JX-Mega128. Get more power of controls. 1. Features. ATmega128 Microcontrollet board - Compatible with Wiring Project

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1 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 1 JX-Mega128 ATmega128 Microcontrollet board - Compatible with Wiring Project Get more power of controls. 1. Features l AVR Microcontroller ATMega128 in Palm size. l Running speed 16MHz l Built-in USB serial converter for Upload and Serial communication l On board 10 pin standard In-System Programming Connector l On board +5V. Low dropout voltage regulator with DC. input terminal Power source selectable between USB Bus powered or On board power supply. l Both pin name and Wiring s port numbering indicate on connection pads l Operationg voltage 5 V. l Download via Bootloader (STK500V2 Compatible and Wiring software ready). l 16x2 LCD module on-top. l 51 I/O ports free connection for interface the real-world application. Only PortA are shared with LCD module connection. Support all standard AVR Tools e.g. [Open Source] l C Language - AVR Studio + WinAVR (Win32 only) l C/C++ Eclipse + AVR Plugins + AVR LibC (for Linux and MacOS X), (WINAVR for Win32) l Wiring software (Win32, MacOS X and Linux) [Commercial] l BASIC / C / Pascal - MikroElektronika l ImageCraft C compiler l etc.. The INEX s JX-Mega128 microcontroller board is re-designed from the original Wiring Board by Hernando Barragan, (see Wiring Project on

2 2 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 2. What s Wiring? Wiring is an open source programming environment and electronics i/o board for exploring the electronic arts, tangible media, teaching and learning computer programming and prototyping with electronics. It illustrates the concept of programming with electronics and the physical realm of hardware control which are necessary to explore physical interaction design and tangible media aspects. Wiring is an open project initiated by Hernando Barrag?n (Universidad de Los Andes Architecture and Design School). Wiring started at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in Italy and it is currently developed at the Universidad de Los Andes in Colombia. Wiring builds on Processing, an open project initiated by Ben Fry (Broad Institute) and Casey Reas (UCLA Design Media Arts). Processing evolved from ideas explored in the Aesthetics and Computation Group at the MIT Media Lab. (All introduction messages are from the Wiring official webssite ; The operation system that supported is : l Mac OS X 10.4 (Both Intel and PowerPC CPU) l Windows XP and Vista l Fedora Core 6 (Linux) 3. Introdcution to ATmega128 : the main microcontroller of JX-Mega128 board and Wiring project The ATmega128 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega128 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed. Summary features of ATmega128 is : l High-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller l Advanced RISC Architecture l 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers + Peripheral Control Registers l Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz l On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier l High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments - 128K Bytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory - 4K Bytes EEPROM/ 4K Bytes Internal SRAM - Write/Erase cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM - Data retention: 20 years at 85 C/100 years at 25

3 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 3 l Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation l Up to 64K Bytes Optional External Memory Space l Programming Lock for Software Security l SPI Interface for In-System Programming l JTAG (IEEE std Compliant) Interface l Peripheral Features Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes Two Expanded 16-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode and Capture Mode Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator Two 8-bit PWM Channels 6 PWM Channels with Programmable Resolution from 2 to 16 Bits Output Compare Modulator Figure 1 : AT mega128 microcontroller pin assignment

4 4 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 8-channel, 10-bit ADC Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface Dual Programmable Serial USARTs Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface Programmable Watchdog Timer with On-chip Oscillator On-chip Analog Comparator l Special Microcontroller Features Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator External and Internal Interrupt Sources Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and Extended Standby Software Selectable Clock Frequency Global Pull-up Disable l I/O and Packages 53 Programmable I/O Lines 64-lead TQFP and 64-pad QFN/MLF l Operating Voltages V ATmega128 The ATmega128 provides the following features: 128K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 4K bytes EEPROM, 4K bytes SRAM, 53 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, Real Time Counter (RTC), four flexible Timer/ Counters with compare modes and PWM, 2 USARTs, a byte oriented Two-wire Serial Interface, an 8-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input stage with programmable gain, programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator, an SPI serial port, IEEE std compliant JTAG test interface, also used for accessing the On-chip Debug system and programming and six software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The device is manufactured using Atmel s high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The Onchip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI serial interface, by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer, or by an On-chip Boot program running on the AVR core. The boot program can use any interface to download the application program in the application Flash memory. Software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. The ATmega128 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, in-circuit emulators and evaluation kits.

