Project Number: RF Project Description: Appendix:

Transcription

1 Project Number: RF09 Project Description: The WatchDuck is an accelerometer-based low cost wireless pool alarm. While the summer is coming, everybody knows how unsafe personal pools are for children: accidents happen so quickly. There are some products on the market to prevent such accidents but these pool alarms are quite expensive, about $00, and most of them are not wireless which is unfortunate since a lot of these accidents happen while the parents are inside the house. To address this issue, I chose to build my own wireless pool alarm. To keep this alarm under $0, I had to use diy single side PCBs. However, every handyman knows how difficult is using diy PCBs for a project dealing with RF: the constraint of a single side makes impossible the use of micro-strips for instance. The Mhz RF Transceivers are thus a good off-the-shelf solution to resolve this issue. In addition, the use of a -axis accelerometer module H8 was essential to overcome the issue of soldering QFN packages. This alarm is composed of two parts: the detector and the base station. Mounted into a bath ducky, the detector is using an accelerometer module (H8 from Parallax) to measure the vertical acceleration (Z-axis): the floating duck is following the surface waves of the pool. When an object a child fell into the water, it creates waves which are detected by the accelerometer. When the G-force detected is above a threshold, the detector is sending an alert to the base station which triggers an alarm. When the G-force is bellow this threshold, the detector is periodically reporting its status to the base station (about time every seconds). By doing so, the base station is checking the reliability of the link with the detector and this latter, using the Power-Down functionality of the transmitter, is saving every (which is an important consideration for a battery-powered device). All these operation are done by a low power consumption PIC microcontroller (PIC 8FK0). The second part of the alarm is the base station, which includes a second RF Transceiver and provides a user interface based on a x0 characters LCD display and touch keys. By reading and processing the messages send by the detector, this base station is able to display the detector status, the alarm status and the signal strength (thanks to the RSSI signal). The user can easily navigate through these data using the touch keys which provide a visual and acoustic feedback. When an alert is sent by the detector, the base station is triggering an alarm through a buzzer. All these operation are done by the same microcontroller than the detector. To ensure the reliability of the system, the wireless link is based on the transmission and reception of fixedlength data ( bytes) in the form of data packets. The data packets consist of a preamble, the actual data byte, and a 6-bits cyclic redundancy check CRC-6-CCITT. The system is also able to detect a low battery level of the detector and report the issue to the user. As shown on the presentation video, this project is a success. The delay between a motion and the triggering of the alarm is very low ( 0 ms) and the 6-bits CRC prevents all false detections. All the other functionalities of the system (signal strength, low voltage detection ) are working. I tested the alarm in a bath tub but further tests need to be performed in situation in order to calibrate the alarm: an issue since I don t have a pool! Appendix: - Schematics - Layouts - Source Code - Bill of Materials - Pictures - Video: or

2 C-PIC 00nF +.V RA/T0CKI/COUT 6 RA/AN/SS/HLVDIN/COUT 7 RA6/OSC/CLKO 0 RA7/OSC/CLKI 9 RB0/AN/INT0/FLT0 RB/AN0/INT/CIN-/PC RB/AN8/INT/PB RB/AN9/CCPB/CIN- RB/AN/KBI0/PD RB/KBI/PGM 6 RB6/KBI/PGC 7 RB7/KBI/PGD 8 RC0/TOSO/TCKI RC/SCK/SCL RC/SDI/SDA RC/SDO 6 RC6/TX/CK 7 RC7/RX/DT 8 RE/MCLR/VPP RC/TOSI/CCPA RC/CCP/PA RA0/AN0/CIN0- RA/AN/CIN- RA/AN/CIN+/VREF-/CVREF RA/AN/CIN+/VREF+ U PIC8FK0 VDD=+.V VSS=GND PGM PGC PGD MCLR RF Transceiver RSSI 6 PDN TX-RX DATA VIN GND U MHZ TRANSCEIVER PARALLAX +.V SEL PDN CLK Vss DIO Vdd 6 CS Zero-G U H8C -AXI PARALLAX +V SPI_CLK CS_ADC RSSI RSSI PDN SPI_CLK CS_ADC TX RX R k FARNELL = 6970 TX RX SEL BAT CONN-SIL +.V +V EN_V BAT_SW BAT_SW 6 ICSP RJ-6-R R 0k MCLR +.V PGD PGC PGM LED_R LED_G R 68 BAT_SW EN_V 6 A B C D E F G PROJECT: DATE: WatchDuck Detector 0/06/0 Laurent Goudet / REV: AUTHOR: DESIGN: SHEET: LED_R LED_G SW Switch IP68 Vin Vout GND EN RSN U SP60 C uf C uf BAT_OK BAT_OK R 70k U6 LED-BICO Vin Vout GND SHDN Bypass U TC0 C uf C uf BUZZER BUZZER BUZZER CONN-SIL R6 0k +V Q PMF90XN R7 0k +.V SPI_DATA SPI_DATA

