Load Composition Modeling Update

Transcription

1 Load Composition Modeling Update JAN 24 TH, 2018 PRESENTER: YU ZHANG TEAM: YU ZHANG (PNNL) DAVE CHASSIN (SLAC) PAVEL ETINGOV, DAN JAMES, YUAN LIU, SOUMYA KUNDU, QIUHUA HUANG, YINGYING TANG, JIAN ZHANG, YULONG XIE(PNNL) WECC MVWG/LMTF

2 Overview Aggregated Load Protection Aggregate protection parameters for the composite load model PSCAD EMTP Simulations Load Composition Model (LCM) Update 2

3 Data Needed From Utilities PQube event data and corresponding PMU data End-use data (hourly or sub-hourly) Cooling, heating, lighting, cooking, water heater, plugs, refrigeration Program details (the number of customers, residential/commercial etc.) SCADA data Billed data ( e.g. commercial buildings types, number) Data center and service load Industrial, agricultural load data AMI smart meter data Geographic information (number of buildings/customers ) Contact: Yu.Zhang@pnnl.gov Phone: (305)

4 Commercial building protection response table The table documents tripping and reconnection responses of typical commercial building end-use motor loads to common voltage depression. Link the equipment in the commercial buildings to the load components Link and quantify the protection parameters in the composite load model The types of commercial buildings that have been considered Fast Food Supermarket Office (small and large, by square feet) Retail (small, medium and large, by square feet) Warehouse Lodging Hotel School Hospital 4

5 Load protection settings example: Retail Building (5,000 15,000 sq ft) Equip Motor Type Protection Vtr Ttr Vrc Trc RTUs Exhaust Fan Reach-in Refrigerators, Freezers Walk-in R/F M-B Fan M-A Compressors M-D Fractional condenser & induced draft Fans M-D M-A Compressors M-D Fan motors M-A Compressors M-D Fractional evaporator and condenser fan Contactors drop out at 50%, re-energizes after 1-8 cycles. Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Extended sag 20+ cycles may cause overload tripping. (manual restart) Voltage sag 60-65% may cause thermostat restart (30s restart delay after reboot) Protection - 2 TD 10-30min Protection % 90s Contactors drop out at 50%, re-energizes after 1-8 cycles. Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Extended sag 20+ cycles may cause overload tripping. (manual restart) Voltage sag 60-65% may cause thermostat restart (300s restart delay after reboot) Protection - 2 TD 10-30min Protection % 360s Contactors drop out at 50%, re-energizes after 1-8 cycles. Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Extended sag (2-5s) may cause thermal tripping. Auto restart after 3-5 min (ambient temp. dependent). Protection - 3 TD 3-10min Voltage sag 60-65% may cause thermostat restart (300s restart delay after reboot) Protection % 360s UV trip at 75% over 3min. Auto restart 75% 3min 90% --- Contactors drop out at 50%, re-energizes after 1-8 cycles. Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Extended sag (2-5s) may cause thermal tripping. Auto restart after 3-5 min (ambient temp. dependent). Contactor drops out at 50% <5 cycles, reenergizes after 1-8 cycles. Extended sag 20+ cycles may cause overload tripping. (manual restart) Extended sag (2-5s) may cause thermal tripping. Auto restart after 3-5 min (ambient temp. dependent). Protection - 3 TD 3-10min Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Protection - 2 TD 10-30min Protection - 3 TD 3-10min Manufacture UV trip at 90-80% >10-20cyc Protection % Contactors drop out at 50%, re-energizes after 1-8 cycles. Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Extended sag 20+ cycles may cause overload tripping. (manual restart) Protection - 2 TD 10-30min Manufacture UV trip at 90-80% >10-20cyc Protection % Contactors drop out at 50%, re-energizes after 1-8 cycles. Protection /70% 8.5/2 cyc Extended sag (2-5s) may cause thermal tripping. Auto restart after 3-5 min (ambient temp. dependent). Protection - 3 TD 3-10min Plug load --- Drops out at 75% after 5 cycles. 75% 5 cyc 90% --- RTU: roof top unit. Vtr: trip voltage level. Ttr: trip time delay. Vrc: reconnection voltage level. Trc: reconnection time delay. TD: to be determined If voltage recovers to 65%, contactor recloses with 8.5 cycle delay. If voltage recovers to 70%, contactor recloses with 2 cycle delay. Protection-1: Electronic Relay Protection-2: Overload Relay Protection-3: Thermal Protection Protection-4: Contactor Protection-5: BMS Operation 5

6 Aggregation of building protection For each building, identify the types of protection associated with each electrical equipment Example: (P1) electronic relays, (P2) overload, (P3) thermal, (P4) contactors, or (P5) building energy management systems For each building, use DOE s EnergyPlus program simulation to compute the aggregate load profile for each protection type. Use the total building floor space data (CBECS) to generate the aggregated protection profiles for all the commercial building sector 6

