UNIT - III BUILDING WINDOWS APPLICATION GENERAL WINDOWS CONTROLS FOR THE WINDOWS APPLICATION

Transcription

1 UNIT - III BUILDING WINDOWS APPLICATION GENERAL WINDOWS CONTROLS FOR THE WINDOWS APPLICATION 1

2 SLNO CONTROL NAME SLNO CONTROL NAME 1. Button 9. PictureBox 2. Checkbox 3. RadioButton 4. Label 5. Textbox 6. ComboBox 7. ListBox 10. Progressbar 11. Treeview 12. DataGridView 13. ToolTip 8. ListView 14. Timer WINDOWS COMMON CONTROL PROPERTIES 2

3 SLNO PROPERITE PROPERTY VALUE DESCRIPTION NAME 1. Name Form1 Indicates the name used in code to identify the object or control 2. Autosize True or False Specifies whether a control will automatically size iteselft to fit its contents 3. BackColor Color Name The background color of the component 4. BackgroundImage Image File path The background image used for the control 5. Enabled True or False Indicates whether the control is enabled 6. ForeColor Color Name The foreground color of this component, which is used to display text. 7. Font Font Face, Font Style, Font size, The font used to display text in the control. Font Color 8. Location X, Y axis The coordinates of the upper left corner of the control relative to the upper left corner of its container 9. Locked True or False The Locked property determines if we can move or resize the control 10. Size Width and Height The size of the control in pixels 11. Text Text of the Particular Control The text associated with the control 12. Visible True or False Determines whether the control is visible or hidden 13. TabIndex Index value to the control Determines the index in the TAB order that this control will occupy. 14. TabStop True or False Indicates whether the user can use the TAB key to give focus to the control. 15. TextAlign Left, Center, Rigth The alignment of the text that will be displayed on the control. 16. ToolTip Text Tool Tip Text on the Control Determines the tool tip shown when the mouse hovers over the control. 17. UseMnemonic True or False If true, the first character proceeded by an ampersand (&) will be used as the button s mnemonic key. WINDOWS COMMON CONTROLS DEFAULT EVENT HANDLERS 3

4 SLNO CONTROLS HOW TO ADD THE DATA S TO DEFAULT EVENT HANDLER CONTROL 1. Form Form1.Text = Chettinad ; private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 2. Button Button1.Text= Click Here ; private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) Label Label.Text= Enter the A Value ; private void label1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) 3. Textbox Textbox1.Text= Insert the Text Here ; private void textbox1_textchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 4. Checkbox Checkbox1.Text= Addition ; private void checkbox1_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 5. Radiobutton Radiobutton1.Text= Addition ; private void radiobutton1_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 6. CheckListBox CheckListbox.Items.add( Add ); CheckLIstbox.Items.add( Sub ); private void checkedlistbox1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 7. ComboBox Combobox.Items.add( Add ); private void combobox1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) Combobox.Items.add( Sub ); 8. ListBox Listbox1.Items.add( Add ); Listbox1.Items.add( Sub ); private void listbox1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 9. Picturebox Picturebox1.Load( Picture File Path ) private void picturebox1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) 10. Progressbar NIL private void progressbar1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) 11. Treeview Treeview1.Items.add( Add ); private void treeview1_afterselect(object sender, TreeViewEventArgs e) TreeView1.Items.add( Sub ); 12. Listview Listview1.Items.add( Add ); private void listview1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) Listview1.Items.add( Sub ); 13. Groupbox Groupbox1.Controls.add(button1); private void groupbox1_enter(object sender, EventArgs e) 14. Timer Nil private void timer1_tick(object sender, EventArgs e) EXTRA PROPERTIES FOR THE WINDOWS CONTROLS 4