3 6 A B C D E F G PROJECT: DATE: WatchDuck Base - Main /0/0 Laurent Goudet / REV: AUTHOR: DESIGN: SHEET: D D D6 D7 +V RS E RF Transceiver RSSI 6 PDN TX-RX DATA VIN GND U MHZ TRANSCEIVER +.V SEL PDN RSSI TX RX R6 k TX RX KEY PIC KEY PIC KEY PIC KEY PIC D D D6 D7 RS E SEL RSSI PDN 6 ICSP CONN-RJ R 0k MCLR +.V PGD PGC PGM C-PIC 00nF +.V RA/T0CKI/COUT 6 RA/AN/SS/HLVDIN/COUT 7 RA6/OSC/CLKO 0 RA7/OSC/CLKI 9 RB0/AN/INT0/FLT0 RB/AN0/INT/CIN-/PC RB/AN8/INT/PB RB/AN9/CCPB/CIN- RB/AN/KBI0/PD RB/KBI/PGM 6 RB6/KBI/PGC 7 RB7/KBI/PGD 8 RC0/TOSO/TCKI RC/SCK/SCL RC/SDI/SDA RC/SDO 6 RC6/TX/CK 7 RC7/RX/DT 8 RE/MCLR/VPP RC/TOSI/CCPA RC/CCP/PA RA0/AN0/CIN0- RA/AN/CIN- RA/AN/CIN+/VREF-/CVREF RA/AN/CIN+/VREF+ U PIC8FK0 VDD=+.V VSS=GND D7 D6 D D D 0 D 9 D 8 D0 7 E 6 RW RS VSS VDD V0 LED+ LED- 6 U NHD-00DZ-FSW-FBW +V PGD PGC PGM MCLR BUZZER BUZZER CONN-SIL LED_ LED_ LED_ LED_ LCD_BKLT BUZZER A K D LED R LED_ A K D6 LED R LED_ A K D7 LED R LED_ A K D8 LED R LED_ LCD_BKLT Q PMF90XN R7 M + - POWER POWER MM +.V Vin Vout GND SHDN Bypass U TC0 C uf C uf +V Vin Vout GND EN RSN U SP60 C uf C uf V_REG V_REG RV RES-VAR

4 6 A B C D E F G OUT OUT 7 OUT 6 OUT VDD VSS 8 SNS SNSK SNS SNSK SNS 9 SNSK 0 SNS 7 SNSK 8 RES OSC SS/SYNC 9 U6 QT0-ISSG KEY_ KEY_ KEY_ KEY_ +V R 6k R 60k R6 80k C-KEYS nf +V RS.k CS 0nF RSNS k R M J PIN RS.k CS 0nF RSNS k J PIN RS.k CS 0nF RSNS k R M J PIN RS.k CS 0nF RSNS k R M J PIN +V PROJECT: DATE: WatchDuck Base - Touch Keys /0/0 Laurent Goudet / REV: AUTHOR: DESIGN: SHEET: OSC SS/SYNC SS/SYNC OSC A K D LED R7 0 KEY_ KEY PIC A K D LED R8 0 KEY_ KEY PIC A K D LED R9 0 KEY_ KEY PIC A K D LED R0 0 KEY_ KEY PIC C 0.uF

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8 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Detector.c / Parallax / Linx Technologies 00 RF Design Contest WatchDuck Project - Detector FILENAME: Detector.c Version:., Updated on /0/00 DESCRIPTION: This program is the detector side of the WatchDuck Project, an accelerometer-based wireless pool alarm. This code polls the Z-axis acceleration from a H8 -axis accelerometer module in order to detect the waves created by a a child accidentally fell into a swimming pool. When this value is above a threshold, it transmits an alert message to the base station, which trigger an alarm. When no waves are detected, the detector periodically send a status message to the base station to ensure the reliability of the link. The communication protocole used by this program is freely inspired by the one created by Parallax Inc. and used in the -Way demo code for Parallax MHz RF Transceiver (798). It is based on the transmission and reception of fixed- length data ( bytes) in the form of data packets, to help overcome the error- prone nature of RF reception in various environments. The data packets consist of a preamble, the actual data byte and a CRC value. The format is as follow: Preamble = "U!". Any number of "U" characters may be sent before the single "!". The "U" character is chosen because it's bit pattern is "0000" (alternating 's and zero's). This gets the receiver "in sync" with the data bits that follow. Packet data format: Data Value CRC High CRC Low BYTE BYTE BYTE - Byte is the actual data value. - Byte and byte consists of a 6-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) value calculated using the byte. The use of this CRC increases error detection to approx. 99%. The protocol for sending and receiving is as follows (shown is a simplified form): ) The sending device constructs the entire packet, as shown above and calculates the CRC value. ) The sending device transmits the preamble and the packet. ) The receiving device receives the packet, calculates a CRC value and compares the calcuated CRC value with the CRC value received inside the packet. ) If CRC values match: receiver uses the received data, otherwise it discards it (c) Laurent Goudet - lgoudet@gmail.com / #include <p8fk0.h> #include <timers.h> #include <delays.h> #include <usart.h> #include <string.h> #pragma config FOSC=INTIO67 #pragma config WDTEN= OFF #pragma config LVP= OFF #pragma config BOREN = OFF #pragma config PWRT = ON #pragma config MCLRE = ON // Internal Oscillator Block // WatchDog disabled // Low Voltage Programming disabled // Brown-out Reset disabled // Power-up Timer enabled // MCLRE pin enabled / I/O Definitions / // Status LEDs #define LED_G LATCbits.LATC // Green status LED #define LED_R LATCbits.LATC // Red status LED // H8 module (-axis accelerometer)

