A Design of U-Health System on Smart Phone Using ISO/IEEE PHD Standard

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1 A Design of U-Health System on Smart Phone Using ISO/IEEE PHD Standard Dokyeong Lee, Gihyun Bang, Sejin Han and Deokjai Choi Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju , South Korea ABSTRACT In these days, U-Health indicates that health care and medical services can be applied in real-time with the support of wired and wireless communication technology. It has emerged to give solutions for many social issues including medical expenses, aging of populations, and the absence of medical experts. In the case of Mobile, U-Health system is a service in which the mobile device provides to user an interface to interact with standalone medical devices. However, most medical devices adopt heterogeneous protocols and standards which fully depend on their manufacturers. To solve this issues, a standard ISO/IEEE PHD(Personal Health Device) has been developed by IEEE Personal Health Data Working Group. This standard provides techniques to assure compatible extensibility of the U-Health system by defining the standards which are responsible for managing and exchanging health information of the user between PHD and remote servers. For this reason, we designed a U-Health system on smart phone using the ISO/IEEE PHD standards, and secured communicate with SSL through the web interface. Then, we implemented a management application on smart phone using ISO/IEEE PHD standard in order to assure compatible extensibility among other types of PHDs from various manufacturers. Based on the result achieved from our implementation, the proposed U-Health system could be utilized as a realtime service which could be deployed in mobile environment from the reality. KEYWORDS U-Health, ISO/IEEE 11073, Personal Health Device, Smart Phone, Bluetooth, Health Device Profile 1 INTRODUCTION Ubiquitous health service is a health service which works in a ubiquitous environment using broadband and wireless mobile technologies. It enables us to receive health care services in mobile situations with or without the intervention of medical experts. Health information of a user is measured by a medical device and delivered to a remote server for analysis by medical experts. The analyzed results (e.g. prescription, disease information) are returned to the user for treatment. A mobile U-Health service is a service operating in a smart phone, wherein the device provides to the user an interface to interact with standalone medical devices and be a gateway to transfer data measured from medical devices to a remote server for analysis [1, 2]. In these days, U-Health indicates that health care and medical services can be applied in real-time with the support of wired and wireless communication technology. It has emerged to give solutions for many social issues including medical expenses, aging of the populations, and the absence of medical experts. Meanwhile, in a situation, a standard ISO/IEEE PHD (Personal Health Device) has been developed by IEEE Personal Health Data Working Group. This standard provides techniques to assure compatible extensibility of the U-Health system by defining the standards which are responsible for managing and exchanging health information of the user between Personal Health Device (PHD) and remote servers [3]. In addition, as healthy daily-life has become more important these days, many people expect to knows and manage their health information in real time. Furthermore, the smart phones have been rapidly widespread with all support the Bluetooth function which is suitable to be deployed the ISO/IEEE PHD standard [4]. ISBN: SDIWC 133

2 In this paper, we introduce a U-Health system running on a smart phone. Additionally, we implement a management application on a smart phone using ISO/IEEE PHD standard in order to assure compatible extensibility among other types of PHDs from various manufacturers. Our objective is that we attempt to provide a realtime healthcare service that can work continuously at anytime and anywhere in the mobile environment. 2 BACKGROUND In our system, smart phone manager operate based on ISO/IEEE PHD standard through the Bluetooth HDP in order to receive measured health data from PHDs. 2.1 ISO/IEEE PHD Standard Basically, the ISO/IEEE PHD standards are designed for management of health and disease. It is comprised of xx specializations for personal health devices (blood pressure monitor, thermometer) and the optimized exchange protocol [5-7]. Health Care Profile (HCP). The ISO/IEEE optimized exchange protocol defines general protocols such as managing the connections between many kinds of PHDs and the manager [7]. ASN.1 Domain Information Model Service Model Communication Model Nomenclature Figure 2. ISO/IEEE PHD Model 2.2 Bluetooth Health Device Profile Application (Source) Device Data Specializations IEEE Data Exchange Protocol (Agent) MCAP L2CAP SDP Application (Sink) Device Data Specializations IEEE Data Exchange Protocol (Manager) MCAP L2CAP SDP Source Side Sink Side Figure 3. Bluetooth HDP Protocol model Figure 1. ISO/IEEE PHD Structure. A structure of the ISO/IEEE PHD is defined protocol consider of layer 7 as shown in the Figure 1. In addition, it defines communication model, information model, and service model between portable device (Manager) and personal health device (Agent) [3, 8, 9]. The communication protocol allows for many ways to transmit such as Bluetooth HDP, \USB Personal Health Device Class (PHDC), and Zigbee In these days, every smart phone fundamentally includes Bluetooth communication function, and then Bluetooth communication have HDP(Health Device Profile) which is special profile for connecting to the PHDs. The Bluetooth HDP defines a protocol and Bluetooth connection for exchanging health data of the human, and it operates in accordance with the ISO/IEEE Personal Health Data Exchange Protocol with the xx device specialization specifications in order to provide interoperability in the application level for various PHDs. The Bluetooth HDP application is used mainly in home, mobile, and clinic. For instance, in a clinical environment, Bluetooth HDP is used to send patient s health data from the medical devices (Sources) such as glucose meter and thermometer to patient status monitoring and analysis devices (Sinks). ISBN: SDIWC 134