5 SLN CONTROL PROPERITE PROPERTY VALUE DESCRIPTION O NAME NAME 1. PictureBox Image.jpg or.bmp or.gif The image display in the PictureBox. WaitOnLoad True or False Controls whether processing will stop until the image is loaded. 2. RadioButton Checked True or False Indicates whether the component is in the checked state Checkbox TextBox Checked True or False Indicates whether the component is in the checked state. CheckState Unchecked or Checked Indicates the state of the component. or Intermediate ThreeState True or False Indicates whether the CheckBox will allow three check states rather than two. HideSelection True or False Indicates that the selection should be hidden when the edit control loses focus. MaxLength Specifies the maximum number of character that can be entered into the edit control. Multiline True or False Controls whether the text of the edit control can span more than one line. PasswordChar ***** or &&&&& Indicates the character to display for password input for single line edit controls. ScrollBars None, Horizontal, Vertical Indicates, for multiline edit contrls, which scroll bars, will be shown for this control. WordWrap True or False Indicates if lines are automatically word wrapped for multiline edit controls. ShortcutsEnabled True or False Indicates whether shortcuts defined for the control are enabled. 5. ControlBox True or False Determines whether a form has a Control / System menu box. Cursor Different Cursor Control The Cursor that appear when the pointer moves over the control. Form MaximizeBox True or False Determines whether a form has a maximize box in the upper right corner of its caption bar. MinimizeBox True or False Determines whether a form has a minimize box in the upper right corner of its caption bar. StartPosition Windows appears for the Determines the position of a form when it first appears. different location WindowState Normal, Maximize, Determines the position of a form when it first appears. Minimize 6. Timer Enabled True or False Enables generation of Elapsed events Interval 1000 (milliseconds) The frequency of Elapsed events in milliseconds 7. ProgressBar Minimum 0 The lower bound of the range this ProgressBar is working with. Maximum 1000 The upper bound of the range this ProgressBar is working with. MessageBox Program using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Form1 : Form public Form1() InitializeComponent(); 5

6 private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) MessageBox.Show("Welcome to Chettinad College of Engineering and Technology"); private void button2_click(object sender, EventArgs e) MessageBox.Show("Welcome", "Chettinad", MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Stop); private void button3_click(object sender, EventArgs e) DialogResult ans = MessageBox.Show("Arithmetic Operation", "Welcome", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel); if (ans == DialogResult.OK ) MessageBox.Show("Click OK Button"); else if(ans == DialogResult.Cancel) MessageBox.Show("Click Cancel Button"); private void button4_click(object sender, EventArgs e) Button_Control f2 = new Button_Control(); f2.show(); Addition of Two Numbers using Button, Label and Textbox using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Button_Control : Form public Button_Control() InitializeComponent(); private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) int a, b, c; a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); c = a + b; 6

7 Arithmetic Operation using Checkboxes private void checkbox1_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (checkbox1.checked == true) checkbox2.checked = false; checkbox3.checked = false; checkbox4.checked = false; checkbox5.checked = false; x = textbox1.text; y = textbox2.text; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class CheckBox_Control : Form public CheckBox_Control() InitializeComponent(); a = int.parse (x); b = int.parse(y); c = a + b; int a, b, c; string x, y; private void checkbox2_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (checkbox2.checked == true) checkbox1.checked = false; checkbox3.checked = false; checkbox4.checked = false; checkbox5.checked = false; x = textbox1.text; y = textbox2.text; a = int.parse(x); b = int.parse(y); c = a - b; private void checkbox3_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (checkbox3.checked == true) checkbox1.checked = false; checkbox2.checked = false; checkbox4.checked = false; checkbox5.checked = false; x = textbox1.text; y = textbox2.text; a = int.parse(x); b = int.parse(y); c = a * b; 7

8 private void checkbox4_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (checkbox4.checked == true) checkbox1.checked = false; checkbox2.checked = false; checkbox3.checked = false; checkbox5.checked = false; private void checkbox5_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (checkbox5.checked == true) checkbox1.checked = false; checkbox2.checked = false; checkbox3.checked = false; checkbox4.checked = false; x = textbox1.text; y = textbox2.text; a = int.parse(x); b = int.parse(y); c = a / b; textbox1.text = ""; textbox2.text = ""; textbox3.text = ""; Arithmetic Operation using Radio Buttons private void radiobutton1_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (radiobutton1.checked == true) radiobutton2.checked = false; radiobutton3.checked = false; radiobutton4.checked = false; radiobutton5.checked = false; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Radio_Control : Form int a, b, c; public Radio_Control() InitializeComponent(); try a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); catch c = a + b; 8