9 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Detector.c #define EN_ACC LATCbits.LATC0 // Accelerometer ON/OFF #define CS_ADC LATAbits.LATA0 // Select accelerometer (SPI bus) // SPI link (PIC <=> H8 Module) #define SPI_CLK LATCbits.LATC // Clock #define SPI_OUT LATCbits.LATC // MOSI (PIC => H8) #define SPI_IN PORTCbits.RC // MISO (PIC <= H8) #define SPI_DIR TRISCbits.TRISC // Data Pin Direction // MHz RF Transceiver #define SEL_DIR LATBbits.LATB // Data Direction (: Transmit, 0: Receive) #define PDN LATBbits.LATB // Power-Down (: Normal, 0: Power-Down) #define RSSI PORTBbits.RB // Received Signal Strength Indicator // Misc #define BAT_OK PORTAbits.RA6 // Low Battery Indicator #define BUZZER LATAbits.LATA7 // Alarm / Macros Definitions / #define SENSITIVITY 90 // Sensitivity of the detection // ADC channels #define ZAxis // Z-axis ADC channel #define VRef // VRef ADC channel / Global Variables Definitions / volatile char buz_stop = 0; // Used to toggle the alarm / Prototype Definitions / void init(void); unsigned int get_force(void); unsigned int get_adc(unsigned char); void send_data(unsigned char); unsigned int crc_calc(unsigned char); void bip(int); void high_isr(void); void DelayXsec(int); // System initializations // Return the force on the Z-axis // Return the value on an ADC channel // Send Data to the Base Station // Calculates CRC-6-CCITT // Generates a single bip // Interrupts catch up function // Generates a delay of X seconds / interrupt_at_high_vector(void) - Function placed at the interrupt vector and transferring control to the proper ISR. / #pragma code high_vector=0x08 void interrupt_at_high_vector(void) _asm GOTO high_isr _endasm #pragma code / return to the default code section / / main(void) - Main routine / void main(void) unsigned int result = 0; // G-force on the Z-axis int count = 000; // Counter to generate a periodic report init(); // Initializations LED_R = ; // Red LED ON DelayXsec(0); // Wait for seconds => Time to put the duck into the water LED_R = 0; // Red LED OFF

10 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Detector.c // MAIN LOOP while() result = get_force(); // Get the vertical acceleration // If the result is abode the sensitivity level => Alert if(result > SENSITIVITY) LED_R = ; // Turn the red LED ON bip(); // Acoustic Feedback send_data('a'); // Send the alert to the base station DelayXsec(); // Wait for seconds LED_R = 0; // Red LED OFF // If the G-force is below the sensitivity level else count++; // Increment periodic report counter // Generates a report to the base station every seconds if(count > 000) count = 0; // Reset periodic report counter // If the battery level is low if(!bat_ok) LED_R = ; send_data('b'); // Send the information to the base station else LED_G = ; send_data('c'); // The detector is working fine LED_G = 0; LED_R = 0; // while() // main() / void init(void) - Initializations / void init(void) //Clock initialization OSCCONbits.IRCF = ; // Set internal clock to 6 Mhz // => PORTA Configuration PORTA = 0; LATA = 0; // A0: CS_ACC => Output (0) // A6: LOW_BAT => Input () // A7: BUZZER => Output (0) // ==> 0_0 => 0x7E TRISA = 0x7E; // => PORTB Configuration PORTB = 0; LATB = 0; // B: SEL_DIR => Output (0) // B: PDN => Output (0) // B: RSSI => Input () // ==> _00 => 0xF TRISB = 0xF; // => PORTC Configuration PORTC = 0; LATC = 0; // C0: EN_ACC => Output (0) // C: LED_R => Output (0) // C: LED_G => Output (0) // C: SPI_CLK => Output (0) // C: SPI_IN => Input () // C: SPI_OUT => Ouput (0) // C6-C7: Don't care // => _0000 => 0xF0; TRISC = 0xF0; // Accelerometer

