NJDOT Companion Manual to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures

Transcription

1 FHWA-NJ NJDOT Companion Manual to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures FINAL REPORT June 2003 Submitted by Mr. Patrick Szary Research Engineer and Associate Director and Dr. Ali Maher Professor and Director Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering Center for Advanced Infrastructure & Transportation (CAIT) Rutgers, The State University Piscataway, NJ NJDOT Research Project Manager Mr. Anthony Chmiel In cooperation with New Jersey Department of Transportation Division of Research and Technology and U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

2 Disclaimer Statement "The contents of this report reflect the views of the author(s) who is (are) responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the New Jersey Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation." The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program, in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof.

3 1. Report No. FHWA-NJ Government Accession No. TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE 3. Recipient s Catalog No. 4. Title and Subtitle NJDOT Companion Manual to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures 7. Author(s) Mr. Patrick Szary and Dr. Ali Maher 9. Performing Organization Name and Address New Jersey Department of Transportation CN 600 Trenton, NJ Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Federal Highway Administration U.S. Department of Transportation Washington, D.C. 5. Report Date June Performing Organization Code CAIT/Rutgers 8. Performing Organization Report No. FHWA-NJ Work Unit No. 11. Contract or Grant No. 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report 1/01/2001-4/30/ Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract The New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) Research Division wanted to develop and implement an interactive CD-ROM as a New Jersey-specific companion manual to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures. The research team developed a framework for the companion manual that met NJDOT s requirements. The manual chapters, sections, and procedures were set-up similar to those in the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, to allow for easy referencing. New Jersey-specific values for parameters needed in the structural analysis and design of pavements were added and identified. This document outlines the requirements for a CD-ROM based Multimedia Companion to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, sponsored by NJDOT and developed by Rutgers CAIT, AID Inc. and ATC Brunswick. 17. Key Words AASHTO, pavement, design, guide, companion, interactive 18. Distribution Statement 19. Security Classif (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 48 Form DOT F (8-69)

4 Acknowledgements The authors wish to express their appreciation to the New Jersey Department of Transportation for the allotment of funds making this research possible. Special thanks are extended to Mr. Nicholas Vitillo and Mr. Anthony Chmiel of the NJDOT for their support and extending the opportunity to participate in such a significant and extensive research program. The authors would also like to thank Kaz Tabrizi of Advanced Infrastructure Design (AID) and Advanced Technology Concepts (ATC) of Hoboken, New Jersey for their programming efforts. ii

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract...1 Background...1 Features and Goals...2 Features of Application...2 Goals of Application...2 Description of Environments...2 General Constraints...3 Software Requirements...4 Use Case Specification...7 Starting the Application...7 Following the Links...7 Moving Back...7 Invoking Help Page...7 Quitting the Application...7 Conclusion...8 Appendix Flow Diagrams of CD Content...9 MAIN PAGE (NJDOT COMPANION MANUAL & DESIGN GUIDE)...9 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN RIGID PAVEMENT DESIGN FLEXIBLE OVERLAY DESIGN RIGID OVERLAY DESIGN COMPOSITE OVERLAY DESIGN ASPHALT PAVEMENT REPAIR RIGID PAVEMENT REPAIR PLANNED REHABILITATION RIVID PAVEMENT DIMENSIONING TRAFFIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS EXISTING EFFECTIVE STRUCTURAL NUMBER, SN EFF FLEXIBLE OVERLAY DIMENSIONING FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DIMENSIONING LAYERS AND LAYER COEFFICIENTS SUBGRADE MODULUS OF REACTION, K ESAL DIRECTIONAL DISTRIBUTION LANE DISTRIBUTION EFFECTIVE ROADBED RESILIENT MODULUS, M R EXISTING LAYERS AND LAYER COEFFICIENTS PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS PERIOD SERVICEABILITY LOSS,?PSI STANDARD DEVIATION, S SUPERPAVE LAYER INFORMATION LABORATORY M R DATA NJ REGIONAL SEASON LENGTH iii