9 private void radiobutton2_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (radiobutton2.checked == true) radiobutton1.checked = false; radiobutton3.checked = false; radiobutton4.checked = false; radiobutton5.checked = false; a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); c = a - b; private void radiobutton3_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (radiobutton3.checked == true) radiobutton1.checked = false; radiobutton2.checked = false; radiobutton4.checked = false; radiobutton5.checked = false; a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); c = a * b; private void radiobutton4_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (radiobutton4.checked == true) radiobutton1.checked = false; radiobutton2.checked = false; radiobutton3.checked = false; radiobutton5.checked = false; a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); private void radiobutton5_checkedchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) if (radiobutton5.checked == true) radiobutton1.checked = false; radiobutton2.checked = false; radiobutton3.checked = false; radiobutton4.checked = false; textbox1.text = ""; textbox2.text = ""; textbox3.text = ""; c = a / b; private void Form6_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) radiobutton1.checked = false; radiobutton2.checked = false; radiobutton3.checked = false; radiobutton4.checked = false; radiobutton5.checked = false; 9

10 Arithmetic Operation using ComboBox and ListBox private void Form5_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) combobox1.items.add("addition"); combobox1.items.add("subtraction"); combobox1.items.add("multiplication"); combobox1.items.add("division"); combobox1.items.add("clear"); using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; listbox1.items.add("addition"); listbox1.items.add("subtraction"); listbox1.items.add("multiplication"); listbox1.items.add("division"); listbox1.items.add("clear"); namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Form5 : Form int a, b, c; public Form5() InitializeComponent(); private void combobox1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); if (combobox1.selectedindex == 0) c = a + b; if (combobox1.selectedindex == 1) c = a - b; if (combobox1.selectedindex == 2) c = a * b; if (combobox1.selectedindex == 3) c = a / b; if (combobox1.selectedindex == 4) textbox1.text = ""; textbox2.text = ""; textbox3.text = ""; private void listbox1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) a = int.parse(textbox1.text); b = int.parse(textbox2.text); if (listbox1.selectedindex == 0) c = a + b; if (listbox1.selectedindex == 1) c = a - b; if (listbox1.selectedindex == 2) c = a * b; if (listbox1.selectedindex == 3) c = a / b; if (listbox1.selectedindex == 4) textbox1.text = ""; textbox2.text = ""; textbox3.text = ""; 10

11 Arithmetic Operation using CheckListBox private void Checkboxlist_Control_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) checkedlistbox1.items.add("addition"); checkedlistbox1.items.add("subtraction"); checkedlistbox1.items.add("multiplication"); checkedlistbox1.items.add("division"); checkedlistbox1.items.add("clear"); using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Checkboxlist_Control : Form public Checkboxlist_Control() InitializeComponent(); int a, b, c; private void checkedlistbox1_selectedindexchanged(object sender, EventArgs e) a = int.parse (textbox1.text ); b = int.parse (textbox2.text ); if (checkedlistbox1.selectedindex == 0) c = a + b; if (checkedlistbox1.selectedindex == 1) c = a - b; if (checkedlistbox1.selectedindex == 2) c = a * b; if (checkedlistbox1.selectedindex == 3) c = a / b; if (checkedlistbox1.selectedindex == 4) textbox1.text = ""; textbox2.text = ""; textbox3.text = ""; 11

12 Program for the PictureBox using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Picturebox_Control : Form public Picturebox_Control() InitializeComponent(); picturebox1.load(@"c:\documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\My Pictures\Sample Pictures\sunset.jpg"); private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) picturebox1.image = Image.FromFile (@"C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\My Pictures\Sample Pictures\sunset.jpg"); picturebox1.imagelocation = " Program for the ProgressBar private void Progress_Control_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) progressbar1.minimum = 0; progressbar1.maximum = 1000; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Progress_Control : Form public Progress_Control() InitializeComponent(); e) private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs progressbar1.increment(10); 12