11 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Detector.c EN_ACC = ; CS_ADC = ; // Turn ON the accelerometer // Deselect accelorometer's ADC // init() / unsigned int get_force(void) - Return a value representing the g-force on the Z-axis. We don't really care about real g-force. / unsigned int get_force(void) unsigned int refcount, axiscount, result; refcount = get_adc(vref); // Read reference voltage axiscount = get_adc(zaxis); // Read Z-axis voltage // Format the result if(axiscount > refcount) result = axiscount - refcount; else result = refcount - axiscount; return result; // get_force() / unsigned int get_adc(unsigned char channel) - Return the value of the ADC channel given in parameter / unsigned int get_adc(unsigned char channel) int i; unsigned int result = 0; unsigned char tosend = 0x8 (0x0 & channel); SPI_DIR = 0; // SPI data bus in output CS_ADC = 0; // Select ADC for(i = ; i >= 0; i--) // Sending ADC channel SPI_OUT = (tosend >> i); SPI_CLK = ; SPI_CLK = 0; SPI_DIR = ; // SPI data bus in input SPI_CLK = ; // Wait for conversion SPI_CLK = 0; SPI_CLK = ; SPI_CLK = 0; for(i = ; i >= 0; i--) // Reading the result SPI_CLK = ; SPI_CLK = 0; result += (SPI_IN << i); CS_ADC = ; // Deselect ADC return result; / void send_data(unsigned char data) - Send Alerts & Detector status to the base station / void send_data(unsigned char data) char mess[0]; unsigned int crc; int try = 0; crc = crc_calc(data); mess[0] = 'U'; mess[] = 'U'; mess[] = 'U'; // Output message // CRC sent by the detector // Nummber of sending // Calcul of data CRC // Message Preamble

12 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Detector.c mess[] = 'U'; mess[] = '!'; mess[] = data; mess[6] = crc >> 8; mess[7] = crc; mess[8] = '\0'; // Data Byte // CRC High // CRC Low // Terminating null byte PDN = ; // RF Transceiver enable Delay00TCYx(8); // Turn-On Time from PDN: 00µS SEL_DIR = ; // Transceiver in transmit mode Delay00TCYx(8); // RX to TX Change Time: 00µS // Initialization of the transceiver interface // Asynchronous Mode, 00 BAUDS OpenUSART( USART_TX_INT_OFF & USART_RX_INT_OFF & USART_ASYNCH_MODE & USART_EIGHT_BIT & USART_CONT_RX & USART_BRGH_LOW, 07 ); // Data packet is send multiples time if one is lost while(try < 0) putsusart(mess); // Sending message DelayKTCYx(); // Give time for UART to process try ++; PDN = 0; // // RF Transceiver disable to save energy // send_data() / unsigned int crc_calc(unsigned char) - Calculates the CRC-6-CCITT of a data byte. Source: / unsigned int crc_calc(unsigned char data ) unsigned int x; unsigned int crc = 0; x = ((crc>>8) ^ (unsigned int) data) & 0xff; x ^= x>>; crc = (crc << 8) ^ (x << ) ^ (x <<) ^ x; return crc; // crc_calc() / void alarm(int on) - Generates a single bip / void bip(int on) // Alarm ON if(on) // => Timer 0: Buzzer frequency => approx Hz OpenTimer0( TIMER_INT_ON & T0_8BIT & T0_SOURCE_INT & T0_PS ); // => Timer : Bip frequency OpenTimer( TIMER_INT_ON & T_8BIT_RW & T_SOURCE_INT & T_PS 8 & T_OSCEN_OFF & T_SYNC_EXT_OFF ); // Alarm OFF else CloseTimer0(); // Close timer 0 CloseTimer(); // Close timer // alarm()

13 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Detector.c / high_isr(void) - Interrupts sub-routine. / #pragma interrupt high_isr void high_isr(void) if(pirbits.tmrif) bip(0); // End of the bip PIRbits.TMRIF = 0; // Reset Timer interrupt flag // Timer 0 Interrupt else BUZZER = ~BUZZER; INTCONbits.TMR0IF = 0; // Reset Timer 0 interrupt flag // high_isr() / void DelayXsec(int nbseconds) - Wait for x seconds / void DelayXsec(int nbseconds) int i; for(i = 0; i < nbseconds; i++) Delay0KTCYx(00); // Wait for 0µS Delay0KTCYx(00); // Wait for 0µS // DelayXsec() 6