5 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 5 4. The JX-Mega128 board description Figure 2 shows the layout of JX-Mega128 board. The complete schematic diagram is shown in the figure 3. The haerst of operation is ATmega128 microcontroller. It works with 16MHz clock from external crystal and kHz external crystal for Real-time counter within the microcontroller chips. The +5V supply voltage is getted from 3 ways as : 1. Via DC jack adaptor. The unregulated +6 to +9Vdc is applied and is regulated as fixed +5V by 78R05 regulated IC. 2. Via DC termainal. The unregulated +6 to +9Vdc is applied and is regulated as fixed +5V by 78R05 regulated IC. 3. Via USB port by selection the Vcc jumper switch to USB position. User must select only one power source for JX-Mega128 board in same time. Serial data LED indicator USB connection status indicator Wiring digital I/O pin 24 to 31 and 35 to 39 Analog input port/ Wiring digital I/O pin 40 to 48 PWM output port 6~9V +6 to +9Vdc Terminal B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 PORTB E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 PORTE PORTF ADC0 ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 ADC5 ADC6 ADC7 PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 PWM4 PWM5 ON +5V indicator +6 to +9Vdc Adaptor jack 16x2 LCD module mini-usb port (download/communication) Vcc jumper selection switch from USB or EXT (external via DC jack or Terminal) USB Vcc USB DATA JX - Mega Wiring0I/O0board -- ISP connector Program mode button EXT Power switch for the exterrnal voltage supply RESET button ON EXT-POWER PROG RESET 0 WIRING pin compatible +VIN +5V PORTD SCL SDA Rx1 Tx1 ICP1 XCK T1 T2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D LED 48 PG0 PORTC C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C JX-Mega128 ATmega128 micro. board PORTG G0 G1 G PORTA A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A Wiring digital I/O pin 48 to 50 Supply voltage and Ground Wiring digital I/O pin 0 to 15 Wiring digital I/O pin 0 to 15 /LCD port Figure 2 : The JX-Mega128 board layout