13 Program for the ProgressBar and Timer Control private void Timer_Control_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) progressbar1.minimum = 0; progressbar1.maximum = 1000; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Timer_Control : Form public Timer_Control() InitializeComponent(); private void timer1_tick(object sender, EventArgs e) progressbar1.increment(100); NOTE In the Timer Control Properties change the Enabled properties is True and the set the Time Interval ( not Zero) Program for the ListView private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) listview1.view = View.LargeIcon; private void button2_click(object sender, EventArgs e) listview1.view = View.SmallIcon; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Listview_Control : Form public Listview_Control() InitializeComponent(); private void button3_click(object sender, EventArgs e) listview1.view = View.List; private void button4_click(object sender, EventArgs e) listview1.view = View.Details; private void button5_click(object sender, EventArgs e) listview1.clear(); 13

14 Addition of Two Number using the Code File (Creating your Own User Interface) using System; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Windows.Forms; public class Own : Form Button b1; Label l1, l2, l3; TextBox t1, t2, t3; int a, b, c; public Own() l1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); l1.location = new System.Drawing.Point(0,0); l1.size = new System.Drawing.Size(130,25); l1.text = "Enter the A Value"; Controls.Add(l1); t1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox (); t1.location = new System.Drawing.Point(150,0); t1.size = new System.Drawing.Size(50,25); t1.text = ""; Controls.Add(t1); l2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); l2.location = new System.Drawing.Point(0,50); l2.size = new System.Drawing.Size(130,25); l2.text = "Enter the B Value"; Controls.Add(l2); t2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); t2.location = new System.Drawing.Point(150,50); t2.size = new System.Drawing.Size(50,25); t2.text = ""; Controls.Add(t2); l3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); l3.location = new System.Drawing.Point(0,100); l3.size = new System.Drawing.Size(150,25); l3.text = "Addition of the Two Numbers"; Controls.Add(l3); t3 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox (); t3.location = new System.Drawing.Point(160,50); t3.size = new System.Drawing.Size(50,25); t3.text = "Enter the A Value"; Controls.Add(t3); class Main_Own static void Main() Application.Run(new Own()); b1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); b1.location = new System.Drawing.Point(200,200); b1.size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 25); b1.text = "Click Addition"; b1.click += new System.EventHandler(b1_Click); Controls.Add(b1); public void b1_click(object sender, EventArgs ea) a = int.parse(t1.text); b = int.parse(t2.text); c = a + b; t3.text = c.tostring(); 14

15 Output of the Above program is Creating Calculator Program using the Code File (Creating your Own User Interface) //1. Include the Namespaces// using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Windows.Forms; //2. Create a class that inherit from Form class of Windows// public class ButtonDemo: Form b7; //3.Create the Controls // Button b0; Button b1; Button b2; Button b3; Button b4; Button b5; Button b6; Button String s1=""; String s2=""; String op=""; TextBox t1; //4.Create the class Constructor methosd to invoke the components to be initialized// public ButtonDemo() //5. Invoke the method to initialize the components// InitializeComponent(); 15

16 private void InitializeComponent() // Initilaize the components properties and Events// t1=new TextBox(); t1.name="textbox1"; t1.location=new Point(50,80); t1.size=new System.Drawing.Size(80,50); this.controls.add(t1); b0=new Button(); b0.location=new Point(50,120); b0.size=new System.Drawing.Size(25,25); b0.text="0"; b0.click+=new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b0); b1=new Button(); b1.location=new Point(75,120); b1.size=new System.Drawing.Size(25,25); b1.text="1"; b1.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b1); b2 = new Button(); b2.location = new Point(100, 120); b2.size = new System.Drawing.Size(25, 25); b2.text = "2"; b2.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b2); b3 = new Button(); b3.location = new Point(125, 120); b3.size = new System.Drawing.Size(25, 25); b3.text = "3"; b3.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b3); b4 = new Button(); b4.location = new Point(50, 145); b4.size = new System.Drawing.Size(25, 25); b4.text = "4"; b4.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b4); b5 = new Button(); b5.location = new Point(75, 145); b5.size = new System.Drawing.Size(25, 25); b5.text = "+"; b5.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b5); b6 = new Button(); b6.location = new Point(100, 145); b6.size = new System.Drawing.Size(25, 25); b6.text = "-"; b6.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b6); b7 = new Button(); b7.location = new Point(125, 145); b7.size = new System.Drawing.Size(25, 25); b7.text = "="; b7.click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnsubmit_Click); this.controls.add(b7); this.name="button Demo"; this.text="button Demo"; 16