14 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c / Parallax / Linx Technologies 00 RF Design Contest WatchDuck Project - Base Station FILENAME: Base.c Version:., Updated on /0/00 DESCRIPTION: This program is the receptor side of the WatchDuck Project, an accelerometer-based wireless pool alarm. This code reads the data sent by the detector through the wireless link, processes them, and displays the result the result on a user interface composed of a x0 characters LCD display and touch keys. In addition to triggering an alarm when a motion has been detected, it can also display the strength of the signal sent by the detector and its level of battery. The communication protocole used by this program is freely inspired by the one created by Parallax Inc. and used in the -Way demo code for Parallax MHz RF Transceiver (798). It is based on the transmission and reception of fixed- length data ( bytes) in the form of data packets, to help overcome the error- prone nature of RF reception in various environments. The data packets consist of a preamble, the actual data byte and a CRC value. The format is as follow: Preamble = "U!". Any number of "U" characters may be sent before the single "!". The "U" character is chosen because it's bit pattern is "0000" (alternating 's and zero's). This gets the receiver "in sync" with the data bits that follow. Packet data format: Data Value CRC High CRC Low BYTE BYTE BYTE - Byte is the actual data value. - Byte and byte consists of a 6-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) value calculated using the byte. The use of this CRC increases error detection to approx. 99%. The protocol for sending and receiving is as follows (shown is a simplified form): ) The sending device constructs the entire packet, as shown above and calculates the CRC value. ) The sending device transmits the preamble and the packet. ) The receiving device receives the packet, calculates a CRC value and compares the calcuated CRC value with the CRC value received inside the packet. ) If CRC values match: receiver uses the received data, otherwise it discards it (c) Laurent Goudet - lgoudet@gmail.com / #include <p8fk0.h> #include <timers.h> #include <delays.h> #include <xlcd.h> #include <usart.h> #include <adc.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #pragma config FOSC=INTIO67 #pragma config WDTEN= OFF #pragma config LVP= OFF #pragma config BOREN = OFF #pragma config PWRT = ON #pragma config MCLRE = ON // Internal Oscillator Block // WatchDog disabled // Low Voltage Programming disabled // Brown-out Reset disabled // Power-up Timer enabled // MCLRE pin enabled / I/O Definitions / // Touch Keys #define KEY_ PORTAbits.RA // ON/OFF (Top) #define KEY_ PORTCbits.RC // Right Arrow (Right)

15 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c #define KEY_ PORTCbits.RC // Stop Alarm (Bottom) #define KEY_ PORTCbits.RC // Left Arrow (Left) // Blue Feedback LEDs #define LED_ LATAbits.LATA7 // Key (ON/OFF) #define LED_ LATCbits.LATC // Key (Right Arrow) #define LED_ LATAbits.LATA6 // Key (Stop Alarm) #define LED_ LATCbits.LATC // Key (Left Arrow) // x0 Characters LCD Module #define LCD_DATA PORTA // Data bus (lower bits) #define LCD_RS LATBbits.LATB // Register Select (0: Cmd, : Data) #define LCD_E LATBbits.LATB // Operation Enable (Falling edge) #define LCD_BKLT LATAbits.LATA // Backlight (: ON, 0: OFF) // MHz RF Transceiver #define SEL_DIR LATBbits.LATB0 // Data Direction (: Transmit, 0: Receive) #define PDN LATBbits.LATB // Power-Down (: Normal, 0: Power-Down) #define RSSI PORTBbits.RB // Received Signal Strength Indicator // Misc #define BUZZER LATCbits.LATC0 // Alarm / Macros Definitions / #define NB_MENUS // Number of menu in the UI / Global Variables Definitions / volatile char buz_stop = 0; volatile char alarm_en = ; volatile char alert = 0; volatile char detector_status = 'D'; volatile int detector_timeout = 0; volatile int event = 0; volatile int bip_en = 0; volatile int menu = 0; // Used to toggle the alarm // Alarm Enable / Disable // Alert in progress // Status of the Detector // To test if the detector is connected // A new event just happens // Used to generate a single bip // Menu item number / Prototype Definitions / void init(void); void welcome(void); void display_menu(int); void print_status(void); void print_rssi(void); unsigned int get_rssi(void); void read_keys(void); void print_event(void); void timeout(void); void trigger_alarm(void); void alarm(int); void bip(int); void high_isr(void); void receive_data(void); unsigned int crc_calc(unsigned char); void DelayFor8TCY(void); void DelayPORXLCD(void); void DelayXLCD(void); void DelayXsec(int); // System initializations // Welcome Screen + LEDs // Display the menu // Print detector status on LCD display // Print signal strength on LCD display // Return signal strength // Read the Touch Keys and process them // Print new event on the LCD display // Check for connection timeout // Trigger the alarm // Turn the alarm ON or OFF // Generate a single bip // Interrupts catch up function // Receive data from detector // Calculates CRC-6-CCITT // Delay 8 cycles for the XLCD library // Delay ms for the XLCD library // Delay ms for the XLCD library // Generates a delay of X seconds / interrupt_at_high_vector(void) - Function placed at the interrupt vector and transferring control to the ISR proper. / #pragma code high_vector=0x08 void interrupt_at_high_vector(void) _asm GOTO high_isr _endasm

