FIRE SENSOR ROBOT USING ATMEGA8L

Transcription

1 PROJECT REPORT MICROCONTROLLER AND APPLICATIONS ECE 304 FIRE SENSOR ROBOT USING ATMEGA8L BY AKSHAY PATHAK (11BEC1104) SUBMITTED TO: PROF. VENKAT SUBRAMANIAN PRAKHAR SINGH (11BEC1108) PIYUSH BLAGGAN (11BEC1053) AMIT KUMAR (11BEC1050)

2 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Components Used 3. Tools required 4. ATMEGA8L Microcontroller Pin Diagram 5. Working Model 6. Algorithm 7. Microcontroller Coding 8. Problems faced

3 INTRODUCTION The fire sensor robot is an electronic device whose movement can be controlled only by the change in the ambient temperature. A series on thermal sensors are connected to the ATMEGA8L-8PU microcontroller which decodes the signals sent by the thermal sensor which accordingly powers the wheels of the robot to move in the direction of the fire. ATMEGA8L-8PU is a Low Power High Performance 8 Bit microcontroller with a power consumption at a frequency of 4MHz and 3V. This Microcontroller can be easily programmed using ARDUINO.

4 COMPONENTS USED ATMEGA8 MICROCONTROLLER IC L293DNE MOTOR DRIVER 60 RPM DC MOTORS WHEELS CHASSIS 4 THERMAL SENSORS LM35 9V DC BATTERY USB CABLE COM PORTS AND OTHER CONNECTORS TOOLS REQUIRED: Arduino 0022 alpha

5 ATMEGA8 Microcontroller L293DNE Pin Diagram

6 WORKING MODEL This robot consists of mainly three parts. First is sensor, which works as vision of robot. A fire sensor robot is a kind of robot which can be controlled by the change in ambient temperature with the help of thermal sensors (LM35). This will transmit an appropriate command to the robot so that it can do whatever it is required. The transmitting device included a comparator IC for analog to digital conversion and an encoder which is use to encode the four bit data and then it will transmit by an RF Transmitter module. At the receiving end an Receiver module receives the encoded data and decode it by an decoder. This data is then processed by a microcontroller and finally our motor driver to control the motor's. As there is fire in the room it senses and according to that it sends the signal for decision. Output from thermal sensor is gathered for process by microcontroller. As per sensor output, the controller is made to work according to the program written inside it and it sends the respective signal to third part which is motors. This is the last part which drives the wheel of our robot. It uses two dc motors to make movement. To drive them one motor driver is IC used which provides sufficient current to motors. All this material is mounted on metal chassis. As we move our hand to right robot will move to right side. Similar to this it will copy all our movements in other directions as well.

7 ALGORITHM Start Connect the controller to the motor and the thermal sensors. Take inputs for 4 thermal sensors and store it in int variables. Calibrate the sensors as per the ambient temperature by choosing an adequate value. Comparing the values of the four sensors and assign priority to the highest value. Each sensor corresponds to the one direction, so as per the priority command the robot to move in that direction. Apply delay of 50ms to decide the time duration of the motion so as to prevent the robot from damage. The values for calibration can be set by analysing the values from serial monitor. Burn the program in the microcontroller and check. Stop

8 MICROCONTROLLER CODING void setup() Serial.begin(9600); pinmode(4, OUTPUT); pinmode(5, OUTPUT); pinmode(6, OUTPUT); pinmode(7, OUTPUT); int x,y,z,k; void loop() x=analogread(a0); y=analogread(a1); z=analogread(a2); k=analogread(a3); //setting the baud rate //configuring the pins as output //assigning integer variables //assigning the variables to the PC port of to take analog inputs from the thermal sensors// if(x>60) //comparing the values of A0 port digitalwrite(5, HIGH);//if this condition satisfies the digitalwrite(4, LOW); robot will move forward digitalwrite(6, HIGH); digitalwrite(7, LOW); //governs the time duration for the movement of the robot else if(x<60) //if this condition satisfies the robot will stop digitalwrite(5, LOW); digitalwrite(4, LOW); digitalwrite(6, LOW); digitalwrite(7, LOW); int sensorvalue = analogread(a0);//assigning the to a int Serial.println(sensorvalue); //printing the value in delay(100); serial monitor if(y>60) digitalwrite(5, HIGH); //if this condition satisfies the digitalwrite(4, LOW); robot will move towards right digitalwrite(7, HIGH); digitalwrite(6, LOW);

9 if(y<60) digitalwrite(5, LOW); //if this condition satisfies the digitalwrite(4, LOW); robot will stop digitalwrite(7, LOW); digitalwrite(6, LOW); int sensorvalue1 = analogread(a1); Serial.println(sensorvalue1); delay(100); if(z>60) digitalwrite(4, HIGH); //if this condition satisfies the digitalwrite(5, LOW); robot will move backward digitalwrite(7, HIGH); digitalwrite(6, LOW); if(z<60) digitalwrite(4, LOW); //if this condition satisfies digitalwrite(5, LOW); robot will stop digitalwrite(7, LOW); digitalwrite(6, LOW); int sensorvalue2 = analogread(a2); Serial.println(sensorvalue2); delay(100); if(k>60) digitalwrite(4, HIGH); //if this condition satisfies the digitalwrite(5, LOW); robot will move towards left digitalwrite(6, HIGH); digitalwrite(7, LOW); if(k<60) digitalwrite(4, LOW); //if this condition satisfies the digitalwrite(5, LOW); robot will stop digitalwrite(6, LOW); digitalwrite(7, LOW);

10 int sensorvalue3 = analogread(a3); Serial.println(sensorvalue3); delay(100); SNAPSHOTS:

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12 PROBLEMS FACED: At first the interfacing of the controller was not possible because of the absence of the adequate software and drivers. The thermal sensor s sensitivity was unknown and hence the calibration seemed to be difficult. To check the values transmitted by the sensor the we used serial communication transmitter and receiver. Interfacing the same with the pc was giving trouble. The values were not displayed on the serial monitor. The sensors requires time to go back to its initial state this poses a threat to the robot for getting damaged. RESULT: The desired project of designing fire sensing robot is successfully implemented using ARDUINO.