17 //Events handling Procedures// private void btnsubmit_click(object sender, EventArgs e) if(sender.equals(b0)) t1.text += "0"; else if (sender.equals(b1)) t1.text += "1"; else if (sender.equals(b2)) t1.text+="2"; else if (sender.equals(b3)) t1.text += "3"; else if (sender.equals(b4)) t1.text += "4"; else if (sender.equals(b5)) s1=t1.text; t1.text=""; op=b5.text; else if(sender.equals(b7)) if(op.equals("+")) MessageBox.Show((Int32.Parse(t1.Text)+Int32.Parse(s1)).ToString()); public class Demo static void Main() System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(new ButtonDemo()); Output of the Above program is 17

18 Data Access with ADO.NET What Is ADO.NET? 1. ADO.NET is a collection of classes, interfaces, structures, and enumerated types that manage data access from relational data stores within the.net Framework 2. These collections are organized into namespaces: System.Data, System.Data.OleDb, System.Data.SqlClient, etc. 3. ADO.NET is an evolution from ADO. 4. Does not share the same object model, but shares many of the same paradigms and functionality! 5. Designed for distributed and Web applications 6. Provides 2 models for data access Connection Oriented Connectionless 18

19 Benefits of ADO.NET 1. Interoperability through use of XML * Open standard for data that describes itself * Human readable and decipherable text * Used internally but accessible externally Can use XML to read and write and move data 2. Scalability through the disconnected DataSet * Connections are not maintained for long periods * Database locking does not occur Locking support with ServiceComponents Optimistic locking otherwise * Works the way the Web works: Hit and Run! 3. Maintainability * Separation of data logic and user interface Idea of Universal Data Access Connection of (object-oriented) programming languages and relational data bases Uniform programming model and API Special implementations for data sources (providers) 19

20 Data Providers Microsoft s layered architecture for data access ADO.Net Providers Provider Name ODBC Data Provider OleDb Data Provider API prefix Odbc OleDb Data Source Description Data Sources with an ODBC interface. Normally older data bases. Data Sources that expose an OleDb interface, i.e. Access or Excel. Oracle Data Provider Oracle For Oracle Databases. SQL Data Provider Sql For interacting with Microsoft SQL Server. Borland Data Provider Bdp Generic access to many databases such as Interbase, SQL Server, IBM DB2, and Oracle. 20

21 History of Universal Data Access (Microsoft) ODBC OLE DB ADO (ActiveX Data Objects) ADO.NET ADO connection-oriented sequential access only one table supported COM-marshalling ADO.NET connection-oriented + connectionless sequential access + main-memory representation with direct access more than one table supported XML-marshalling DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ADO AND ADO.NET ADO ADO.NET ADO has one main object that is used to reference data, called the Record set object. This object basically gives you a single table view of your data, although you can join tables to create a new set of records. ADO works with connected data. This means that when you access data, such as viewing and updating data, it is real-time, with a connection being used all the time. This is barring, of course, you programming special routines to pull all your data into temporary tables. With ADO.NET, you have various objects that allow you to access data in various ways. The Dataset object will actually allow you to store the relational model of your database. This allows you to pull up customers and their orders, accessing/updating the data in each related table individually. ADO.NET uses data in a disconnected fashion. When you access data, ADO.NET makes a copy of the data using XML. ADO.NET only holds the connection open long enough to either pull down the data or to make any requested updates. This makes ADO.NET efficient to use for Web applications. It's also decent for desktop applications. In ado user can move sequentially to database In ado.net user can move one data from one table to another table. ADO allows you to create client-side cursors only ADO allows you to persist records in XML format COM marshalling ADO.NET we don't have any cursor support in ADO.NET. ADO.NET allows you to manipulate your data using XML as the primary means. This is nice when you are working with other business applications and also helps when you are working with firewalls because data is passed as HTML and XML. XML marshalling 21