7 Commercial building equipment table Building Space Appliance Equipment Type Protection [sf] P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 Aggregate Small Retail RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Small Retail RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 Small Retail RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Small Retail Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Small Retail RiRF Frac_Compressor MD P2P4 Small Retail RiRF Frac_Fan MD P3 Small Retail WiRF Compressor MA P1P2P4 Small Retail WiRF Frac_Fan MD P1P3P4 Medium Retail RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Medium Retail RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 Medium Retail RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Medium Retail RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Medium Retail Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Large Retail RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Large Retail RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 Large Retail RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Large Retail RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Large Retail Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Supermarket RF Compressor MA P2P4 Supermarket RF Frac_Fan MD P3 Supermarket Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Supermarket RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Supermarket RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 Supermarket RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Supermarket RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Fast Food 2500 RTU Compressor MA P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 MAU Fan MB P2P3P4 Fast Food 2500 MAU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 Exahust Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 Ice Frac_Compressor MD P1P4P5 Fast Food 2500 Ice Frac_Condensor MD P1P4P5 Fast Food 2500 SS_Ice Compressor MA P1P4P5 Fast Food 2500 SS_Ice Frac_Condensor MD P1P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 WiRF Compressor MA P1P2P4 Fast Food 2500 WiRF Frac_Fan MD P1P3P4 7 Fast Food 2500 RiRF Frac_Compressor MD P3P4P5 Fast Food 2500 RiRF Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5

8 Commercial building equipment table Small Office AHU Compressor MA P1P2P4P5 Small Office AHU Fan MB P1P2P4P5 Small Office VAV Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Small Office Fan_Coil Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Small Office Exhaust Fan MB P1P2P4P5 Small Office Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P1P2P4P5 Small Office Boilers Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Small Office Boilers Pump MC P5 Small Office HWP Pump MD P3 Small Office CRAC Compressor MA P1P4P5 Small Office CRAC Fan MB P1P4P5 Small Office CRAC Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Large Office AHU Fan MB P2P4P5 Large Office VAV Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Large Office DOAS Fan MB P2P4P5 Large Office Chiller Compressor MA P1P4P5 Large Office Chiller Pump MC P2P5 Large Office Cool_Tower Fan MB P2P4P5 Large Office Fan_Coil Frac_Fan MD P3P4P5 Large Office Exhaust Fan MB P2P4P5 Large Office Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P2P4P5 Large Office Boilers Ind_Draft MB P1P4P5 Large Office Boilers Pump MC P2P5 Large Office CRAC Compressor MA P1P4P5 Large Office CRAC Fan MB P1P4P5 Large Office CRAC Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Large Office HWP Pump MD P3 Large Office Sewage Pump MC P2P4 Large Office CWP Pump MC P2P4P5 Warehouse Gas_Heater Fan MD P3P4 Warehouse Exhaust Frac_Fan MD P3P4 Lodging RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Lodging RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 Lodging RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Lodging RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Lodging Elec_Heat Fan MD P3P4P5 8 Lodging Split_Heat Indoor_Fan MD P3P4P5 Lodging Split_Heat Comp_Cond_Fan MD P3P4P5

9 Commercial building equipment table School Chiller Compressor MA P1P4P5 School Chiller Pump MC P2P5 School Cool_Tower Fan MB P2P4P5 School Fan_Coil Fan MB P3P4P5 School Exhaust Fan MB P2P4P5 School Boilers Ind_Draft MB P1P4P5 School Boilers Pump MC P2P5 School RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 School RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 School RTU Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 School RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4P5 Hotel PTAC Compressor MA P3P4 Hotel PTAC Fan MD P3 Hotel Exhaust Fan MD P3 Hotel HWP Pump MD P3 Hotel Split Fan MB P2P4 Hotel Split Compressor MA P2P4 Hotel Split Frac_Condensor MD P3P4 Hotel Split Frac_Ind_Draft MD P3P4 Hospital AHU Fan MB P2P4P5 Hospital VAV Frac_Fan MD P3P4 Hospital DOAS Fan MB P2P4P5 Hospital Chiller Compressor MA P1P4P5 Hospital Chiller Pump MC P2P5 Hospital Cool_Tower Fan MB P2P4P5 Hospital Fan_Coil Fan MD P3P4P5 Hospital Exhaust Fan MB P2P4P5 Hospital Exhaust Fan MD P2P4P5 Hospital CRAC Compressor MA P1P4P5 Hospital CRAC Fan MB P1P4P5 Hospital CRAC Frac_Condensor MD P3P4P5 Hospital Boilers Ind_Draft MB P1P4P5 Hospital Boilers Pump MC P2P5 Hospital CWP Pump MC P2P4P5 Hospital HWP Pump MD P3 Hospital Sewage Pump MC P2P4 Hospital RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 Hospital RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 9 Hospital RTU Frac_Condensor MD P4P5 Hospital RTU Frac_Ind_Draft MD P4P5