6 RELIABILITY, R LABORATORY RESILIENT MODULUS AND ELASTIC K-VALUE Appendix Images from CD-ROM LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Access Scheme...3 Figure 2 Cover of CD-ROM Jewel Case Figure 3 Label on CD-ROM Figure 4 Opening Navigation Screen (interactive menu to guide the pavement engineer through the design process) Figure 5 Submodule, the boxes with the NJDOT logo in the right corner have additional New Jersey-specific information (NJ parameters can be obtained by clicking on the box with the NJDOT logos) Figure 6 New Jersey-specific parameters (note how the information is dislayed based on whether the project is north of I-78 and west of I-287) Figure 7 Example Page (there are three design examples provided as part of the software) LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Definitions...v Table 2 Acronyms...vi Table 3 Functional Requirements...4 Table 4 Performance Requirements...5 Table 5 Interface Requirements...5 Table 6 Test Requirements...6 Table 7 Documentation Requirements...6 iv

7 Definition Application User Page Main Page Help Page Examples Page Control Button Module Main Module Submodule Instruction Question Book CD Table 1 Definitions Description NJDOT Companion Manual to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures Person, who runs the application and works with it Graphical page with controls readable and accessible by users The page the application starts from Window with help message Window with examples Anything that can be placed on a page including text messages, buttons, images, edit fields, check boxes, radio buttons, etc. Graphical sign or text message which is the only way of interaction between users and application Logical set of instructions and questions consisting of one or more pages Module located on the Main Page Any module except Main Module Text message informing users what to do Text message asking users about their selection with two or more available buttons 1993 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures A compact disk with the Application v

8 Table 2 Acronyms Acronym NJDOT Rutgers CAIT AID ATC BRUNSWICK LCCA PCCP HMA AADT ESAL FWD SN eff SN LDF DCP CBR M R NJ HWY Description New Jersey Department of Transportation Center for Advanced Infrastructure & Transportation Rutgers, The State University Advanced Infrastructure Design (the Company hired to develop the Application Content) Advanced Technology Concepts (the Company hired to develop the Application) Life Cycle Cost Analysis Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Hot Mix Asphalt Average Annual Daily Traffic Equivalent Single Axle Load Falling Weight Deflectometer Effective Structural Number Structural Number Lane Distribution Factor Dynamic Cone Penetrometer California Bearing Ratio Resilient Modulus New Jersey Highway vi

9 ABSTRACT The New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) Research Division wanted to develop and implement an interactive CD-ROM as a New Jersey-specific companion manual to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures. The research team developed a framework for the companion manual that met NJDOT s requirements. The manual chapters, sections, and procedures were set-up similar to those in the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, to allow for easy referencing. New Jersey-specific values for parameters needed in the structural analysis and design of pavements were added and identified. This document outlines the requirements for a CD-ROM based Multimedia Companion to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, sponsored by NJDOT and developed by Rutgers CAIT, AID Inc. and ATC Brunswick. BACKGROUND Many organizations are faced with an increasing need for training, despite substantial reduction in their training budgets. As a result, training professionals are looking for alternative approaches to meet their training needs. One alternative, which is gaining broad acceptance, is multi-media training, delivered in such mediums as CD-ROMs. This technology has been evolving over the last decade and is now at a stage that it can be used efficiently for real-time applications. The driving forces for this technology are at present, the multi-media technology for course content generation and presentation, and the Internet as the on-line course delivery system. NJDOT personnel and pavement design consultants were used to determine New Jerseyspecific values for parameters needed in the structural analysis and design of pavements. The primary parameters of interest were those related to traffic, material characterization, subgrade characteristics, seasonal variation of material properties, and rehabilitation considerations. Specifically, design parameters included: Initial serviceability for different pavement types and classes Terminal serviceability for different pavement types and classes Reliability level different pavement types and classes Overall standard deviation for different pavement types and classes Seasonal adjustment factors Layer coefficients for different material types Back calculation subgrade correction factors PCC effective thickness parameters The CD companion guide for the structural analysis of pavements utilized an objectiveoriented approach. This approach guides the designer based on his/her objective and the 1

10 available data at-hand. In this manner, the user is guided through the companion manual without exposure to irrelevant design procedures and/or steps. This project developed and delivered a multi-purpose, multi-media based, CD-ROM Companion to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures. As previously indicated, customizing and standardizing the AASHTO design procedure to reflect New Jersey conditions was a priority task. FEATURES AND GOALS Features of Application - Application is a CD-ROM based e-learning tool. - Application is a CD-ROM based guide with buttons between pages and choices - Application is interactive. Goals of Application - The objective of the NJ Companion Manual is to provide pavement designers with step-by-step instructions for NJDOT application of the 1993 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures. Description of Environments - The Manual is intended to be used by Pavement Design Engineers. - The Application will work in a P.C. based environment. - The Application will be run from local CD-ROM, local hard drive or network file server. 2