6 6 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board XTAL kHz XTAL1 16MHz 18 RTCX1 19 RTCX2 23 X1 24 X2 20 RST 25 PD0 (SCL/INT0) 26 PD1 (SDA/INT1) 27 PD2 (RxD1/INT2) 28 PD3 (TxD1/INT3) 29 PD4 (ICP1) 30 PD5 (XCK) 31 PD6 (T1) 32 PD7 (T2) +5V IC2 ATMEGA AVcc PF0 (ADC0) PF1 (ADC1) PF2 (ADC2) PF3 (ADC3) PF4 (ADC4/TCK) PF5 (ADC5/TMS) PF6 (ADC6/TDO) PF7 (ADC7/TDI) R6 47 C F 16V TxD 5 RxD Vcc-IO 3V3 OUT TEST A +5V 20 Vcc IC3 FT232RL 19 RST 14 POWEREN 23 TXLED 22 RXLED D - D R7 1k LED3 USB R8 1k K28 USB mini-b PG0 PG1 PG2 PB5 (OC1A) PB6 (OC1B) PB7 (OC2/OC1C) PE3 (OC3A/AIN1) PE4 (OC3B/INT4) PE5 (OC3C/INT5) PB0 (SS) PB1 (SCK) PB2 (MOSI) PB3 (MISO) PB4 (OC0) C7 22pF R3 PE2 4 10k SW3 PE0 (RXD0) 2 PE2-SW. PE1 (TXD0) 3 PROGRAM 1 PEN 21 Vcc 52 Vcc +5V C5 0.1 F 16V C6 0.1 F 16V C8 22pF K8 WIRING-PORT3 DIO24/SS DIO25/SCK DIO26/MOSI DIO27/MISO DIO28/OC0 DIO29/PWM5 DIO30/PWM4 DIO31/PWM3 DIO35/PWM2 DIO36/PWM1/INT4 DIO37/PWM0/INT5 DIO38/INT6 DIO39/INT7 K7 WIRING-PWM K9 WIRING-PORT4 K3 ISP : In-System Programming PORT MOSI RST SCK MISO Vcc +5V +5V PE6 (T3/INT6) 8 PE7 (ICP3/INT7) 9 PWM5 PWM4 PWM3 PWM2 PWM1 PWM0 K17 WIRING -PORT1 AREF 62 C9 0.1 F 16V C F 16V K18 WIRING -PORT2 Analog_in0/DIO40 Analog_in1/DIO41 Analog_in2/DIO42 Analog_in3/DIO43 Analog_in4/DIO44 Analog_in5/DIO45 Analog_in6/DIO46 Analog_in7/DIO47 C F 16V K19 WIRING-ANALOG_IN DIO48 DIO49 DIO50 35 BD1 1A50V SW1 ON DIO0/SCL/INT0 DIO1/SDA/INT1 DIO2/RxD1/INT2 DIO3/TxD1/INT3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 +5V R4 10k +5V R1 510 SW2 RESET K15 WIRING -PORT0 IC1 78R05 IN SHDN LED1 POWER OUT C F 6.3V R5 510 LED2 WIRING-LED K16 WIRING P48/49/50 C1 0.1 F 63V C4 0.1 F 50V R14 R R13 R13-R x 3 R15 JP1 Vref +5V LED4 DATA R9 4.7k R143 10k DIO8 DIO10 DIO9 DIO11 DIO13 DIO12 DIO15 DIO14 DIO16 DIO18 DIO17 DIO19 DIO21 DIO20 DIO23 DIO PC1 (A9) PC0 (A8) PC3 (A11) PC2 (A10) PC5 (A13) PC4 (A12) PC7 (A15) PC6 (A14) PA0 (AD0) PA2 (AD2) PA1 (AD1) PA5 (AD5) PA4 (AD4) PA3 (AD3) PA7 (AD7) PA6 (AD6) J1/J2 DC.input 6-12V C2 220 F 25V + - J2 J EN R/W RS D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 DSP1 LCD Module 16 x 2 +5V 2 Vcc Vee 3 1 R2 1k R 27 x2 C F 16V D+/USBDP D-/USBDM +V Figure 3 : The JX-Mega128 board schematic diagram

7 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 7 The external I/O device is prepared on the JX-Mega128 board as follows : l 16x2 LCD module : assign the PA0 to PA7 to connect with D0 to D7 LCD data pin, PD7 connected RS pin, PD6 connected R/W pin and PD5 connected E pin of LCD module l PROG Input switch : It functions 2 options. (1) As the active low input switch in Run mode (2) As the program mode switch. User can enter to Program mode by press and hold this switch following press RESET button. l LED (48-PG0) : This simple output device is connected with PG0 port pin of pin 48 of Wiring confuguration. It has 2 functions as follows : (1) In the Run mode; the active high LED output device. (2) In Program mode; use for Program mode indicator. All port pin of ATmega128 are connected to the female header except the pins which use in the In-System Programming. They are connected to the ISP connector. In using the Analog to digtial converter (ADC) module, the reference voltage is assigned to +5V JX-Mega128 interfaces with computer via USB for downlaoding the Wiring code and Serial data communication. The main component for thi puyrpose is FT232RL chip ; USB to serial data converter chip. It is connected with UART1 port of ATmega128. In Wiring project, we use this interfacing to downlaod the Wiring code via bootloader. It helps the developement lowest cost without using the external programmer.

