Network Evolution Driving forces and influences on the physical Network

Transcription

1 Network Evolution Driving forces and influences on the physical Network

2 Agenda Network Evolution New IEC Standards for FO connectivity NGON New Generation Optical Networks

3 15 Years ago

4 and today s VISIONS UNLIMITED BANDWIDTH for EVERYBODY, at ANYTIME and... EVERYWHERE

5 Migration of Network infrastructure Old World New World

6 More applications means more broadband e - learning Network of schools & universities, International integration Professional application Video-conferences, research, media-data (picture, audio, video) e - entertainment Online gaming, Video, Pay TV Teleworking Homework, Protection of jobs on the country e - government Electronic tax-explanation Security Long-distance supervision, Video surveillance of traffic e - health Medical applications (Medika, X-ray) Health insurance Personal convenience e-banking, peer to peer networking

7 IP-Based Interaction Technologies offer NEW capabilities Integrated communication capabilities enable rich-media interactions and extend the reach of interactions to involve multiple parties.

8 That has influences on data transmission AND the physical Network Move MORE. Information Move FASTER Broadband Move it FURTHER Distance Consumers have discovered interactive gaming, multimedia, streaming video and other bandwidth-intensive applications...they need...more Broadband and SPEED!!

9 Fiber or Copper? Upstream DSL speeds much smaller DSL speeds decrease as distance from Exchange increases Fiber satisfies all requirements: bandwidth, distance and speed!

10 Use of broadband per segment increases

11 Near Term Applications Minimum requirements for a new network > 50 Mbps Future needs will be much greater (peer-peer, telemedicine, 3D-TV,.)

12 Evolution of picture quality Samsung are saying: New Generation of 3D TVs will need 300 Mbit/s data streams.

13 Increasing Services adds Complexity Grow revenues with new services (current and new subscribers) ~30 Mbps IPTV VoD Challenge: How to increase revenues ~6 Mbps VIDEO VIDEO and Minimize Network failures ~3 Mbps 64 kbps VOICE/ Dial up DATA PSTN BB DATA VOICE / VOIP BB DATA VOICE / VOIP BB DATA VOICE / VOIP DSL VDSL PON New services require more inhome devices and complexity in the network More complexity means more customers need more support COMPLEXITY

14 Revenue Potential (Home) WORLDWIDE ONLINE GAMING $1.9B $5.2B HOME NETWORKING MARKET $8.3B 106% $17.1 B 2009 Source: DFC Intelligence, $9.8B ON DEMAND MOVIES FROM THE INTERNET 20 Source: Parks Associates Research Households (%)

15 The Goal: NGN (Next Generation Network)

16 What are the requirements for NGN? % network security enough bandwith reserve for future data flow (prevention of stranded investments) highest possible system security thanks to quality products modularity for simple and fast upgrades easy, customized solutions secure, easy and clearly arranged cable management (maintanance, service) excellent support and consultancy

17 What are the requirements for NGN? FO Copper High-performance fiber optic and copper networks have to meet ever increasing demands concerning transmission performance and operational reliability. In particular, the quality of passive components plays an important role

18 Investment Expenditure in comparison with service life Ratio of investment expenditure to service life in various IT segments. The central importance of cabling is often underestimated.

19 Agenda Network Evolution New IEC Standards for FO connectivity NGON New Generation Optical Networks

20 New Standards for Connectors IEC Class A = Singlemode (high-end performance) Class B = Singlemode (advanced performance) Class C = Singlemode (standard performance) Class D = Singlemode (economic performance) Class M = Multimode

21 General information's Optical Interface IEC and IEC , Performance Grades A to C 1. Only the parameters for ceramic ferrules are prepared and released. 2. Compatibility of other technologies have to be tested and approved. Performance reductions have to be declared. 3. Importent values are defined in a check list. 4. All other ferrule materials have to be specified in extra documents.