22 Architecture of ADO.NET ADO.NET Objects The SqlConnection Object To interact with a database, you must have a connection to it. The connection helps identify the database server, the database name, user name, password, and other parameters that are required for connecting to the data base. A connection object is used by command objects so they will know which database to execute the command on. The SqlCommand Object The process of interacting with a database means that you must specify the actions you want to occur. This is done with a command object. You use a command object to send SQL statements to the database. A command object uses a connection object to figure out which database to communicate with. You can use a command object alone, to execute a command directly, or assign a reference to a command object to an SqlDataAdapter, which holds a set of commands that work on a group of data as described below. The SqlDataReader Object Many data operations require that you only get a stream of data for reading. The data reader object allows you to obtain the results of a SELECT statement from a command object. For performance reasons, the data returned from a data reader is a fast forward-only stream of data. This means that you can only pull the data from the stream in a sequential manner This is good for speed, but if you need to manipulate data, then a DataSet is a better object to work with. 22

23 The DataSet Object DataSet objects are in-memory representations of data. They contain multiple Datatable objects, which contain columns and rows, just like normal database tables. You can even define relations between tables to create parent-child relationships. The DataSet is specifically designed to help manage data in memory and to support disconnected operations on data, when such a scenario make sense. The DataSet is an object that is used by all of the Data Providers, which is why it does not have a Data Provider specific prefix. The SqlDataAdapter Object Sometimes the data you work with is primarily read-only and you rarely need to make changes to the underlying data source Some situations also call for caching data in memory to minimize the number of database calls for data that does not change. The data adapter makes it easy for you to accomplish these things by helping to manage data in a disconnected mode. The data adapter fills a DataSet object when reading the data and writes in a single batch when persisting changes back to the database. A data adapter contains a reference to the connection object and opens and closes the connection automatically when reading from or writing to the database. Additionally, the data adapter contains command object references for SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations on the data. You will have a data adapter defined for each table in a DataSet and it will take care of all communication with the database for you. All you need to do is tell the data adapter when to load from or write to the database. DataTables and DataColumns The DataTable has a number of public properties, including the columns collection, which returns the DataColumnCollectionobject,which in trun consists of DataColumn objects. Each DataColumn object represents a column in a table DataRelations DataRelation represents a relationship between two tables through DataColumn objects. For example, in the Northwind database the Customers table is in a relationship with the Orders table through the CustomerID column DataRows DataTable s Rows collection returns a set of rows for that table. Use this collection to examine the results of queries against the database, iterating throught the rows to examine each record in trun. 23

24 Connection-oriented versus Connectionless Connection Oriented Keeps the connection to the data base alive Always up-to-date data Intended for applications with: short running transactions only a few parallel access operations Connectionless Oriented No permanent connection to the data source Data cached in main memory Changes in main memory may be in conflict with changes in data source Intended for applications with: many parallel and long lasting access operations (e.g.: Web applications) Data Bound Controls The General categories for the Data Bound Controls is classified into two types: 1. Simple Data Bound Controls 2. Complex Data Bound Controls 1. Simple Data Bound Controls 1. Label Box 2. Text Box 2. Complex Data Bound Controls 1. Combo Box 2. List Box 3. DataGridView 24

25 IDbConnection: Property ConnectionString ExecuteNonQuery Method ExecuteScalar Method 25

26 2 Transaction models ADO.NET and Transactions 1) Local transactions: transactions for one connection provided by ADO.NET 2) Distributed transactions: transactions for several connections usage of Microsoft Distributed Transaction Component (MSDTC) namespace System.Transaction DATABASE PROGRAMS 26

27 WINDOWS AUTHENTICATION using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.OleDb; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsApplication1 public partial class Form2 : Form public OleDbCommand com; public OleDbConnection con; public OleDbDataAdapter adp; public OleDbDataReader rs; public Form2() InitializeComponent(); con = new OleDbConnection(); con.connectionstring = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; " + "data source = z:\\csharp\\stud.mdb"; con.open(); com = new OleDbCommand(); com.connection = con; adp = new OleDbDataAdapter(com); MessageBox.Show("Connectioin Sucessfully"); 27