3 As shown in Figure 3, the source is transmitter that provides source of data, whereas a sink is receiver that receives data from the source. The source can measure user s health status, and relay data measured by one or more respective devices that wirelessly link the sink to a device as well as entity outside of Bluetooth. The sink may display received data from a source, or it may relay to other device. It can operate as a sink for one transaction, and a source for another. In addition, HDP can support to other data exchange protocols, but the ISO/IEEE can use to only data exchange protocol with Bluetooth HDP [10]. center can retrieve his patient s health information and add necessary treatment feedback to the database server. So, he can view the patient s health information using a portable device such as smart phone as illustrated in Figure 4. In the other side, the patient can monitor measured health data as well as feedback information such as prescriptions and comments from his responsible medical expert. ISO/IEEE Protocol Data Register Medical Center (Database Server) In our system, we use to Bluetooth HDP for exchanging measured health data between source (Agent) and sink (Manager). Personal Health Device (Bluetooth HDP Device) Bluetooth HDP Android Smart Phone (Patient Device) Web Server (Radius Client) 3 SYSTEM DESIGN In this section, we design a U-Health system including the architecture, access procedure to the database, service procedure. Additionally, we implement the ISO/IEEE PHD standard based smart phone manager application. 3.1 U-Health System Architecture As illustrated in Figure 4, our system consists of three parts: 1) Data measurement from PHDs such as blood pressure monitor and pulse oximeter, 2) Data delivery between PHDs and Android based smart phone through Bluetooth HDP communication, 3) Data exchange management between database and web server including RADIUS client. First, the patient needs to register his information, general settings, and selected health devices which are expected to be connected using his own smart phone. After that, the patient measures his health status using PHDs. Second, measured health data is delivered from PHD to the Android-based smart phone through the Bluetooth HDP according to the ISO/IEEE data exchange procedure. Then, the measured health data is transferred to a database server which can be located in certain institutes such as medical center. Before sending data to the database server, the portable device of patient is authenticated by a RADIUS server. Finally, expert from the medical Android Smart Phone (Doctor Device) Authentication Center (Radius Server) Figure 4. U-Health System for Personal Health Information. 3.2 Access to Database User Device (Android) Connection Request (HttpsUrlConnection) Accept-Message Data Request Data Response Radius Client Login Information (ID/Password) Reply-Message Radius Server Database Access Send Data Figure 5. Access to the Database. Database server (Medical center) The management application of the Android-based smart phone communicates with the server using wireless network such as WLAN or 3/4G. Because security and implementation issues, the socket in the android is difficult to implement the secured communication with the SSL. For that reason, we develop to use HTTPS connection in order to securely transfer the data to the database server. Through the HTTPS connections, the android management application can connect to ISBN: SDIWC 135

