Advanced SIPS using PMU and SCADA data

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4 Hitachi s Smart Grid Technology and Solutions Wide Area Protection System Advanced SCADA/DMS AMI, MDM system MDM システム HEMS, Demand Response 検針値収集開閉器制御業務連携検針値保存システム監視 Generation T&D Customer Energy Storage System HVDC STATCOM STATCOM for Distribution EV Charging System 変換用変圧器変換器建屋 Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved.

Next-generation SIPS by IT & FACTS technologies Preventing large-scale power blackout More reliable and more flexible

downloading (Periodically) Central Simulation Server PDC Real-time monitoring of data PDC Dynamics simulations STATCOM

Decides countermeasures Stabilizing command Thermal power plant Solar power plant Transmission Network Distribution

5 Next-generation SIPS by IT & FACTS technologies Preventing large-scale power blackout More reliable and more flexible network operation available Wind farm Substation ASPS(Adjustable-Speed Pumped-Storage system) (100s MW) Countermeasur e downloading (Periodically) Central Simulation Server PDC Real-time monitoring of data PDC Dynamics simulations STATCOM 変換用変圧器 (10s-100s MVar) 変換器建屋 Substation Central control unit Substation Battery Storage (10s MW) Rotor angle V 0 5 (S) P Decides countermeasures Stabilizing command Thermal power plant Solar power plant Transmission Network Distribution substation Distribution Network : Phasor Measurement Unit, PDC: Phasor Data Concentrator Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved.

6 Increased TTC (Total Transfer Capability) Power Flow Voltage Stability limit Thermal limit Transient Stability limit TTC Power Flow Voltage Stability limit Transient Stability limit Thermal limit TTC TTC before SIPS applied TTC after SIPS applied Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 5

Recent SIPS in Japan On-line TSC and ISC developed by Chubu Electric Power Company, Hitachi, Toshiba and Mitsubishi Source: A. Takeuchi, Y. Niwa, M. Nakane, T.

7 Recent SIPS in Japan On-line TSC and ISC developed by Chubu Electric Power Company, Hitachi, Toshiba and Mitsubishi Source: A. Takeuchi, Y. Niwa, M. Nakane, T. Miura, "Performance Evaluation of the Online Transient Stability Control System (On-line TSC System) ", IEEE, 2006 K. Anzai, H. Ito, M. Yatsu, Y. Hara, H. Horii, "Development of New SPS with Online DSA Function and Its Verification Technique Using RTDS ", PSCC, August, 2011 Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 6

8 Configuration of On-line TSC EMS/ SCADA Calculation (every 30s) Pre-Processing State estimation for on-line data Transient stability calculation for contingencies Selection of shedding generator based on its acceleration Fault Protective relay for bus fault or line fault Fault Report Preset data (generators to be shed vs. a fault) Emergency Control (within 150ms) Protective relay for generator (functions as failsafe relay) Trip signal to generator main CB Generator shedding DB (Impedance, SV/TM position etc. ) is converted for maintenance. X 1 X 14 X 44 TSC-P TSC-C TSC-T Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 7

9 On-line TSC covers bulk transmission areas Maximum demand of CEPCO: 28 GW 500kV double-circuit Line 275kV double-circuit Line Line monitored by on-line TSC system Substation Switching Station Power Station Frequency Converter Station TSC-P (Parent) : 1 TSC-C(Child): 14 TSC-T(Terminal): 44 Kansai EPCO Seibu Power Source System Tobu Power Source System BTB Trunk Power System Tokyo EPCO Tokyo EPCO Pacific Ocean Shin-mikawa Power Source System 0 SCALE OF MILES 100 Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 8

10 Actual Result of Increased TTC Power Flow (MW) 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, TTC after on-line TSC applied Actual Power Flow Increase of TTC of the transmission lines for high efficiency combined cycle generators gives CEPCO 800k$ benefit a day. TTC before on-line TSC applied Time (hour) Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 9

11 Correlation between the Line Flow and the Required Generation Shedding Amount Amount of Generation Shedding (MW) Since the required shedding amount changes greatly, on-line transient simulation is indispensable to keep the stability Power Flow (MW) Assumed fault: 3-phase 4-line-to-ground fault on 275kV double circuit transmission line with fast reclosing at 400 ms on a circuit 1100MW Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 10