8 8 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 5. Wiring I/O pin assignment of JX-Mega128 board The I/O pins of the Wiring hardware compatible; JX-Mega128 has 51 pins includes digital I/O and Analog input pins as follows : Digital I/O pins : 43 Digital pins that can be configured and used individually as inputs or outputs from the Wiring language in the Wiring programming environment. When a digital pin is configured as INPUT it can be used to read all kind of sensors that give values ON and OFF, like push buttons, touch sensors, switches etc. When a pin is used as an OUTPUT it can be used to turn ON or OFF all sort of devices like light bulbs, motors, home appliances etc. Pin 48 is used as OUTPUT only and it is connected to an red LED (Light emitting diode) located in the board for quickly test programs or as diagnostics. Pin 49 is used as INPUT only and it is connected to an active low push-button switch. It use in Program mode entering. The table 1 shows the relation of Wiring I/O pin name and the real ATmega128 pin name. Wiring port Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name Wiring port Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name Wiring port Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name 0 PD0 16 PA0 32 PE0 1 PD1 17 PA1 33 PE1 2 PD2 18 PA2 34 PE2 0 3 PD3 4 PD PA3 20 PA PE3 36 PE4 5 PD5 21 PA5 37 PE5 6 PD6 22 PA6 38 PE6 7 PD7 23 PA7 39 PE7 8 PC0 24 PB0 40 PF0 9 PC1 25 PB1 41 PF1 10 PC2 26 PB2 42 PF PC3 12 PC PB3 28 PB PF3 44 PF4 13 PC5 29 PB5 45 PF5 14 PC6 30 PB6 46 PF6 15 PC7 31 PB7 47 PF7 48 PG0 49 PG1 50 PG2 Table 1 : Port pin name assignment between Wiring I/O hardware and ATmega128 standard.

9 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 9 Analog inputs : The JX-Mega128 board has 8 Analog Inputs capable of reading voltages between 0 to +5V. Internally the voltages are translated into numbers from 0 to These inputs can be used to measure continuous quantities like light intensity, temperature, proximity, position etc. depending on the type of sensor. PWM output pins : The JX-Mega128 board has 6 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) outputs. PWM consists of switching something ON and OFF thousands of times per second, allowing effects like dimming a light or control the speed of a motor. 6 of PWM pin is shared with Wiring pin 37, 36, 35, 31, 30 and 29 respectively. Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name Operation 37 PE5 36 PE4 35 PE3 31 PB7 30 PB6 29 PB5 PWM0 output PWM1 output PWM2 output PWM3 output PWM4 output PWM5 output Serial ports : The JX-Mega128 has 2 hardware serial ports. One called Serial and the other called Serial1. The Serial serial port is available through the USB connector on the JX- Mega128 board and on the I/O pin 32 (Rx) and 33 (Tx). It is used for both programming the Wiring hardware with the Wiring development environment, and to communicate with other devices. The Serial1 serial port is available on I/O pin 2 (Rx) and 3 (Tx). Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name Operation 32 PE0 33 PE1 2 PD2 3 PD3 RxD input * TxD output * RxD1 input TxD1 output * Connect with FT232 USB to serial converter chip for downloading Wiring code and serial data communication via USB port.

10 10 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board TWI (Two Wire Interface) pin : This pins also known as I 2 C bus interface. The TWI allows to connect up to 128 devices in a network using only 2 pins to communicate with all of them. It is also possible to use those pins to create a network of up to 127 Wiring boards using the Wire library. Pin 0 is assigned to SCL pin of I2C bus and Pin 1 as SDA pin. Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name Operation 0 PC0 1 PC1 I 2 C bus - SCL I 2 C bus - SDA External interrupt pins : It is possible to generate and attend external interrupts in the Wiring hardware. There are 8 external interrupts numbered from 0 to 7 so there are 8 pins on the Wiring hardware capable of external interrupts, 0, 1, 2, 3, 36, 37, 38, and 39 respectively. In addition to being regular digital pins, note that pins 0 and 1 are also used for the Wire library (TWI) and pins 2 and 3 are also the Serial1 serial port pins. Wiring pin ATmega128 pin name Operation 0 PC0 1 PC1 2 PC2 3 PC3 36 PE4 37 PE5 38 PE6 39 PE7 INT0 input INT1 input INT2 input INT3 input INT4 input INT5 input INT6 input INT7 input LCD interface pins : The JX-Mega128 board has a 16-character 2-line LCD module for displaying any operations. It is connected to Port A of ATmega128 or Pin 16 to 23 of Wiring I/O for data pin, Pin 5 connected RS pin, Pin 6 connected R/W pin and Pin 7 connected E pin of LCD module. User can use all LCD interface pin to general purpose I/O by removing the LCD module from the JX-Mega128 board.