22 New Standard IEC Optical Interfaces 0.15dB 0.07dB

23 Low Loss system extends reach Source: Alcatel-Lucent

24 Agenda Network Evolution New IEC Standards for FO connectivity NGON New Generation Optical Networks

25 NGON FTTx means Delivering a Gigabit of bandwidth to enable new services GPON = Gigabit Passive Optical Network home ONU Voice Data Video Network CATV Video Headend Video PON Fibre-to-the-home IP Data Network IP Data / Video VoIP Gateway mdu ONU Voice Data Video edge Fibre-to-the MDU Voice Network TDM Voice / Data OLT biz ONU Voice Data Video Fibre-to-the-business ONUs

26 FTTH Network Technologies Active Ethernet (AE) PtP connections via an Ethernet switch Typical range 10km (max 40 long reach-) Attractive for Multi-dwelling Units Home Run PtP connections Typical range 10km (max 40) Attractive for corporate customers Power Split Shared (TDMA) medium upstream; 20km (max 60) customers per Passive Optical Network Variants BPON, EPON and GPON (for mass market ) Wavelength Division Multiplexed PON (WDM-PON) Light color per customer Under standardization High bandwidth per customer

27 FTTH Network Topology (architecture) Basically, there are 3 Architectures for fiber deployment P2P (point to point) P2MP (point to multi point) Active Star (combination with copper)

28 P2P network topology using fiber pairs

29 Point-to-Point (P2P) connectivity - Cost of fiber plant - Fiber management at CO - TxRx management at CO + Future proof architecture + Unlimited bandwidth + Lowest equip cost + Same as current telco wired topology

30 P2MP topology using single fibres and splitters

31 TDM PON Basics

32 TDM PON strengths and weaknesses

33 Comparison between P2P AND P2MP PON P2P + Virtually unlimited bandwidth per customer Fiber topology is technologically neutral Enables technology competition Allows unbundling at the physical layer P2P - Higher cabling CAPEX than PON Requires more facilities: higher OPEX PON + Less fibers Less space (CO, underground pipes) Less investment Impact of suppliers PON - IPTV limited Interoperability Higher cost (CPE)

34 PON introduction PON High capacity and efficient use of bandwidth allows many applications and Flexible network configurations

35 PON Background PONs provide cost-effective access systems because the transmission fiber and the central office equipment can be shared by several customers. PON systems are popular as major FTTx systems around the world. Access network ONU OLT Optical fiber Optical splitter ONU OLT : Optical Line Terminal ONU: Optical Network Unit ONU

36 PON Fundamentals

37 Total Loss Budget of a PON Defined by the standards. The ITU organization will specify the maximum loss in order to get an error free transmission:

38 PON Standards Source: R&M white paper Broadband for the future by Patrick Gähwiler

39 The requirements of a FTTH PON network CUTOMER PREMISES CENTRAL OFFICE OUTSIDE PLANT

40 The requirements of a FTTH PON network CENTRAL OFFICE High fiber optic termination density Security is needed Modularity to support future development Space saving

41 The requirements of a FTTH PON network OUTSIDE PLANT Flexibility Environmental protection Upgradable Easy handling

42 The requirements of a FTTH PON network CUTOMER PREMISES Simplicity Safety Modularity

43 Required PON components OLT: Optical Line Termination Located at the CO Splitters: Aerial and buried; 1x32, 16, 8, 4, connectorized or spliced One or Multiple splitter stages Drop Terminal: Aerial and buried Connectorized or spliced WDM coupler: Combines 1490nm+1310nm with 1550nm ONT: Optical Network Termination Located at the Premises

44 Different choices for splitter placement The two common splitter configurations are the cascaded and the centralized approaches When splitters are cascaded together, loss will occur at each device. The combined loss effect can reduce the distance. The centralized splitter minimizes that signal loss by eliminating extra splices and/or connectors from the distribution network.

45 Operating wavelengths ranges acc. ITU In accordance to the ITU-T G recommendation, every splitter used in FTTH application has to work at 3 wavelengths : 1310nm ( data / voice upstream ) 1490nm ( data / voice downstream) 1550nm ( video signal ) A fourth wavelength is required e.g. 1650nm for upstream OTDR testing from ONT.

