Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using RFID.

Transcription

1 Project Report On Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using RFID. Submitted To: Mr. Hasib Md. Abid Bin Farid Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, AUST. Submitted By: 1. Name : Saila Kabir ID No. : Name : Baizeed Ahmed Bhuiyan ID No. : Name : Shourav Saha ID No. : Name : Ayon Roy ID No. : nd Year 2 nd Semester, Section-A

2 Introduction: The objective of this project is to introduce an automated railway gate control system replacing the existing manual gate control system. This reduces the possibility of accidents if implemented correctly. In the present system, rail gate is controlled by persons after they receive call from station master. They open/close the gate according to that instruction. If the train, anyhow, comes late, the gate will remain closed for a long time causing long traffic jam and harassment for the common people. In a country like ours, this system will help to reduce many problems regarding railway gate control upto some extent. Circuit Diagram: Working Principle: In brief, a RFID tag will be attached to a train and a reader will be placed in the track. This is done so that when the reader reads the tag and identifies it as a

3 train, only then it will close the gate. Sometimes it is seen that people walk in the rail track, so, due to use of RFID, there won t be any closure of the gate when anything other than train passes through the track. And an IR pair will be placed at a distance. So, when the train comes, the reader reads the tag and closes the gate, and when the train passes above the IR pair, the gate will bwe open automatically. Equipments Used: 1. Arduino Uno 2. IR Pair 3. Servo Motor 4. RFID (RC 522) 5. Resistances (220, 1k, 100k) 6. LEDs (Red, Green) 7. Connecting Wires 8. Jumping Wires (Male-to-Male, Male-to-Female) 1.Arduino Uno: The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

4 2.RFID (RC 522) : MF RC522 is used in highly integrated 13.56MHz contactless communication card chip to read and write, of NXP for three and the application launched a low voltage, low cost, small size, non-contact card chip to read and write, intelligent instruments and portable handheld devices developed better. 3.Servo Motor: Servo motor is a type of motors whose output shaft can be moved to a specific angular position by sending it a coded signal. The servo motor will maintain the position of the shaft as long as you keep applying the coded signal. When you change the coded signal, the angular position of the shaft will change. A common type of servo provides position control. Servos are commonly electrical or partially electronic in nature, using an electric motor as the primary means of creating mechanical force. Other types of servos use hydraulics, pneumatics, or magnetic principles. Fig: Servo Motor Fig: RFID (RC 522) Coding: #include <Servo.h> #include <SPI.h> #include <MFRC522.h> byte readcard[4]; #define SS_PIN 10 #define RST_PIN 9 MFRC522 mfrc522(ss_pin, RST_PIN); // Create MFRC522 instance.

5 byte rail[4]=0xf9, 0x60, 0x9C, 0x1A; int arrived=0; Servo gate; void setup() Serial.begin(9600); Serial.println(" Start..."); gate.attach(5); SPI.begin(); // MFRC522 Hardware uses SPI protocol mfrc522.pcd_init(); // Initialize MFRC522 Hardware mfrc522.pcd_setantennagain(mfrc522.rxgain_max); //Set Antenna Gain to Max- this will increase reading distance //pinmode (8,INPUT); pinmode (7,OUTPUT); // green pinmode (6,OUTPUT); // red digitalwrite(7,1); digitalwrite(6,1); delay(1000); digitalwrite(7,0); digitalwrite(6,0); gate.write(90); delay(15);

6 void loop() int r=analogread(a0); /*if(r> 300) Serial.println(r); delay(500); */ if(read_id() && arrived==0 ) Serial.println(" Got "); if(memcmp(readcard, rail,4 )== 0) Serial.println(" Matched"); digitalwrite(6,1); digitalwrite(7,0); arrived=1; gate.write(30); delay(15); if( arrived && r > 700) arrived=0;

7 digitalwrite(7,1); digitalwrite(6,0); gate.write(90); delay(15); int read_id() if (! mfrc522.picc_isnewcardpresent()) return 0; if (! mfrc522.picc_readcardserial()) //Since a PICC placed get Serial and continue return 0; // There are Mifare PICCs which have 4 byte or 7 byte UID care if you use 7 byte PICC // I think we should assume every PICC as they have 4 byte UID // Until we support 7 byte PICCs Serial.println("Scanned PICC's UID:"); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) // readcard[i] = mfrc522.uid.uidbyte[i];

8 Serial.print(readCard[i], HEX); Serial.println(""); mfrc522.picc_halta(); // Stop reading return 1; Some Pictures of Our Project:

9 Future Improvisation: This project needs to be improved while practical application. Because, in reality, the IR pair will be exposed to sunlight, which may hamper it, and IR pair also works only for short distance. So, for we can use LASER & LDR for this purpose. Also we have use a DC gear motor in practical as servo motor can t control the positioning of real rail gates which are very large. Also this project is done with a model train which has a vast difference with a real train, where there are large spaces between compartments, so the time delay should be programmed accordingly. A buzzer can be used to alert the people about train s arrival, as we can t suddenly open or close the gate. References: 1.Mr. Hasib Md. Abid Bin Farid, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, AUST. 2. arduino.cc