11 GENERAL CONSTRAINTS Access model to the guide is presented below: Figure 1 Access Scheme 3

12 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS Id FR_001 FR_002 FR_003 FR_004 FR_005 FR_006 FR_007 FR_008 FR_009 FR_010 FR_011 FR_012 FR_013 FR_014 FR_015 FR_016 FR_017 FR_018 FR_019 FR_020 FR_021 FR_022 Table 3 Functional Requirements Description Application should be a graphical electronic guide to NJDOT application of the AASHTO 1993 guidelines Application should be run from local CD-ROM, local hard drive and network file server Application should be delivered on a CD-ROM Application will consist of one or more pages Application should start from the page called Main Page Application should guide users through AASHTO 1993 Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures Application should give users references to the Book Application should instruct users if there is only one path available If the path of the guide divides into two or more paths, Application should ask questions to users about their selection Users should follow the path by clicking buttons Users should be able to click only allowed buttons Disallowed buttons should be disabled or hidden Users should be able to invoke context-sensitive help by clicking Help button Users should be able to return to the previous page by clicking Back button Users should be able to return to the Main Page by clicking Home button Users should be able to choose path by clicking corresponding buttons Users should be able to quit Application by clicking Exit button Instructions and questions should be divided into logical Modules Each module should consist of one or more pages Main Module should be on the Main Page Submodules should be entered and returned from as whole entities Users should be able to print pages by clicking Print button 4

13 FR_023 FR_024 Users should be able to invoke page with examples by clicking Examples button Help Page should be shown every time the application is run Id PR_001 Table 4 Performance Requirements Description After inserting the CD-ROM, the delay between beginning of loading and starting the application should not exceed 15 seconds (local CD-ROM only) PR_002 The delay between user s click on the button and transition should not exceed 1 second Id IR_001 IR_002 IR_003 IR_004 IR_005 IR_006 IR_007 IR_008 IR_009 IR_010 Table 5 Interface Requirements Description Application should have attractive and intuitive interface Window header should display application name and the current submodule (or just application name if Main Module) Application name should be on each page Submodule name should be on each page of submodule Instructions and questions should attract attention of users Text messages of different types (window headers, application name, module names, instructions and questions) should be different in style, font and color Mouse pointer should change its look when pointing to a button Available buttons should differ from unavailable Buttons Exit, Help, Home, Print, Examples and Back should differ from those that allow users to select from multiple choices Buttons that point to another selection on the same page, to another page and to another module, should clearly differ from each other 5

14 Id TR_001 TR_002 TR_003 Table 6 Test Requirements Description Quality Assurance must be carried out by ATC Brunswick, Rutgers CAIT and NJDOT. Bugs found during QA will be reported to ATC Brunswick and fixed prior to the Release Bugs reported after the Product Release will be fixed in subsequent Releases, if any. Id DR_001 DR_002 DR_003 DR_004 Table 7 Documentation Requirements Description Instructions on how to run CD-ROM and the System Requirements must be published on the CD-ROM jewel case insert. Main Page should have a button Help with link to a Help page where application functionalities will be described Frequently Asked Questions file will be generated based on customer feedback and available online via Internet. All available information will also be published on CD-ROMs and the Internet with every new release DR_005 The title text on CD cover should be NJDOT Companion to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures. 6

15 USE CASE SPECIFICATION Starting the Application User inserts the CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive Help Page is opened to describe the usage of the application. After a user closes Help Page, Main Page is displayed and the application awaits user s selection. Following the Links User clicks on one of the available buttons on a page Application shows/enables available path if it is on the same page, or If the path follows to other page, application opens it Moving Back User clicks Back button to return to the previous page, or User clicks Home button to return to the Home Page, or User clicks highlighted button to get back to the previous selection Invoking Help Page User clicks Help button and the Help Page will appear with description of usage. Quitting the Application User clicks Exit button in the window to close the application 7

16 CONCLUSION The NJDOT Research Division Companion Guide to the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures CD-ROM project was created to develop an innovative and effective tool to assist pavement designers with step-by-step pavement design instructions. This technology based companion product is tailored toward individual designers, providing them with a self-pace of usage that utilizes their expertise, experience, and knowledge. It is based on a multi-media system with a CD-ROM delivery mechanism. The system integrates the latest distant learning tools capabilities, thus providing an effective, advanced and easy to use tool for pavement design. The program, which takes advantage of interactive-based technologies, assists pavement engineers in design and provides New Jersey-specific parameters. 8