28 private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) string s1 = "", s2 = ""; try com.commandtext = "select * from MARK"; rs = com.executereader(); if (rs.read()) s1 = rs.getvalue(0).tostring(); s2 = rs.getvalue(1).tostring(); if (textbox1.text.equals(s1) && textbox2.text.equals(s2)) Form1 f1 = new Form1(); f1.show(); else MessageBox.Show("Invalid User Name and Password"); catch MessageBox.Show("Runtime error in the Select"); private void button2_click(object sender, EventArgs e) this.close(); 28

29 Access the Data in the Access Database using the OLEDB Access (List Box) private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) string connectionstring = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; " + "data source = z:\\c#\\data_connect\\data_connect\\mark.mdb"; string commandstring = "Select SLNO, NAME from Stud"; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.OleDb; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace Data_Connect public partial class OLEDBAccess : Form public OLEDBAccess() InitializeComponent(); OleDbConnection conn= new OleDbConnection(connectionstring); OleDbDataAdapter DataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(commandstring, conn); DataSet DataSet = new DataSet(); DataAdapter.Fill(DataSet, "Stud"); DataTable datatable = DataSet.Tables[0]; foreach (DataRow datarow in datatable.rows) listbox1.items.add(datarow["slno"].tostring() + " " + datarow["name"].tostring() ); The Output of the Above Program is 29

30 Access the Data in the Access Database using the OLEDB Access (DataGridView) using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.OleDb; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace Data_Connect public partial class OLEDB_Grid : Form private System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection myconnection; private System.Data.DataSet mydataset; private System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand mycommand; private System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter DataAdapter; public OLEDB_Grid() InitializeComponent(); string connectionstring = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; " + "data source = z:\\c#\\data_connect\\data_connect\\mark.mdb"; myconnection = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(connectionString); myconnection.open(); mycommand = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand(); mycommand.connection = myconnection; mycommand.commandtext = "Select * from stud"; DataAdapter = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(); DataAdapter.SelectCommand = mycommand; mydataset = new System.Data.DataSet(); DataAdapter.TableMappings.Add("Table", "Stud"); DataAdapter.Fill(myDataset); datagridview1.datasource = mydataset.tables["stud"].defaultview; 30

31 The Output of the Above Program is Access the Data in the Access Database using the OLEDB Providers (Using Insert, Select, Update and Delete) using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.OleDb; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; 31

32 namespace Data_Connect public partial class OLEDB_Insert : Form public OleDbConnection con; public OleDbCommand com; public OleDbDataAdapter adp; public OleDbDataReader rs; public OLEDB_Insert() InitializeComponent(); con = new OleDbConnection(); con.connectionstring = "provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; " + "data source = z:\\c#\\data_connect\\data_connect\\mark.mdb"; con.open(); com = new OleDbCommand(); com.connection = con; adp = new OleDbDataAdapter(com); MessageBox.Show("Connectioin Sucessfully"); Insert Command private void Inserted_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) try com.commandtext = "insert into STUD values(?,?)"; adp.insertcommand = com; adp.insertcommand.parameters.add("slno", textbox1.text); adp.insertcommand.parameters.add("name", textbox2.text); adp.insertcommand.executenonquery(); MessageBox.Show("Records are Inserted Successfully"); catch MessageBox.Show("Runtime Error at Inserted"); 32

33 Select Command private void Selected_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) try com.commandtext = "select * from STUD where SLNO=?"; com.parameters.add("slno", textbox1.text); rs = com.executereader(); if (rs.read()) textbox1.text = rs.getvalue(0).tostring(); textbox2.text = rs.getvalue(1).tostring(); MessageBox.Show("Selected from the Table Successfully"); catch MessageBox.Show("Runtime error in the Select"); Update Command private void Updated_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) try com.commandtext = "select * from STUD where SLNO=?"; com.parameters.add("slno", textbox1.text); rs = com.executereader(); if (rs.read()) textbox1.text = rs.getvalue(0).tostring(); textbox2.text = rs.getvalue(1).tostring(); MessageBox.Show("Selected from the Table Successfully"); com.commandtext = "update STUD set SLNO=?,NAME=? where SLNO=?"; com.parameters.add("slno", textbox1.text); com.parameters.add("name", textbox2.text); com.executenonquery(); MessageBox.Show("Records Updated Successfully"); catch MessageBox.Show("Runtime error at the Update"); 33