12 STATCOM ISC(Integrated Stability Control ) System Transient stability Voltage control Frequency control ISC-P Note ISC-P ISC-C ISC-T 500kV transmission line 275kV transmission line ISC-Parent equipment ISC-Child equipment ISC-Terminal equipment 500kV bulk power system ISC-T ISC-T Pre-calculation results Control outputs Large-scale thermal power plant 2380MW (595MW*4units) First unit to be operated in July, 2012 ISC-C G ISC-T ISC-T ISC-T ISC-T about 300km ISC-T ISC-T STATCOM 450MVA (150MVA*3systems) Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 11

13 Voltage control after generator shedding [p.u.] Generator shedding Generator shedding in order to maintain transient stability Fault Voltage rise Voltage drop Generator shedding and switching control of reactive power sources [p.u.] Generator shedding and switching control of reactive power sources in order to maintain transient stability and restrain oscillation Voltage rise and drop Fault restrained [s] [s] Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 12

14 Increased TTC by ISC & STATCOM 2400MW Current capacity of transmission line 2000MW Steady-state stability limit 1100MW Transient stability limit TTC TTC Enhancement of TTC almost double <No measure> <ISC> <ISC & STATCOM> This system began its operation in May 2012, corresponding with the start of operation of a large-scale thermal power plant. Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved. 13

Future Issue: DERs affect transient stability and voltage stability Voltage 3 cycles G1 500kV Fault Main Grid Load PL PV Output Fault Fault Clear Case A Case A Case B Rotor angles of G1, G2,G3 Case B

15 Future Issue: DERs affect transient stability and voltage stability Voltage 3 cycles G1 500kV Fault Main Grid Load PL PV Output Fault Fault Clear Case A Case A Case B Rotor angles of G1, G2,G3 Case B Time(s) 230kV Difference of DER dynamics upon a fault may affect the transient stability of generators. Maximum swing of rotor angles changes (1 st peak,1 st bottom, 2 nd peak and 2 nd bottom). Load PL Tr 20kV PV WT 0 5 (S) PV, WT and load PL dynamics should be monitored and analyzed on-line. 14 Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved.

16 Challenges to Next-generation SIPS Online simulation technology + Synchrophasor data use (Pre-event detailed analysis) (Pre-event & Post-event controls) Transient Stability Rotor angle Voltage Stability V Small Signal Stability Frequency 0 5 (S) P (S) Intermittent output of Renewable Energy Off-line SIPS Static Parameter Setting (Conventional technology) Calculate parameter of protective relay off-line On-line SIPS Dynamic Parameter Setting (Emerging technology) Calculate parameter of protective relay on-line Synchrophasor (Emerging technology) Set parameters manually at sites Periodical download of parameters PDC Protective relays Protective relays : Phasor Measurement Unit, PDC: Phasor Data Concentrator Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved.

Next-generation SIPS by IT & FACTS technologies Preventing large-scale power blackout More

ASPS(Adjustable-Speed Pumped-Storage system) (100s MW) Countermeasure downloading

simulations STATCOM (10s-100s MVar) 変換用変圧器変換器建屋 Substation Central control unit Substation

plant Stabilizing command Solar power plant Transmission Network Distribution substation

17 Next-generation SIPS by IT & FACTS technologies Preventing large-scale power blackout More reliable and more flexible network operation available Wind farm Substation ASPS(Adjustable-Speed Pumped-Storage system) (100s MW) Countermeasure downloading (Periodically) Central Simulation Server PDC Real-time monitoring of data PDC Dynamics simulations STATCOM (10s-100s MVar) 変換用変圧器変換器建屋 Substation Central control unit Substation Battery Storage (10s MW) Rotor angle V 0 5 (S) P Decides countermeasures Thermal power plant Stabilizing command Solar power plant Transmission Network Distribution substation Distribution Network : Phasor Measurement Unit, PDC: Phasor Data Concentrator Copy Right Hitachi, Ltd All rights reserved.

FACTS and HVDC for Grid Connection of Large Wind Farms

David Larsson Power-Gen Europe 2005 Milan, Italy FACTS and HVDC for Grid Connection of Large Wind Farms www.abb.com/facts FACTS Agenda Wind Generators Response to Grid Faults PICTURE JPG-FORMAT WEB OPTIMIZED