outline. Inter-Process Communication. IPC across machines: Problems. CSCI 4061 Introduction to Operating Systems
Outline CSCI 4061 Introduction to Operating Systems ing Overview Layering and Protocols TCP/IP Protocol Family Client-Server Model Instructor: Abhishek Chandra 2 Inter-Process Communication Intra-node:
Web Protocols and Practice
Web Protocols and Practice Dogan Kesdogan Aachen University of Technology Department of Computer Science IV Communication and Distributed Systems Introduction 1-1 Staff Instructor: Dogan Kesdogan, kesdogan@informatik.rwth-aachen.de
Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering ECOM 4021: Networks Discussion. Chapter 1.
Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering ECOM 4021: Networks Discussion Chapter 1 Foundation Eng. Haneen El-Masry February, 2014 A Computer Network A computer
Different Layers Lecture 21
Different Layers Lecture 21 10/17/2003 Jian Ren 1 The Transport Layer 10/17/2003 Jian Ren 2 Transport Services and Protocols Provide logical communication between app processes running on different hosts
Packet Switching, Layer Models and Protocol Suites
Packet Switching, Layer Models and Protocol Suites Course Code CCE 211 Course Title Data Communication Asst. Prof. Md Samsuzzaman, Ph.D. sobuzcce@cse.pstu.ac.bd http://www.cse.pstu.ac.bd/sobuzcse Computer
Chapter 1 Communication
Chapter 1 Communication Networks and Services Network Architecture and Services Telegraph Networks & Message Switching Telephone Networks and Circuit Switching Computer Networks & Packet Switching Future
CMPE150 Midterm Solutions
CMPE150 Midterm Solutions Question 1 Packet switching and circuit switching: (a) Is the Internet a packet switching or circuit switching network? Justify your answer. The Internet is a packet switching
Chapter 7 Transport Layer. 7.0 Introduction 7.1 Transport Layer Protocols 7.2 TCP and UDP 7.3 Summary
Chapter 7 Transport Layer 7.0 Introduction 7.1 Transport Layer Protocols 7.2 TCP and UDP 7.3 Summary Transport Layer Transportation of Data Role of the Transport Layer The transport layer is responsible
TSIN02 - Internetworking
Lecture 4: Transport Layer Literature: Forouzan: ch 11-12 2004 Image Coding Group, Linköpings Universitet Lecture 4: Outline Transport layer responsibilities UDP TCP 2 Transport layer in OSI model Figure
CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER
CN1047 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKING CHAPTER 6 OSI MODEL TRANSPORT LAYER Transport Layer The Transport layer ensures the reliable arrival of messages and provides error checking mechanisms and data
Different Layers Lecture 20
Different Layers Lecture 20 10/15/2003 Jian Ren 1 The Network Layer 10/15/2003 Jian Ren 2 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every host,
ECE 650 Systems Programming & Engineering. Spring 2018
ECE 650 Systems Programming & Engineering Spring 2018 Networking Introduction Tyler Bletsch Duke University Slides are adapted from Brian Rogers (Duke) Computer Networking A background of important areas
B.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems
B.Sc. (Hons.) Computer Science with Network Security B.Eng. (Hons) Telecommunications B.Sc. (Hons) Business Information Systems Bridge BTEL/PT BCNS/14/FT BIS/14/FT BTEL/14/FT Examinations for 2014-2015
Operating Systems CS 571
Computer Networks: Overview Operating Systems CS 571 Network types Range Bandwidth (Mbps) Latency (ms) LAN 1-2 kms 10-1000 1-10 WAN worldwide 0.010-600 100-500 MAN 2-50 kms 1-150 10 Wireless LAN 0.15-1.5
Chapter 7. Local Area Network Communications Protocols
Chapter 7 Local Area Network Communications Protocols The Network Layer The third layer of the OSI Model is the network layer. The network layer is concerned with providing a means for hosts to communicate
Lecture 2: Internet Structure
Lecture 2: Internet Structure COMP 332, Spring 2018 Victoria Manfredi Acknowledgements: materials adapted from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 7 th edition: 1996-2016, J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross,
IP Address Assignment
IP Address Assignment An IP address does not identify a specific computer. Instead, each IP address identifies a connection between a computer and a network. A computer with multiple network connections
Introduction to Computer Networking
Introduction to Computer Networking Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano September 17, 2014 Outline General course information Program Preliminary schedule Intro to computer networking:
Networking for Data Acquisition Systems. Fabrice Le Goff - 14/02/ ISOTDAQ
Networking for Data Acquisition Systems Fabrice Le Goff - 14/02/2018 - ISOTDAQ Outline Generalities The OSI Model Ethernet and Local Area Networks IP and Routing TCP, UDP and Transport Efficiency Networking
2 Network Basics. types of communication service. how communication services are implemented. network performance measures. switching.