11 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l Software installation 6.1 Wiring IDE installation No any special procedure for installation Wiring software. Copy and extract the zip file to your harddisk only. You can run the Wiring IDE by double-click at wiring.exe file. 6.2 USB driver installation (6.2.1) Download the USBDriverInstallerV2.0.0.exe file from or copy from JX-Mega128 CD-ROM. (6.2.2) Double-click at the USBDriverInstallerV2.0.0.exe file to installation USB driver. (6.2.3) Plug the USB cable to USB port and JX-Mega128 board. Set the Vcc jumper switch to USB position. Wait a moment. The blue LED of JX-Mega128 lights ready to use. (6.24) Check the COM port address by clicking Start à Control Panel à System à Hardware à Device Manager

12 12 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board (6.2.5) See the list of USB serial port and remember the COM port address to work with JX-Mega128 board. Normally it will create COM3 or above. In this example is COM Setting USB serial port when higher than COM9 Normally Wiring IDE software can interface with COM port not higher COM9. Thus, user must make sure the USB serial port address not higher than COM9. If higher, please do following procedure. (6.3.1) Connect the JX-Mega128 board to Computer USB port and wait Blue LED indicator on. (6.3.2) Check the COM port address by clicking at Start à Control Panel àsystem (6.3.3) Select the Hardware tab and click on the Device Manager button. (6.3.4) Check the hardware listing. At the Port item, you will found USB Serial port (COM x).if COM port is higher than COM4 (this example is COM10), please click on the rightbutton mouse and select to Properties

13 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 13 (6.3.5) The USB Serial Port (COM10) Properties window will appear. Select the Port Setting tab and set all value following the figure below and click on the Advance button (6.3.6) The Advanced Setting for COM10 will appear. Click on the COM Port Number box to change to COM4 or another port in range COM1 to COM9.

14 14 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board (6.3.7) Set the value following the figure below. Especially at the Latency Timer (msec) suggess to set to 1 and check the box at Serial Enumerator. Click OK button. (6.3.8) Back to the USB Serial Port Properties. Now the COM port number at the title bar will change to COM4. Click on the OK button. (6.3.9) Turn-off and turn-on Vcc jumper switch on the JX-Mega128 for remove and apply the +5V supply voltasge from USB port to JX-Mega128 board. Check the USB Serial port address. The new address must be COM4. Now the JX-Mega128 ready for using with Wiring IDE software.

15 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l JX-Mega128 board and Wiring IDE interfacing After setting the USB serial port address ready, next step is interfacing the JX-Mega128 board with Wiring IDE siftware. (1) Open the Wiring IDE software by double-clicking at wiring.exe file in Wiring-0017 folder (the version number could be change folowing the latest version). Wait a monent about 1 to 2 minutes for first time running of Wirirng IDE software. (2) Select menu Tools à Serial Port for setting the Serial port of Wiring hardware. For example is COM6 Must do this step every new connection of JX-Mega128 board with Wiring IDE (3) Select the bootloader firmware of Wiring I/O hardware which is connected with Wiring IDE by select menu Tools à Firmware version à 2.x

16 16 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 8. Wiring IDE environment Wiring is Open Source Software. The PDE (Processing Development Environment) is released under the GNU GPL (General Public License). The export libraries (also known as core ) are released under the GNU LGPL (Lesser General Public License). Wiring IDE is designed a simple and usable editor for writing and running programs. The Wiring Environment (Integrated Development Environment or IDE) has a text editor and compiler for writing programs for the Wiring I/O Board. See the figure below. When the run button is clicked, the program compiles. The toolbar provides functionality for compiling programs, creating a new sketch, opening, saving, and exporting to the I/O Board. Additional commands are available through the menus. The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting and also shows the locations of errors when programs are compiled. The text area presents messages and can be written from the I/O Board using with the print() programming function. Menu bar Tools bar Sketch tab Text editor area Message area Text area/ Serial Terminal

