Wireless Sensors for IOT s

Transcription

1 Track 4 - Session 8 - Wireless Sensors Wireless Sensors for IOT s Jeff Johnson Naval District Washington CIO August [XX], 2017 Tampa Convention Center Tampa, Florida

2 Advantages of Wireless Communication Any data or information can be transmitted faster and with a high speed Maintenance and installation is less cost for these networks IOT devices are using wireless as a means of a more ubiquitous sensor environment Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 2

3 Disadvantages of Wireless Communication An unauthorized person can easily capture the wireless signals which spread through the air. It is important to secure the wireless devices so that the information cannot be misused by unauthorized users Accrediting authority must consider data and security risks as part of the overall design, as wireless may open backdoors to other network devices Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 3

4 Astrolavos Lab What is the problem with IOT? Credit: Manos Antonakakis, PhD Assistant Professor, ECE, Georgia Tech 4

5 DISA STIG Requirements If Wireless devices transmit unclassified DoD data, then they must use FIPS validated cryptographic modules for data in transit. FIPS validation provides assurance that the cryptographic modules are implemented correctly and resistant to compromise. Failure to use FIPS validated cryptographic modules makes it more likely that sensitive DoD data will be exposed to unauthorized people. NOTE: This does not apply to Wireless telemetry sensor data where the accrediting authority has determined the data is not sensitive. Navy Authority: Avoid non-compliant solutions and utilize the approved NAVY architecture ; we have to manage risk and this is an area where we have to wisely prevent the introduction of unnecessary risk. Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 5

6 Bluetooth A Bluetooth technology is a high speed low powered wireless technology link that is designed to connect devises. It uses a low power radio devices that transmits over short distance ( around 30 feet). It is achieved by embedded low cost transceivers into the devices. It utilizes frequency band of 2.45GHz. Bluetooth can connect up to eight devices simultaneously and each device offers a unique 48 bit address with the connections being made point to point or multipoint. History Of Bluetooth: Bluetooth wireless technology was named after a Danish Viking and King, Harald Blatand; his last name means Bluetooth in English. He united Denmark and Norway, just as Bluetooth wireless technology unites disparate devices. Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 6

7 Zigbee A high-level communication protocols used to create networks with small, low-power radios such as for home automation, medical device data collection, and other low-power low-bandwidth needs, designed for projects which need wireless connection. The technology is intended to be simpler and less expensive than bluetooth or WiFi. Applications include wireless light switches, electrical meters with in-home-displays, traffic management systems, and other consumer and industrial equipment that requires short-range low-rate wireless data transfer. It transmits up to 300ft. Zigbee devices can transmit data over long distances by passing data through a mesh of devices to reach more distant ones. Zigbee name refers to the waggle dance of honey bees after their return to the beehive. Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 7

8 ISA 100 Wireless Systems for Industrial Automation Key technical features of ISA100 Wireless include the following: Distributed control in the field (object technology in smart devices) Multiple protocols, including wired HART, supported in a single network (object technology) Functionality beyond traditional wireless sensor network (WSN) applications Time-enhanced, two-layer AES-128 based security, and support for all AES security levels (one manufacturer has FIPS certification) Provision over the air (OTA) capabilities or directly using out of band (OOB) Scalable and reliable network tested to 500 devices (so far) Proven reliability in congested wireless environments IPv6-based technology (6LoWPAN) for industrial applications, supports the Internet of Things More expensive than Bluetooth or Zigbee but developed for the Industrial Marketplace and can meet DISA STIG requirements Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 8

9 Astrolavos Lab IoT Network Indicators IoT devices are extremely chatty. They tend to connect to tens of different locations in the Internet. 9

10 Astrolavos Lab What is the attack surface for IoTs? Credit: Manos Antonakakis, PhD Assistant Professor, ECE, Georgia Tech 10

11 Recent Quotes Dams, the power grid and other such infrastructure were once closed network systems. Then they were added to the Internet. "We still thought of them as closed networks -- but they're not," said Lt. Gen. Edward Cardon, commander of U.S. Army Cyber Command and Second Army. "Other systems touch them and that starts to create some problems," such as vulnerabilities to being hacked, he said. Mark Bristow, chief of Incident Response, Department of Homeland Security, Industrial Control Systems-Cyber Emergency Response Team, said there are in the U.S. 84,000 devices running buildings, power plants and other infrastructure, all connected to and part of the "Internet of things," or IoT. Another example, Bristow said, are Nest Learning Thermostats, which are replacing traditional thermostats in ever-increasing numbers. If someone hacked into this system on a large scale, there would be lots of unintended consequences from the design perspective. Mark McLaughlin, chairman of the board, Palo Alto Networks, said there's been a big uptick in ransom attacks at hospitals, where hackers demand ransom money or else they threaten to shut down life-support equipment the hospitals use that's connected to the IoT. McLaughlin added that trust in the IoT "is bleeding out" and that there's a "razor-thin margin between chaos and order" in this IoT-driven society that touches everyone's lives. 1 Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 1

12 Questions 1 Energy Exchange: Connect Collaborate Conserve 2