16 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c #pragma code / return to the default code section / / main(void) - Main routine / void main(void) int menu_old; // Use to know when the menu has changed init(); // Initialization welcome(); // Display the welcome message DelayXsec(); // Wait for seconds menu_old = menu; // Use to know when the menu has changed display_menu(menu); // Display the first menu // MAIN LOOP // In order to not loose any data from the detector, the UART receiver is // using interrupts while() // No alert is in progress if(!alert) read_keys(); // Read the touch keys display_menu(menu); // Display the menu on the LCD display if(menu_old!= menu) menu_old = menu; Delay0KTCYx(00); // If the menu has changed // There is a new event from the detector if(event) // Wait for 00ms (debounce the keys) print_event(); // Print the event on the LCD display event = 0; // Clear the event flag // The detector is currently connected to the base station if(detector_status!= 'D') timeout(); // if(!alert) // A alert has been sent by the detector else // while() // main() trigger_alarm(); // Test the connection time out and update // the connection status // Trigger the alarm (blocking function) / void init(void) - Initialize PIC clockand I/Os / void init(void) //Clock initialization OSCCONbits.IRCF = ; // Set internal clock to 6 Mhz // => PORTA Configuration PORTA = 0; LATA = 0; // A0-A: LCD_DATA => Output (0000) // A: LCD_BKLT => Output (0) // A: KEY_ => Input () // A6: LED_ => Output (0) // A7: LED_ => Output (0) // ==> 000_0000 => 0x0 TRISA = 0x0; // => PORTB Configuration PORTB = 0; LATB = 0; // B0: SEL_TXRX => Output (0) // B: PDN => Output (0) // B: RSSI => Input () // B: LCD_E => Output (0)

17 // B: LCD_RS => Output (0) // B-B7: Don't care // ==> 0_000 => 0xE TRISB = 0xE; // => PORTC Configuration // C0: BUZZER => Output (0) // C: LED_ => Output (0) // C: KEY_ => Input () // C: KEY_ => Input () // C: LED_ => Output (0) // C: KEY_ => Input () // C6-C7: Don't care // 0_00 => 0xEC PORTC = 0; TRISC = 0xEC; C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c // => Configure all inputs as digital I/Os except AN8, used for RSSI ANSEL = 0x00; ANSELH = 0x0; // AN8 = RSSI // LCD Module LCD_BKLT = ; OpenXLCD( FOUR_BIT & LINES_X7 ); // RF Module PDN = ; SEL_DIR = 0; // RF Transceiver enable // Transceiver in receive mode // Initialization of the receiver interface // Asynchronous Mode, 00 BAUDS, RX Interrupts ON OpenUSART( USART_TX_INT_OFF & USART_RX_INT_ON & USART_ASYNCH_MODE & USART_EIGHT_BIT & USART_CONT_RX & USART_BRGH_LOW, 07 ); TXSTAbits.TXEN = 0; TRISCbits.TRISC6 = ; // Transmit disabled // TX Pin in high impedance // Configure A/D convertor (for RSSI conversion) OpenADC( ADC_FOSC_6 & ADC_RIGHT_JUST & ADC_0_TAD, ADC_CH8 & ADC_VREFPLUS_VDD & ADC_VREFMINUS_VSS & ADC_INT_OFF, 0x000 ); // => Enable interrupts INTCONbits.PEIE = ; INTCONbits.GIE = ; // Enable peripherical interrupts // General interrupt enable switch // init() / void welcome(void) - Display Welcome Message and LEDs / void welcome(void) int i; // Display welcome message putrsxlcd( "==== WatchDuck ====" ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( "===== Welcome =====" ); // LEDs Intro for(i=0; i<; i++) LED_ = ; Delay0KTCYx(0); LED_ = 0; LED_ = ; Delay0KTCYx(0); LED_ = 0; LED_ = ; Delay0KTCYx(0);

18 LED_ = 0; LED_ = ; Delay0KTCYx(0); LED_ = 0; Delay0KTCYx(0); LED_ = ; LED_ = ; LED_ = ; LED_ = ; // welcome() C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c / void display_menu(int menu) - Display the menu on the LCD display / void display_menu(int menu) switch( menu ) // Menu 0: Status of the detector case 0: putrsxlcd( "==DETECTOR: STATUS==" ); putrsxlcd( " " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); print_status(); // Print the status of the detector break; // Menu : Strength of the wireless link case : putrsxlcd( "==SIGNAL: STRENGTH==" ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); print_rssi(); break; // Menu : Status of the alarm case : putrsxlcd( "===ALARM: STATUS===" ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); if(alarm_en) putrsxlcd( " Enable " ); else putrsxlcd( " Disable " ); break; // We shouldn't be there default: putrsxlcd( " ERROR MENU " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " " ); // display_menu() // Print a bargraph representing the RSSI value / void print_status(void) - Print the status of the detector on the LCD display / void print_status(void) // Status = 'D': the detector is disconnected if(detector_status == 'D') putrsxlcd( " Disconnected " ); // Status = 'C': the detector is connected else if(detector_status == 'C') putrsxlcd( " Connected " ); // Status = 'B': the batteries of the detector are low else if(detector_status == 'B') putrsxlcd( " Low Battery " );