17 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l Menu bar It include File, Edit, Sketch, Tools and Help menu. It works with the active current sketch tab only File New (Ctrl+N) or click on the button on the Tools bar : Creates a new sketch, named as the current date is the format sketch_yymmdda such as sketch_080407a. Open (Ctrl+O) or click on the button on the Tools bar. : Gives the option to open a sketch from anywhere on the local computer or network, the sketchbook, or to open an example. Save (Ctrl+O) or click on the it s current state. button on the Tools bar : Saves the open sketch in Save as... (Ctrl+Shift+O) : Saves the currently open sketch, with the option of giving it a different name. Does not replace the previous version of the sketch. Upload to I/O Board (Ctrl+U) or click on the button on the Tools bar. : Be default, exports the program to the Wiring I/O Board. After the files are exported, the directory containing the exported files is opened. There is more information about uploading below. Preferences : Allows you to change some of the ways Wiring works. Quit (Ctrl+Q) : Exits the Wiring Environment and closes all Wiring windows.

18 18 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board Edit The Edit menu provides a series of commands for editing the Wiring files. Undo (Ctrl+Z) : Reverses the last command or the last entry typed. Cancel the Undo command by choosing Edit? Redo. Redo (Ctrl+Y) : Reverses the action of the last Undo command. This option is only available, if there has already been an Undo action. Cut (Ctrl+X) : Removes and copies selected text to the clipboard (an off-screen text buffer) Copy (Ctrl+C) : Copies selected text to the clipboard. Paste (Ctrl+V) : Inserts the contents of the clipboard at the location of the cursor, and replaces any selected text. editor. Select All (Ctrl+A) : Selects all of the text in the file which is currently open in the text Find (Ctrl+F) : Finds an occurance of a text string within the file open in the text editor and gives the option to replace it with a different text. Find Next (Ctrl+G) : Finds the next occurance of a text string within the file open in the text editor.

19 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l Sketch The Sketch menu provides a series of commands relate compiling the Wiring files. Verify/Compile (Ctrl+R) or click on the code (compiles the code) button on the Tools bar : Verify the Stop or click on the button on the Tools bar : Stops current activity. Show Sketch Folder : Opens the directory for the current sketch. Add File : Opens a file navigator. Select a code files to add it to the sketches data directory. Import Library : Open the included library of Wiring Tools Auto Format (Ctrl+T) : Attempts to format the code into a more human-readable layout. Auto Format was previously called Beautify. Firmware version : Select the suitable bootloader firmware of Wiring I/O board. Serial Port : Allows to select which serial port to use as default for uploading code to the Wiring I/O Board or monitor data comming from it. The data coming from the Wiring I/O Board is printed in character format in the text area region of the console.

20 20 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board Help Getting Started : Opens the getting started in the default Web browser. Troubleshooting : Opens the troubleshooting in the default Web browser. Reference : Opens the reference in the default Web browser. Includes reference for the language, programming environment, libraries, and a language comparison. Find in Reference (Ctrl+Shift+F) : Select a word in your program and select Find in Reference to open that reference HTML page. Visit Wiring.org.co (Ctrl+5) : Opens default Web browser to the Wiring homepage. About Wiring : Opens a concise information panel about the software.

21 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l Toolbar The toolbar provides access to the seven basic functions of Processing: Run, Stop, New, Open, Save, Export, Serial monitor. Run : Copiles the code Stop : Terminates any activity on the editor New : Creates a new sketch. In Wiring, projects are called sketches. Open : Select and load a pre-existing sketch. A menu opens and you may choose from your own sketchbook, examples, or you can open a sketch from anywhere on your computer or network. Save : Saves the current sketch into the Processing sketches folder. If you want to give the sketch a name other than the current date, you can choose Save As from the File menu. Upload to I/O Board : Exports the current sketch into the sketchbook and uploads it to the Wiring I/O Board. The directory containing the files is opened. Serial monitor : Opens a serial port connection to monitor the data comming from the Wiring I/O Board, this is very useful for debugging and verification. 8.3 Serial monitor Wiring IDE has a Serial monitor. It is a seial data communication tool. User can transmit, receive and show the serial data via this monitor with USB seiral port of computer. In the developted sketch code, must put two imporatant commnands as follows : 1. Serial.begin() : Set the baud rate of serial data communication. Normally the baud rate value is 9600 bit per second. Must add this command into Setup() of sketchbook. 2. Serial.println() : Assign the sending message to Serial monitor on the Wiring IDE. Openning the Serial mmonitor is very easy. Click on the button at Toolbar. The message area at the bottom of the main screen will change to the Serial monitor window following the figure below.