17 APPENDIX FLOW DIAGRAMS OF CD CONTENT MAIN PAGE (NJDOT COMPANION MANUAL & DESIGN GUIDE) 9

18 10

19 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN 11

20 RIGID PAVEMENT DESIGN 12

21 FLEXIBLE OVERLAY DESIGN 13

22 RIGID OVERLAY DESIGN 14

23 COMPOSITE OVERLAY DESIGN 15

24 ASPHALT PAVEMENT REPAIR 16

25 RIGID PAVEMENT REPAIR 17

26 PLANNED REHABILITATION 18

27 RIVID PAVEMENT DIMENSIONING 19

28 TRAFFIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 20

29 EXISTING EFFECTIVE STRUCTURAL NUMBER, SN EFF 21

30 FLEXIBLE OVERLAY DIMENSIONING 22

31 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DIMENSIONING 23

32 LAYERS AND LAYER COEFFICIENTS 24

33 SUBGRADE MODULUS OF REACTION, K 25

34 ESAL 26

35 DIRECTIONAL DISTRIBUTION Use D D = 0.5 unless otherwise directed by NJDOT. LANE DISTRIBUTION Use the following Table unless otherwise directed by NJDOT No. of Lanes in Each Direction D L 1 100% 2 100% 3 80% 4 75% 27

36 EFFECTIVE ROADBED RESILIENT MODULUS, M R 28

37 EXISTING LAYERS AND LAYER COEFFICIENTS 29

38 PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS PERIOD For High Volume Interstate Highways: Use a 30 year design & analysis life All others: Use a 20 year design & analysis life SERVICEABILITY LOSS,?PSI P o = Initial Serviceability Index P t = Terminal Serviceability Index? PSI = Serviceability Loss = P o - P t P t P o P o Concrete HMA Interstate State NWY County Road Type STANDARD DEVIATION, S 0 For HMA: Use 0.45 unless otherwise stated by NJDOT For Concrete: Use 0.35 unless otherwise stated by NJDOT 30

39 SUPERPAVE LAYER INFORMATION 31

40 LABORATORY M R DATA 32

41 33

42 NJ REGIONAL SEASON LENGTH 34

43 RELIABILITY, R Use the following values for Reliability, R, unless otherwise stated by NJDOT: For Urban Interstate and Freeways: R=95% For Rural Interstate and Principal Arterials: R=90% For Collectors and Local Roadways: R=85% 35

44 LABORATORY RESILIENT MODULUS AND ELASTIC K-VALUE Recommended laboratory (ideal conditions) resilient modulus and elastic k-value ranges for various soil types AASHTO Class Description Unified Class Dry Density ( lb/ft 3 ) CBR (persent) k- value (psi/in) Lab Resilient Modulus (psi) Coarse-grained soils: A-1-a, well Glavel GW,GP graded A-1-a, poorly graded A-1-b Coarse sand SW A-3 Fine sand SP A-2 soils (granular materials with high fines): A-2-4, Silty gravel GM gravelly A-2-5, gravelly Silty sandy gravel A-2-4, sandy Silty sand SM A-2-5, sandy Silty gravelly sand A-2-6, Clayey gravel GC gravely A-2-7, gravelly Clayey sandy gravel A-2-6, sandy A-2-7, sandy Clayey sand Clayey gravelly sand SC Fine-grained soils:* Silt A-4 Silt/sand/gravel ML,OL mixture A-5 Poorly graded silt MH A-6 Plastic clay CL A-7-5 Moderately plastic elastic clay CL,OL A-7-6 Highly plastic elastic clay CH,OH * Elastic k-value and resilient modulus of fine-grained soil are highly dependent on degree of saturation. 1 lb/ft 3 = kg/m 3, 1 psi/in = kpa/mm 36

45 APPENDIX IMAGES FROM CD-ROM Figure 2 Cover of CD-ROM Jewel Case. 37

46 Figure 3 Label on CD-ROM. 38

47 Figure 4 Opening Navigation Screen (interactive menu to guide the pavement engineer through the design process). 39

48 Figure 5 Submodule, the boxes with the NJDOT logo in the right corner have additional New Jersey-specific information (NJ parameters can be obtained by clicking on the box with the NJDOT logos). 40

49 Figure 6 New Jersey-specific parameters (note how the information is dislayed based on whether the project is north of I-78 and west of I-287). 41

50 Figure 7 Example Page (there are three design examples provided as part of the software). 42