19 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c // Status = 'A': a motion has been detected else if(detector_status == 'A') putrsxlcd( " Alert " ); // We shouldn't be there else putrsxlcd( " Status Error " ); // print_status() / void print_rssi(void) - Print a bargraph representating the signal strengh on the LCD display / void print_rssi(void) int rssi; // RSSI numerical value char bargraph[]; // Bargraph representing the RSSI value float conv = 0.0; // Convertion ratio rssi value <=> bargraph unsigned int strenght; // Numerical result of the convertion int i; rssi = get_rssi(); // Return the numerical RSSI value strenght = (unsigned int) (rssi conv); for(i = 0; (i <= strenght && i <= 0); i++) bargraph[i] = 0xFF; // 0xFF => 'Black square' character bargraph[strenght+] = '\0'; // Null char to close the string putrsxlcd( " " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putsxlcd(bargraph); // Print the bargraph on the LCD display Delay0KTCYx(0); // Wait ms before re-updating the bargraph // print_rssi() / unsigned int get_rssi(void) - Return the RSSI value after an A/D convertion / unsigned int get_rssi(void) unsigned int rssi; ConvertADC(); // Start convertion while( BusyADC() ); // Wait for completion rssi = ReadADC(); // Read result // get_rssi() / void read_keys(void) - Scan the Touch Keys of the user interface / void read_keys(void) // KEY_ = ON/OFF key if(key_) // The alarm is enable if(alarm_en) alarm_en = 0; // Disable the alarm putrsxlcd( " Alarm OFF " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " " ); bip(); // Acoustic Feedback DelayXsec(); // Wait for sec LED_ = 0; LED_ = 0; LED_ = 0; LED_ = 0; LCD_BKLT = 0; // The alarm is disable else alarm_en = ; LCD_BKLT = ; // Shut-down the LEDs // Shut-down the LCD display backlight // Enable the alarm // Turn-on the LCD backlight 6

20 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c LED_ = ; // Turn-on the LEDs LED_ = ; LED_ = ; LED_ = ; bip(); // Acoustic Feedback putrsxlcd( " Alarm ON " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " " ); DelayXsec(); // Wait for sec // if(key_) // KEY_ = Left Arrow else if(key_) bip(); // Acoustic Feedback // Decrement menu counter menu--; if (menu < 0) menu = (NB_MENUS-); // else if(key_) // KEY_ = Alarm Off // If we are there, no alert is currently running else if(key_) bip(); putrsxlcd( " No Alert Detected " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " " ); DelayXsec(); // else if(key_) // KEY_ = Right Arrow else if(key_) bip(); menu++; if (menu > (NB_MENUS-)) menu = 0; // else if(key_) // read_keys() // If loop => start over // Acoustic Feedback // Wait for sec // Acoustic Feedback // Increment menu counter // If loop => start over / void print_event(void) - Print a new event on the LCD display / void print_event(void) // A motion has been detecting if(detector_status == 'A') putrsxlcd( " WARNING " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " Motion Detected " ); // The detector has a low battery level if(detector_status == 'B') putrsxlcd( " WARNING " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( "Detector Low Battery" ); // The detector is now connected else if(detector_status == 'C') putrsxlcd( " Detector " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " Connected " ); // We shouldn't be there else putrsxlcd( " ERROR TRANSMISSION " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " " ); bip(); // Acoustic feedback DelayXsec(); // Wait for second 7

21 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c // print_event() / void timeout(void) - Check if the detector is still connected to the base station / void timeout(void) detector_timeout++; // Increlent timeout counter // Timeout counter > 00 =~ seconds if(detector_timeout > 00) bip(); // Acoustic feedback putrsxlcd( " Detector " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " Disconnected " ); DelayXsec(); // Wait for sec detector_status = 'D'; // Update detector status => disconnected detector_timeout = 0; // Reset timeout counter // timeout() display_menu(menu); // Display menu on the LCD display / void void trigger_alarm(void) - Trigger the alarm and wait for stop key / void trigger_alarm(void) putrsxlcd( "!!!! ALERT!!!! " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " Motion Detected " ); alarm(); // Launch the alarm while(!key_); // Poll the stop key alarm(0); // Stop the alarm alert = 0; // End of the alert bip(); // Acoustic feedback putrsxlcd( " End of Alert " ); SetDDRamAddr(0x0); putrsxlcd( " " ); DelayXsec(); // Wait for sec // trigger_alarm() / void alarm(int on) - Turn on or off the alarm / void alarm(int on) // Alarm ON if(on) buz_stop = 0; // => Timer 0: Buzzer frequency => approx Hz OpenTimer0( TIMER_INT_ON & T0_8BIT & T0_SOURCE_INT & T0_PS ); // => Timer : Bip frequency OpenTimer( TIMER_INT_ON & T_8BIT_RW & T_SOURCE_INT & T_PS 8 & T_OSCEN_OFF & T_SYNC_EXT_OFF ); // Alarm OFF else CloseTimer0(); // Close timer 0 CloseTimer(); // Close timer 8