22 22 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 9. How to develop the program (1) Check the hardware connection. Important is Serial port that connect with hardware and Wiring IDE. (2) Opne the Wiring IDE. Create the new sketch file by clicking on the button at Toolbar or select from File à New (3) Type the exmaple code below int ledpin = 48; // LED connected to the Wiring I/O board pin 48 void setup() { mydisplay.clear(); mydisplay.home(); mydisplay.print(a); // Send message to LCD screen Serial.begin(9600); // Set baudrate to 9600 bps. Serial.println(a); // Send message to Serial Monitor pinmode(ledpin, OUTPUT); // Sets the digital pin as output } void loop() { digitalwrite(ledpin, HIGH); delay(1000); digitalwrite(ledpin, LOW); delay(1000); } // Sets the LED on // Waits for a second // LED off (4) Go to menu File à Save As for saving the new sketch as hello. Now we have hello.pde in the hello folder. (5) Compile this sketch file by clicking on the button at Toolbar ot menu Sketch à Compile/Verify. If have any error occured, the eror and warning message are shown at the Message area and Text area following the figure below. Back to edit the code to fix any error and re-compile again until completly. The Message area shows Done compiling message following the picture below. After done compiling, in the hello folder have the new folder occur. It is Applet folder. This folder contains C/C++ sourcecode and the output file.hex. for example as hello.hex, hello.cpp and hello.pde

23 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 23 (6) Press and hold the RESET button on the JX-Mega128 board following press the PROG button. Next release the RESET button following release the PROG button. The JX-Mega128 board will enter to Program mode. LED at PG0 or Pin 48 is turned-on. 3 Wait the USB connection enumerated. Observe the USB indicator is turned-on. 1 Connect USB cable with computor 6~9V B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 PORTB E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 PORTE PORTF ADC0 ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 ADC5 ADC6 ADC7 PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 PWM4 PWM5 ON 2 Set the Vcc jumper switch to USB position for selecting +5V supply voltage from USB port ON USB Vcc EXT EXT-POWER USB DATA PROG RESET 0 WIRING pin compatible +VIN +5V JX - Mega Wiring0I/O0board -- PORTD SCL SDA Rx1 Tx1 ICP1 XCK T1 T2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D LED 48 JX-Mega128 PG0 ATmega128 micro. board PORTC PORTA C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A PORTG G0 G1 G Press the PROG button following 6~9V B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 PORTB E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 PORTE PORTF ADC0 ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 ADC5 ADC6 ADC7 PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 PWM4 PWM5 ON USB Vcc EXT USB DATA JX - Mega Wiring0I/O0board -- 4 Press and hold the RESET button ON EXT-POWER PROG RESET 0 WIRING pin compatible +VIN +5V PORTD SCL SDA Rx1 Tx1 ICP1 XCK T1 T2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D LED 48 JX-Mega128 PG0 ATmega128 micro. board PORTC C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C PORTG G0 G1 G PORTA A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A Release the PROG button 8 PG0-LED is turned-on for program mode. 6~9V B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 PORTB E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 PORTE PORTF ADC0 ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 ADC5 ADC6 ADC7 PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 PWM4 PWM5 ON USB Vcc EXT USB DATA JX - Mega Wiring0I/O0board -- 6 Release the RESET button ON EXT-POWER PROG RESET 0 WIRING pin compatible +VIN +5V PORTD SCL SDA Rx1 Tx1 ICP1 XCK T1 T2 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D LED 48 JX-Mega128 PG0 ATmega128 micro. board PORTC C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C PORTG G0 G1 G PORTA A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A Figure 5 : How to entering program mode of JX-Mega128 board.