10 Aggregation of building protection Equipment protection model EnergyPlus equipment load profile *Retails. January. Phoenix, AZ. Time -series of all commercial building protection For typical cities in climate zones For each month of the year 10

11 Aggregated protection modeling using detailed dynamic simulation We have good understanding of motor (3ph, 1ph) performance at the component level Yet we have limited understanding of how to model the aggregated protection performance, due to lack of enough monitoring data at the end-use device level Changing motor load and composition Effects of location and ambient conditions Detailed dynamic simulation can provide us the necessary information and data to enhance our understanding and to develop aggregated protection model Simulation Platform: PSCAD 11

12 Transmission and distribution cosimulation model in PSCAD 6 commercial buildings connected. 2 Taxonomy feeders are connected in parallel to take the burden of all the building loads. Three-phase-to-ground fault is applied at Bus

13 Categorization of motors and protections Building Appliance Equipment Motor Type Protections Rating (kw) RTU Fan MB P2P4P RTU Compressor MA P2P4P Medium Retail RTU Frac. Condenser MD P3P4P RTU Frac. Ind. Draft MD P3P4P Exhaust Frac. Fan MD P3P4P Static Loads RTU Fan MB P2P4P RTU Compressor MA P2P4P Large Retail RTU Frac. Condenser MD P3P4P RTU Frac. Ind. Draft MD P3P4P Exhaust Frac. Fan MD P3P4P Static Loads RF Compressor MA P2P RF Frac. Fan MD P3 17 Exhaust Frac. Fan MD P3P4P Supermarket RTU Fan MB P2P4P RTU Compressor MA P2P4P RTU Frac. Condenser MD P3P4P RTU Frac. Ind. Draft MD P3P4P Static Loads Gas_Heater Fan MD P3P4 1.2 Warehouse Exhaust Frac. Fan MD P3P Static Loads Chiller Compressor MA P1P4P5 350 Chiller Pump MC P2P5 98 Cool_Tower Fan MB P2P4P5 42 Fan_Coil Fan MB P4P Exhaust Fan MB P2P4P School Boilers Ind. Draft MB P1P4P Boilers Pump MC P2P5 98 RTU Fan MB P2P4P5 123 RTU Compressor MA P2P4P5 425 RTU Frac. Condenser MD P3P4P5 130 RTU Frac. Ind. Draft MD P3P4P Static Loads PTAC Compressor MA P4 425 PTAC Fan MD P3 123 Exhaust Fan MD P3 23 HWP Pump MD P3 1.2 Hotel Split Fan MB P2P4 123 Split Compressor MA P2P4 425 Split Frac. Condenser MD P3P4 130 Split Frac. Ind. Draft MD P3P Static Loads Static MA MB MC MD Total % 40.50% 9.60% 4.00% 15.91% % Note: Frac. Fractional, Ind. Induced 13

14 Simulation results Simulation configuration: Total length = 5 s Time step = 40 µs Feeder-head voltage drop caused by Fault Voltage dip at t=1.0 s Dip interval = 0.1 s (6 cycles) Two cases All protections Only thermal protection Parameters are randomly selected in a range Voltage Measured between School and Warehouse 14

15 Simulation results 15

16 Load composition model residential load data sources BPA monitoring data : Developed by BPA, in mid 2000 Provides an overview of residential consumption patterns in residential homes in the Pacific Northwest Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) load data : Year of data: about Residential Building Stock Assessment (RBSA) load shape Uniquely for pacific northwest Can be obtained from NEEA website or EPRI s Load Shape Library (LSL)

17 Steps to use the LSL 4.0 NEEA data Download load shape data from EPRI LSL website Develop recategorization mapping Designate representative month for five types of study season Select peak hour index as scaling base Assign weighing factor Finally, run the Excel Macro to generate new data in the same format as light LCM data sheet 17

18 Comparison of light LCM and NEEA Load Shapes Hot Summer Day LCM light NEEA 18

19 Updated Load Composition Model with NEEA data Updated the load composition model by NEEA data. Tables below: Hot Summer Day, Hour = 16 (4:00pm) PSLF LID Motor A Motor B Motor C Motor D Power Electronic DG Static PF Static P Resistive Static P Current Static P Power Static Q Reactance Static Q Current Static Q Power NWC_RES NWC_COM NWC_MIX NWC_RAG PSLF LID Motor A Motor B Motor C Motor D Power Electronic DG Static PF Static P Resistive Static P Current Static P Power Static Q Reactance Static Q Current Static Q Power NWC_RES NWC_COM NWC_MIX NWC_RAG The original NEEA survey only covers 4 climate zones. We popularized the data and derived the end-use load shapes of the other 8 climate zones. 19

20 The authors thank the Department of Energy s Office of Electricity Delivery and Reliability Advanced Grid Modeling (AGM) Program for the funding support

21 Question?