22 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c // alarm() / void bip(int start) - Generates a single bip / void bip(int start) if(start) bip_en = ; alarm(); else alarm(0); bip_en = 0; // bip() / high_isr(void) - Interrupts sub-routine. Process Timer 0, Timer and UART interrupts / #pragma interrupt high_isr void high_isr(void) unsigned char inputchar; // Input Character // UART RX Interrupt => New data byte in the FIFO if(pirbits.rcif) inputchar = getcusart(); // Read new data byte if(inputchar == '!') // If start character detected receive_data(); PIRbits.RCIF = 0; // Timer Interrupt else if(pirbits.tmrif) // If not single bip (= alarm) if(!bip_en) buz_stop = ~buz_stop; // If signal bip else bip(0); PIRbits.TMRIF = 0; // Timer 0 Interrupt else // If buzzer not in hold if(!buz_stop) BUZZER = ~BUZZER; // If buzzer in hold else BUZZER = 0; INTCONbits.TMR0IF = 0; // high_isr() // Get all the data packet // Reset RX interrupt flag // Toggle alarm state // End of the bip // Reset Timer interrupt flag // Reset Timer 0 interrupt flag / void receive_data(void) - Received the data packet from the detector / void receive_data(void) unsigned char inputstr[]; // Input String: Mess + CRC + Null Char unsigned int crc; // Calculated CRC unsigned int receivedcrc; // Received CRC unsigned int crc_high, crc_low; // Received CRC High & Low bytes getsusart(inputstr,); // Get the data packet 9

23 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c crc = crc_calc(inputstr[0]); // Calc the CRC of the data byte crc_high = ((unsigned int) inputstr[]) << 8; crc_low = (unsigned int) inputstr[]; receivedcrc = crc_high + crc_low; // Read the received CRC // If the CRC are the same => process the data byte if(crc == receivedcrc && crc!= 0) detector_timeout = 0; // Clear timeout detector // If this is an alert if(inputstr[0] == 'A' && alarm_en) alert = ; // Launch the alert // If this is not an alert => update detector status else if(detector_status!= inputstr[0]) detector_status = inputstr[0]; event = ; // receive_data() / unsigned int crc_calc(unsigned char) - Calculates the CRC-6-CCITT of a data byte. Source: / unsigned int crc_calc(unsigned char data ) unsigned int x; unsigned int crc = 0; x = ((crc>>8) ^ (unsigned int) data) & 0xff; x ^= x>>; crc = (crc << 8) ^ (x << ) ^ (x <<) ^ x; return crc; // crc_calc() / void DelayFor8TCY(void) - Delay of 8 cycles for the XLCD library / void DelayFor8TCY(void) Delay0TCYx(00); // DelayFor8TCY() / void DelayPORXLCD(void) - Delay of ms for the XLCD library / void DelayPORXLCD(void) Delay0KTCYx(00); // DelayPORXLCD() / void DelayXLCD(void) - Delay of ms for the XLCD library / void DelayXLCD(void) DelayKTCYx(00); // DelayXLCD() / void DelayXsec(int nbseconds) - Wait for x seconds / void DelayXsec(int nbseconds) 0

24 C:\Users\Laurent\Desktop\Parallax Contest\Software\Base.c int i; for(i = 0; i < nbseconds; i++) Delay0KTCYx(00); // Wait for 0µS Delay0KTCYx(00); // Wait for 0µS // DelayXsec()

25 Bill Of Materials ================= Design: WatchDuck - Detector Doc. no.: Revision: Author: Laurent Goudet Created: /0/0 Modified: /0/0 BoM Detector.TXT QTY PART-REFS VALUE Resistors R k R,R6,R7 0k R 68 R 70k Capacitors C-C uf C-PIC 00nF Integrated Circuits U PIC8FK0 U H8C -AXI U MHZ TRANSCEIVER U SP60 U TC0 U6 LED-BICO Transistors Q PMF90XN Miscellaneous BAT,BUZZER CONN-SIL ICSP RJ-6-R SW Switch IP68 Page

26 BoM Base Station.TXT Bill Of Materials ================= Design: WatchDuck - Base Station Doc. no.: Revision: Author: Laurent Goudet Created: /0/0 Modified: /0/0 QTY PART-REFS VALUE Resistors R-R,R7 M R 6k R 60k R6 80k R7-R0 0 R-R R 0k R6 k RS-RS.k RSNS-RSNS k Capacitors C-C uf C 0.uF C-KEYS nf C-PIC 00nF CS-CS 0nF Integrated Circuits U PIC8FK0 U NHD-00DZ-FSW-FBW U MHZ TRANSCEIVER U SP60 U TC0 U6 QT0-ISSG Transistors Q PMF90XN Diodes D-D8 LED Miscellaneous BUZZER CONN-SIL ICSP CONN-RJ J-J PIN POWER POWER MM RV RES-VAR Page

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