2 Network Basics types of communication service how communication services are implemented switching multiplexing network performance measures 1 2.1 Types of service in a layered network architecture connection-oriented:
UDP, TCP, IP multicast
UDP, TCP, IP multicast Dan Williams In this lecture UDP (user datagram protocol) Unreliable, packet-based TCP (transmission control protocol) Reliable, connection oriented, stream-based IP multicast Process-to-Process
Networking Applications
Networking Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid College of Computing and Information Technology Arab Academy for Science & Technology and Maritime Transport 1 Outline Internet Layers Internet Data Packet transmission
Module 2 Overview of Computer Networks
Module 2 Overview of Computer Networks Networks and Communication Give me names of all employees Who earn more than $00,000 ISP intranet backbone satellite link desktop computer: server: network link:
Module 2 Overview of. Computer Networks
Module Overview of Networks and Communication Give me names of all employees Who earn more than $00,000 ISP intranet backbone satellite link desktop computer: server: network link: CS454/654 - Issues How
Transport Protocols Reading: Sections 2.5, 5.1, and 5.2. Goals for Todayʼs Lecture. Role of Transport Layer
Transport Protocols Reading: Sections 2.5, 5.1, and 5.2 CS 375: Computer Networks Thomas C. Bressoud 1 Goals for Todayʼs Lecture Principles underlying transport-layer services (De)multiplexing Detecting
The Transport Layer. Antonio Carzaniga. October 27, Faculty of Informatics Università della Svizzera italiana
The Transport Layer Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics Università della Svizzera italiana October 27, 2017 Outline Basic concepts in transport-layer protocols Multiplexing/demultiplexing UDP message
EECS 228a Lecture 1 Overview: Networks. Jean Walrand
EECS 228a Lecture 1 Overview: Networks Jean Walrand www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~wlr Fall 2002 Course Information Instructor: Jean Walrand n Office Hours: M-Tu 1:00-2:00 Time/Place: MW 2:00-3:30 in 285 Cory
ISO/OSI Model and Collision Domain NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURES NETKIT - LECTURE 1 MANUEL CAMPO, MARCO SPAZIANI
ISO/OSI Model and Collision Domain NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURES NETKIT - LECTURE 1 MANUEL CAMPO, MARCO SPAZIANI ISO/OSI Model ISO: International Organization for Standardization OSI: Open Systems Interconnection
Introduction to Open System Interconnection Reference Model
Chapter 5 Introduction to OSI Reference Model 1 Chapter 5 Introduction to Open System Interconnection Reference Model Introduction The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference tool for understanding
SC/CSE 3213 Winter Sebastian Magierowski York University CSE 3213, W13 L8: TCP/IP. Outline. Forwarding over network and data link layers
SC/CSE 3213 Winter 2013 L8: TCP/IP Overview Sebastian Magierowski York University 1 Outline TCP/IP Reference Model A set of protocols for internetworking The basis of the modern IP Datagram Exchange Examples
Transport Layer Review
Transport Layer Review Mahalingam Mississippi State University, MS October 1, 2014 Transport Layer Functions Distinguish between different application instances through port numbers Make it easy for applications
The Data Link Layer. 32 PART I Networking Basics
32 PART I Networking Basics weather station. More realistic devices use duplex mode, where all systems can send or receive with equal facility. This is often further distinguished as half-duplex (the system
Transport Protocols Reading: Sections 2.5, 5.1, and 5.2
Transport Protocols Reading: Sections 2.5, 5.1, and 5.2 CE443 - Fall 1390 Acknowledgments: Lecture slides are from Computer networks course thought by Jennifer Rexford at Princeton University. When slides
Applied Networks & Security
Applied Networks & Security TCP/IP Protocol Suite http://condor.depaul.edu/~jkristof/it263/ John Kristoff jtk@depaul.edu IT 263 Spring 2006/2007 John Kristoff - DePaul University 1 ARP overview datalink
Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1
Interconnecting Networks with TCP/IP 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1 Objectives Upon completion of this chapter you will be able to perform the following tasks: Identify the IP protocol stack, its protocol
Introduction to computer networking
edge core Introduction to computer networking Comp Sci 3600 Security Outline edge core 1 2 edge 3 core 4 5 6 The edge core Outline edge core 1 2 edge 3 core 4 5 6 edge core Billions of connected computing
Networking Technologies and Applications
Networking Technologies and Applications Rolland Vida BME TMIT Transport Protocols UDP User Datagram Protocol TCP Transport Control Protocol and many others UDP One of the core transport protocols Used
Goals and topics. Verkkomedian perusteet Fundamentals of Network Media T Circuit switching networks. Topics. Packet-switching networks
Verkkomedian perusteet Fundamentals of Media T-110.250 19.2.2002 Antti Ylä-Jääski 19.2.2002 / AYJ lide 1 Goals and topics protocols Discuss how packet-switching networks differ from circuit switching networks.
