Multi-gigabit Switching and Routing
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1 Multi-gigabit Switching and Routing Gignet 97 Europe: June 12, Nick McKeown Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Multigigabit and Terabits 1. How rs have Evolved 2. Multigigabit Routing 3. Terabit Switching and Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 2 of 19
2 The Evolution of rs The first shared memory routers Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 3 of 19 The Evolution of rs The first shared memory routers Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 4 of 19
3 The Evolution of rs Reducing the number of bus copies Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 5 of 19 The Evolution of rs Reducing the number of bus copies updates Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 6 of 19
4 The Evolution of rs Avoiding bus contention ROUTE Advantage: Non-blocking backplane high throughput Disadvantage: Difficult to provide QoS Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 7 of 19 Multigigabit and Terabits 1. How rs have Evolved 2. Multigigabit Routing 3. Terabit Switching and Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 8 of 19
5 Multigigabit Routing BBN s Multigigabit r ROUTE ROUTE 5Mpps 2.4Gb/s 2.4Gb/s 50Gb/s Crossbar 2.4Gb/s Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 9 of 19 Routing Lookups Class A Class B Class C D Class A Class B Class C Exact Match (hash, cache, pipeline...) Routing Table: Port 4 Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 10 of 19
6 Routing Lookups with CIDR ( supernetting ) CIDR uses longest matching prefix routing: / / / Hashing, caching and pipelining are hard! Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 11 of 19 Solution 1: Label Swapping Signaling & Mgmt Processor Data Hdr Label Forwarding Decision Interconnect Output Scheduler Direct Lookup NewLabel Port IP Switching, Tag Switching, ARIS, Cell-switched r,... Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 12 of 19
7 Solution 2: Perform Lookups Faster! Number in routing table Prefix length / Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 13 of 19 Solution 2 (cont): 20 million lookups per second 16Mbytes of 50ns DRAM Port 4 look further Port 4 Port 3 <1Mbyte of 50ns DRAM Port 4 Port look further Port 3 Port 4 Port 5 Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 14 of 19
8 Multigigabit and Terabits 1. How rs have Evolved 2. Multigigabit Routing 3. Terabit Switching and Routing Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 15 of 19 The Tiny Tera Soda can switch core 32x32 switch, ~16Gbps per port Aggregate bandwidth: 0.5Tbps Port Crossbar Stack Requires high speed chip-to-chip links. Schedulers must be fast, fair and efficient. Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 16 of 19
9 High Bandwidth Parallel Datapath Scheduler Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 17 of 19 The Tiny Tera Port Architecture SRAM 64 Data Slice Gbps SRAM 64 Data Slice 8 Application-specific Port Processor Scheduler Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 18 of 19
10 The Tiny Tera 32 ports, 16 Gb/s per port. Input-queued architecture. High bandwidth parallel datapath. Efficient unicast and multicast. Four priority levels. Fixed and variable length packets. Tag switching. Asymmetric high-speed serial links. Multigigabit and Terabit Switching and Routing Page 19 of 19
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