24 24 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board (7) Click on the Upload I/O Board at Toolbar. Now the uploading is working. After finishing, The message Done uploading. RESET the I/O board to start the new program will show at the Message area. At the Text area, it shows all compiling information include the output file size. If have any error is occured, the error and warning message will appear in the Text area window following the picture below. The most of error is Selection the COM port incorrect or The hardware is not in the Program mode. You can see the Troubleshooting section to fix this error.

25 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l 25 (8) After uploading, Click on the Serial monitor button at the Toolbar to open the Serial monitor. (9) Press the RESET button of JX-Mega128 board to run the program. The LCD module shows Hello World! message on the upper line and PG0-LED blink. At the Serial Monitor window shows Hello World! message.

26 26 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 10. Troubleshooting 10.1 Click the Upload button, no any action or freeze. Causing : Wiring IDE cannot connect with JX-Mega128 board because it is not in Program mode. Solution : (10.1.1) Press Ctrl, Alt and Delete keys in same time. The Window Security window will appear. Click at Task Manager. The Window Task mangaer window appears. Select the list Wiring-0017 Alpha following click on the End Task button to stop this application. (10.1.2) End Program dialog box appears. Click on the End Now button. (10.1.3) Wiring IDE is closing suddenly. You can re-start Wiring IDE again by double-click at wiring.exe file to run this software continue.

27 JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board l Click the Upload button. The failed messages are appeared at the Text area. Causing : WiringIDE cannot connect the JX-Mega128 board because the COM port (USB serial port) incorrect. Solution : (10.2.1) Check the correct serial port in Device manager of your OS. If your USB serial port is higher than COM9, you must set the new address to lower than COM9. See the Section 6.3 for more details. (10.2.2) Back to Wiring IDE to Seleect the correct serial port by entering menu Tools à Serial port.

28 28 l JX-Mega128 : ATmega128 Microcontroller Project board 11. More information about Sketchbook All Wiring projects are called sketches. Each sketch has it s own directory (folder) and inside there is the main program file which has the same name as the sketch. For example, if the name of the sketch is Sketch_123, the directory for the sketch will be called Sketch_123 and the main file will be called Sketch_123.pde. Sketches need other directories inside to contain additional media files and code libraries. Additional code libraries must be placed within a directory entitled code. When a sketch is exported, all files from the code directories are exported into into a single.hex file with the same name as the sketch. For example, if the sketch is named Sketch_123, the exported file will be called Sketch_123.hex Sketches are all kept in the Wiring directory, which will be in different places on your computer or network, depending if you use PC, Mac, or Linux and how you have your preferences set. To locate this directory, select the Preferences option in the File menu. It is possible to have multiple program divisions in one sketch. Each of these divisions is visible as a tab in the area below the menu. When a program is compiled these divisions are made into one file and compile as a single program. Divisions can also be separate C files (the extension.c) which are compiled together with the Wiring files. To add a new division, click on the arrow to the right of the tabs. You can write functions and classes in new divisions and you can write any C code in files with the.c extension. (All information above are from the Wiring official webssite ; More information about Uploading Upload creates a version of the sketch that can run within the Wiring I/O Board. When code is exported from Wiring, it is changed into C++ code and then compiled. When a project is uploaded, a series of files are written to an applet directory which is created within the primary sketch directory. If the sketch is called Sketch_123, the applet directory contains for following: Sketch_123.hex : HEX file containing all necessary code for the sketch to run on the Wiring I/O Board. Includes the Wiring code as well as those custom to the sketch. Sketch_123.cpp : The C++ file generated by the pre-processor from the PDE file. This is the actual file which is compiled into the HEX file by g++, the C++ Compiler used in Wiring. Sketch_123.pde : The original program file. Every time a sketch is uploaded, all of the above files are re-written. When a sketch is uploaded, all files (including those in the code directory) are packed into a single HEX file. Libraries not needed for the application should be deleted before uploading to keep the files size small. (All information above are from the Wiring official webssite ;