46 Splitter / Coupler Technology Signal splitting issues following parameters are important for the selection of splitters broad operating wavelength range low insertion loss and uniformity in any conditions dimensions and implementation in existing infrastructure High reliability Available technology There are two different technical approaches to solve the signal splitting Issues Fused splitters or FBT Planar splitters or PLC

47 Splitter / Coupler Technology - FBT FBT = Fused Biconical Taper a little piece of the primary coating is removed simultaneous fusing and tapering of the glass fiber the simultaneous process generates coupling zones the duration of the tapering process determines the coupling ratio => Result: 2 x 2 coupler with two input and two output fibers The second input fiber is closed off reflectionfree => Result: 1 x 2 coupler

48 Splitter / Coupler Technology - PLC PLC= Planar Light wave Circuit Planar technology is the latest in passive, fiber-optic component manufacturing. It uses semiconductor techniques, to build compact, fiber-optic devices. This technique displaces fusedbiconical taper devices for highcount splitters (e.g. 1x32) The resulting devices are smaller, more robust and a lot more expensive. 10x47 mm

49 FTTH PON physical splitter placement Central Office Distribution Hub Cabinet / ODF PON AON drop enclosure FTTC FTTB/P Cat5 / Cat6 twisted pair T O T O T O Business T O Metro Ring FTTH POP DSLAM (VDSL) WiMax

50 FTTH PON physical splitter placement / ratio The final splitting ratio can be achieved using a single splitter device

51 FTTH PON physical splitter placement / ratio The ITU G standard recommends splitting the signal up to 32 users. cascaded series, such as : 1x8 + 1x4 or 1x16 + 1x2

52 FTTH PON typical system architecture

53 xwdm Technology What is WDM? WDM stands for Wavelength Division Multiplexing. WDM is a technology which multiplexes several signals on a single fibre by using different wavelength to carry different signals. This allows for a n-fold increase in capacity, in addition to making it possible to perform bidirectional. The most common are WDM, CWDM and DWDM: WDM: multiplexing 2 wavelength (1310nm/1550nm) CWDM: multiplexing up to 8 wavelength (20nm channel spacing) DWDM: multiplexing up to 160 wavelength (1.6nm [200GHz] and 0.8nm [100GHz] channel spacing)

54 1WDM / CWDM / DWDM New services are added, digitally Wavelengths are virtualized into digital bandwidth

55 WDM central office CO CO Fiber Management to implement the Video signal in the existing FO Network

56 DWDM and CWDM Technology CWDM Coarse WDM Technology for un-amplified, lower channel count applications. Less cost than DWDM. Ideal for Metro Access applications. Characterized by a wide channel spacing over a wide optical spectrum 20 nm spacing from nm O - Band E - Band S - Band C-Band L - Band λ(nm) CWDM WINDOW λ(nm)

57 CWDM for BW requirements 16 MDU buildings - 12 apartments in each Building - BW Requirements CWDM

58 DWDM and CWDM Technology DWDM Dense WDM Technology for amplified, high bandwidth applications. Ideal for Metro Core, Regional, and Long Haul applications. Squeezes as many channels as possible into optical spectrum supported by today s optical amplifier technology. Characterized by a tight channel spacing over a narrow wavelength spectrum, typically GHz (I.e. 0.4nm 1.6nm) spacing in the C and L Bands O - Band E - Band S - Band C-Band L - Band λ(nm) nm DWDM WINDOW λ(nm)

59 DWDM and CWDM Technology Fused Biconical Taper (FBT): Similar process as for coupler/splitter. Due to the different mode field diameter one wavelength couples out. By cascading these devices, many wavelengths can be demultiplexed Low cost Low insertion loss Low isolation Broad pass band

60 DWDM and CWDM Technology Thin Film Filters (TFF): TFF s are coated with multiple layers of material that is manufactured using an ion-assisted physical vapor deposition. Each layer contains the property of a different refractive index. Particular wavelength are reflected or transmited. Low insertion loss High isolation Low PMD High Return Loss To a limited extent applicable for DWDM

61 WDM-PON is generally considered the technical end solution

62 Summary PON PON is the ideal solution for delivering Broadband services into FTTH GPON is the ideal PON solution for FTTH GPON over CWDM guarantees even more BW for the future Established standards Broad industry support - WDM-PON is the new kid on the block

63 Many thanks for your attention Questions?