34 Delete Command private void Deleted_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) try com.commandtext = "delete from STUD where SLNO=?"; com.parameters.add("slno", textbox1.text); com.executenonquery(); MessageBox.Show("Record Deleted Successfully"); catch MessageBox.Show("Runtime error at Deleted"); Clear Command private void Clear_Data_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) textbox1.text = ""; textbox2.text = ""; The Output of the Above Program is 34

35 Data Access through Microsoft SQL Server Provider using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Data.SqlClient; namespace DatabaseDemo public partial class Form1 : Form public Form1() InitializeComponent(); string constr = "Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=DemoDB;Integrated Security=True"; SqlConnection con = null; SqlCommand cmd = null; SqlDataReader dr; string str; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); SqlDataAdapter sad; 35

36 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) ds.clear(); try con = new SqlConnection(constr); con.open(); str = "select * from tbuserinfo"; sad = new SqlDataAdapter(str, con); sad.fill(ds, "tbuserinfo"); if (ds.tables[0].rows.count > 0) DataGrid1.DataSource = ds; DataGrid1.SetDataBinding(ds, "tbuserinfo"); else MessageBox.Show("Sorry!\n Search Result Not Found.\n Please try again."); catch (Exception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString()); private void button1_click(object sender, EventArgs e) if (TextBox1.Text.Equals("") && TextBox2.Text.Equals("") && TextBox3.Text.Equals("")) MessageBox.Show("Input datas are cannot be empty"); else try con = new SqlConnection(constr); con.open(); str = "Insert into tbuserinfo Values(" + TextBox1.Text.ToString().Trim() + ","; str = str + "'" + TextBox2.Text.ToString().Trim() + "',"; str = str + "'" + TextBox3.Text.ToString().Trim() + "')"; cmd = new SqlCommand(str, con); cmd.executenonquery(); MessageBox.Show("Successfully Added"); cmd.dispose(); con.close(); catch (Exception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString()); 36

37 private void button2_click(object sender, EventArgs e) if (TextBox1.Text.Equals("")) MessageBox.Show("Search Input Cannot be Empty"); else try con = new SqlConnection(constr); con.open(); str = "Select *from tbuserinfo where code=" + TextBox1.Text.ToString().Trim() + ""; cmd = new SqlCommand(str, con); dr = cmd.executereader(); if (dr.read()) TextBox1.Text = dr.getvalue(0).tostring(); TextBox2.Text = dr.getvalue(1).tostring(); TextBox3.Text = dr.getvalue(2).tostring(); else MessageBox.Show("Record Not Found"); cmd.dispose(); con.close(); catch (Exception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString()); private void button3_click(object sender, EventArgs e) if (TextBox1.Text.Equals("") && TextBox2.Text.Equals("") && TextBox3.Text.Equals("")) MessageBox.Show("Input datas are cannot be empty"); else try con = new SqlConnection(constr); con.open(); 37

38 str = "Update tbuserinfo Set "; str = str + "name='" + TextBox2.Text.ToString().Trim() + "',"; str = str + " id='" + TextBox3.Text.ToString().Trim() + "' where code=" + TextBox1.Text.ToString().Trim() + ""; cmd = new SqlCommand(str, con); cmd.executenonquery(); MessageBox.Show("Successfully Updated"); cmd.dispose(); con.close(); catch (Exception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString()); private void button4_click(object sender, EventArgs e) if (TextBox1.Text.Equals("") && TextBox2.Text.Equals("") && TextBox3.Text.Equals("")) MessageBox.Show("Input datas are cannot be empty"); else try con = new SqlConnection(constr); con.open(); str = "Delete from tbuserinfo where code=" + TextBox1.Text.ToString().Trim() + ""; cmd = new SqlCommand(str, con); cmd.executenonquery(); MessageBox.Show("Successfully Deleted"); cmd.dispose(); con.close(); catch (Exception ex) MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString()); 38

39 THE END 39