4 the web server and transmit the patient health data to the database server after authentication by the RADIUS. Access to the database server can be divided into two parts of procedures. The first part is authentication by the RADIUS. A user attempts to connect to the web server and provide his credential including user ID and password to the RADIUS server via a RADIUS client. The RADIUS server manages the user and RADIUS client information. If the user is successfully authenticated, user s mobile device will get the acceptance message as illustrated in the figure 5. Then, while the web server is maintaining the authentication status for the user, the device can request the web server to grant access to the database in the web interface. Then, database server can reply with the requested data for the authenticated user. 3.3 Service Procedure ISO/IEEE Protocol Bluetooth HDP Personal Health Device (Bluetooth HDP Device) Smartphone User Generate user health information and send to Medical Center User information data Measured health data Information display Receive feedback for prescription Medical Center User 1 User 2 Database Health Data User Info Health Data User Info User health information analysis Send feedback for prescription Figure 6. Service Procedure for Patient Administration. Service procedure can be divided into the patient and database server such as medical center. First, patient connects to between PHD and smart phone using Bluetooth HDP. Second, patient measures his health status such as blood pressure, glucose. Such information will be transmitted to the medical center. After that, the medical center registers and stores to patient information into the database, and then analyse the patient s health information for the prescription and feedback. Finally, the prescription and feedback information are transmitted to the patient s device. Such information is displayed on the patient s smart phone for treatment. 4 IMPLEMENTATION We utilize to a blood pressure monitor (UA- 767PBT-C) of the A&D manufacturer and a Google Nexus One mobile phone of google for our implementation Figure 7. UA-767PBT-C and Nexus one. We present the results of applying our proposed smart phone based management application for the U-health system. The management application utilizes the android operating system named ICS It displays measured patient s health data and some information, and interacts with user through a developed graphic user interface (GUI). The GUI of the management application supports essential functionalities such as user log-in, PHD registration, and PHD and medical center connections. Such all developed functionalities are described in detail as in following: User Registration: register to user ID, Password, and additional user information. Mode Selection: user can selects to operation mode for one of two including (1) connecting to health device or (2) transmitting data to the medical center. Device Selection: user can select to one of the registered PHDs. Measurement result: displaying the measured data captured from the PHDs. ISBN: SDIWC 136

5 Figure 8. The GUI of our developed Android-based Management Application Prescription: user can see the prescription information suggested by medical experts through analyzing measured health data Medical Center Information: displaying the medical center and patient s doctor information. Medical Center Transmission: Sending patient health information to the medical center. Essential information related to the medical center address should be pre-registered (e.g. IP address port number, etc.) After the configuration is finished, the management application will search for registered PHDs which are working near the mobile device and establish a Bluetooth HDP connection and IEEE association with the selected PHD. Then, the application measures patient s health data according to the individual PHD configuration. Finally, it transmits captured data to the medical center. The application displays measured health data from each PHD. And also, it can receive feedback information in terms of patient prescription, treatment feedback as well as medical center information and medical expert in charge. 5 CONCLUSIONS In a mobile environment, U-Health service is a service in which the smart phone operates to important part in terms of providing user interfaces, and relaying measured health information to a gateway or remote server. Additionally, the ISO/IEEE PHD standard provides techniques to assure compatible extensibility of the U-Health system by defining the standards which are responsible for managing and exchanging health information of the user between Personal Health Device (PHD) and remote servers. Therefore, in this study, we designed U-Health system that manages to user health information between PHDs and smart phone, and deliveries among the medical center and user smart phone. Also, we implemented a management application on smart phone using ISO/IEEE PHD standard in order to assure compatible extensibility among other types of PHDs from various manufacturers. Our further work will focus on deploying the proposed U-Health system in the real environment with the collaboration of voluntary medical centers. Acknowledgment. This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Education (MOE) ISBN: SDIWC 137

6 and National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) through the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovation. 6 REFERENCES [1] Istepanian R., Laxminarayan S., and Pattichis C. S., M- health. Springer Science+ Business Media, Incorporated, [2] Istepanian R., Jovanov E., and Zhang Y. T., Guest editorial introduction to the special section on m-health: Beyond seamless mobility and global wireless healthcare connectivity, in IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine 8 (4), 2004, [3] Nam J. C., Seo W. K., Bae J. S., and Cho Y. Z., Design and Development of a u-health System Based on the ISO/IEEE PHD Standards, in 17 th Asia Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC), 2011, [4] Young J. M., Park J. H., Song W. C., Lee D. K. and Choi D. J., NFC-based Personal Information Management for U-Health, in International Conference on Consumer Electronics - China 2013, Oct. 3, [5] Martínez-Espronceda M., Martínez I., Escayola J., Serrano L., Trigo J., Led S., and García J., Standard- Based Homecare Challenge, in Handbook of Digital Homecare, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009, [6] Carroll R., Cnossen R., Schnell M., and Simons D. Continua: An interoperable personal healthcare ecosystem, in IEEE Pervasive Computing 6 (4), 2007, [7] Clarke M., Bogia D., Hassing K., Steubesand L., Chan T., and Ayyagari D., Developing a standard for personal health devices based on 11073, in 29 th IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS), 2007, [8] IEEE Std , Health Informatics- Personal Health Device Communication-Application Profile - Optimized Exchange Protocol, Dec [9] Lim J. H., Park C., and Park S. J., Home healthcare settop-box for senior chronic care using ISO/IEEE PHD standard, in IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2010, [10] HDP Implementation Guidance Whitepaper, DP_Implementation_WP_V10.pdf ISBN: SDIWC 138