Lecture-4. TCP/IP-Overview:
Lecture-4 TCP/IP-Overview: The history goes back to ARPANET a research network sponsored by DoD US Govt. It eventually connected hundreds of universities and govt installations, using leased telephone
Significance of TCP/IP Model Divya Shree Assistant Professor (Resource Person), Department of computer science and engineering, UIET, MDU, Rohtak
Significance of TCP/IP Model Divya Shree Assistant Professor (Resource Person), Department of computer science and engineering, UIET, MDU, Rohtak Abstract: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
CS 4390 Computer Networks. Transport Services and Protocols
CS 4390 Computer Networks UT D data Session 07 Transport Layer Overview and UDP Adapted from Computer Networking a Top-Down Approach 1996-2012 by J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved Transport
Network.... communication system for connecting end- systems. End-systems a.k.a. hosts PCs, workstations dedicated computers network components
Networking 1 Network... communication system for connecting end- systems End-systems a.k.a. hosts PCs, workstations dedicated computers network components 2 Multiaccess vs.. Point-to-point Multiaccess
Goals for Today s Class. EE 122: Networks & Protocols. What Global (non-digital) Communication Network Do You Use Every Day?
Goals for Today s Class EE 122: & Protocols Ion Stoica TAs: Junda Liu, DK Moon, David Zats http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/fa09 (Materials with thanks to Vern Paxson, Jennifer Rexford, and colleagues
OSI Transport Layer. Network Fundamentals Chapter 4. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
OSI Transport Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 4 Version 4.0 1 Transport Layer Role and Services Transport layer is responsible for overall end-to-end transfer of application data 2 Transport Layer Role
CSEN 503 Introduction to Communication Networks. Mervat AbuElkheir Hana Medhat Ayman Dayf. ** Slides are attributed to J. F.
CSEN 503 Introduction to Communication Networks Mervat AbuElkheir Hana Medhat Ayman Dayf ** Slides are attributed to J. F. Kurose Chapter 3 outline Transport-layer services Multiplexing and demultiplexing
TCP/IP THE TCP/IP ARCHITECTURE
TCP/IP-1 The Internet Protocol (IP) enables communications across a vast and heterogeneous collection of networks that are based on different technologies. Any host computer that is connected to the Internet
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction Our goal: get context, overview, feel of networking more depth, detail later in course approach: descriptive use Internet as example Overview: what s the Internet what s a protocol?
Network Architecture. TOC Architecture
Network Architecture Introduction Layering Example Internet Layers First Look Layering Step by Step Downside of Layering Interconnecting Networks The Internet TOC Architecture Introduction Issues: Inter-operability
The OSI Model. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Network Models The OSI Model Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Model for understanding and developing computer-to-computer communication
COMPUTER NETWORK Model Test Paper
Model Test Paper Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt all parts. Q1. Each question carries equal marks. (5*5 marks) A) Difference between Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol.
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS SWITCHING A switch is a mechanism that allows us to interconnect links to form a larger network. A switch is a multi-input, multi-output device, which transfers packets
Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer
Chapter 5 OSI Network Layer The protocols of the OSI model Network layer specify addressing and processes that enable Transport layer data to be packaged and transported. The Network layer encapsulation