Goals of this Lecture Activity Diagram Example

Transcription

1 Goals of this Lecture Activity Diagram Example Object-Orieted Aalysis ad Desig - Fall 998 Preset a example activity diagram Ð Relate to requiremets, use cases, ad class diagrams Also, respod to a questio posed last week Ð A survey of OOA&D Methods Survey of OOA&D Methods Detailed comparisos The Booch Method The Coad ad Yourdo Method The Jacobso Method The Rambaugh Method The Wirfs-Brock Method Geeralizatio Ð Take from ÒSE: A PractitioerÕs approach, 4th ed.ó by Roger S. Pressma, McGraw-Hill, 997 What follows is a bareboes descriptio of each method, detailed comparisos ca be foud i: Ð Graham, I. Object-Orieted Methods, Addiso-Wesley, 994 Ð ÒA compariso of Object-Orieted Developmet MethodologiesÓ by Edward Berard (See

2 The Booch Method Booch, cotiued Idetify classes ad objects Idetify relatioships amog classes ad objects Ð Propose cadidate objects Ð Coduct behavior aalysis Ð Idetify relevat scearios Ð Defie attributes ad operatios for each class Idetify the sematics of classes ad objects Ð Select scearios ad aalyze Ð Assig resposibility to achieve desired behavior Ð Partitio resposibilities to balace behavior Ð Select a object ad eumerate its roles ad resposibilities Ð Defie operatios to satisfy the resposibilities Ð Defie depedecies that exist betwee objects Ð Describe the role of each participatig object Ð Validate by walkig through scearios Coduct a series of refiemets Ð Produce appropriate diagrams for the work coducted above Ð Defie class hierarchies as appropriate Ð Perform clusterig based o class commoality Implemet classes ad objects Ð I aalysis ad desig, this meas specify everythig! Coad ad Yourdo Method The Jacobso Method Ofte viewed as the easiest method to lear Ð Idetify objects usig Òwhat to look foró criteria Ð Defie a geeralizatio-specificatio structure Ð Defie a whole-part structure Ð Idetify subjects (subsystem compoets) Ð Defie attributes Ð Defie services Coad, P. ad E. Yourdo, Object-Orieted Aalysis, 2d ed., Pretice-Hall, 99 Object-Orieted Software Egieerig Ð Primarily distiguished by the use-case Ð Simplified model of Objectory Ð So, Objectory is JacobsoÕs curret method Ð For more iformatio o this Objectory precursor, see Jacobso, I., Object-Orieted Software Egieerig, Addiso-Wesley, 992.

3 Jacobso, cotiued Jacobso, cotiued Idetify the users of the system ad their overall resposibilities Build a requiremets model Ð Defie the actors ad their resposibilities Ð Idetify use cases for each actor Ð Prepare iitial view of system objects ad relatioships Ð Review model usig use cases as scearios to determie validity Build aalysis model Ð Idetify iterface objects usig actor-iteractio iformatio Ð Create structural views of iterface objects Ð Represet object behavior Ð Isolate subsystems ad models for each Ð Review the model usig use cases as scearios to determie validity Cotiued o ext slide The Rambaugh Method Rambaugh, cotiued Object Modelig Techique (OMT) Develop a statemet of scope for the problem Ð Rambaugh, J. et al., Object-Orieted Modelig ad Desig, Pretice-Hall, 99 Aalysis activity creates three models Ð Object model Objects, classes, hierarchies, ad relatioships Ð Dyamic model object ad system behavior Ð Fuctioal model High-level Data-Flow Diagram Build a object model Ð Idetify classes that are relevat for the problem Ð Defie attributes ad associatios Ð Defie object liks Ð Orgaize object classes usig iheritace Develop a dyamic model Ð Prepare scearios Ð Defie evets ad develop a evet trace for each sceario Ð Costruct a evet flow diagram ad a state diagram Ð Review behavior for cosistecy ad completeess

4 Rambaugh, cotiued The Wirfs-Brock Method Costruct a fuctioal model for the system Ð Idetify iputs ad outputs Ð Use data flow diagrams to represet flow trasformatios Ð Develop a processig specificatio for each process i the DFD Ð Specify costraits ad optimizatio criteria Iterate! Wirfs-Brock, R., B. Wilkerso, ad L. Weier, Desigig Object-0rieted Software, Pretice-Hall, 990 Ð Evaluate the customer specificatio Ð Use a grammatical parse to extract cadidate classes Ð Group classes i a attempt to idetify superclasses Ð Defie ad assig resposibilities for each class Ð Idetify relatioships betwee classes Ð Defie collaboratio betwee classes Ð Build hierarchical represetatios of classes Ð Costruct a collaboratio graph for the system I geeral... Now to the example Obtai customer requiremets for the OO System Ð Idetify scearios or use cases Ð Build a requiremets model Select classes ad objects usig basic requiremets Idetify attributes ad operatios for each object Defie structures ad hierarchies that orgaize classes Build a object-relatioship model Build a object-behavior model Review the OO aalysis model agaist use cases Chimera will be our example domai Start with some requiremets Idetify use cases Costruct a class diagram Costruct a activity diagram

5 Requiremets The Chimera Server will allow users to create liks ad activate them A Chimera viewer will allow a user to create achors, add them to the active lik, ad traverse liks associated with them Actors Chimera Server Ed-User Chimera Viewer Chimera Server-Ed User Chimera Viewer-Ed User Display Liks «uses» Activate Lik Display Achors Chimera Server Select Lik «uses» Create Lik Ed User Chimera Viewer Add Achor «uses» Select Achor «uses» Ed User Traverse Liks

6 Example Use Cases Use Cases cotiued Activate Lik Precoditios: Hypermedia Cotext active, No lik active Postcoditios: Active Lik exists Primary Actor: Ed-User Secodary Actor: Chimera Server Display Liks Select Lik Select Lik Precoditios: Liks displayed No selected lik Postcoditios Lik selected Primary Actor: Ed-User Scroll through list of lik ames Click o lik ame Select Achor Precoditios: Achors displayed Postcoditios Achor selected Primary Actor: Ed-User Secodary Actor: Viewer Scroll through view Click o achor Add Achor Precoditios: Active Lik exists Selected Achor exists Postcoditios Achor added to active lik Primary Actor: Chimera Server Secodary Actor: Ed-User Ivoke Add Operatio (GUI) Perform Add Operatio (CS) Domai Elemets (Oe Possible) Class Diagram Achor Lik Active Lik Selected Achor User-Iterface List of Liks Lik ame addachor getliks Achor selectio List of Liks selectio Add Remove Chimera Server User-Iterface Chimera Viewer User-Iterface

7 Iitial Activity Diagram Activity Diagram Cotiued Specify Website Coect To Website Logi Activate Lik Add Achor Lauch Chimera Server Specify Hyperweb Logi to Hyperweb Display Liks Assig Resposibilities A extesio to the class diagram Lauch Chimera Server Server Coect To Website Specify Website Logi to Hyperweb Specify Hyperweb Display Liks User Lik ame addachor getliks Achor selectio List of Liks selectio Add Remove Chimera Viewer User-Iterface Chimera Server User-Iterface Chimera Server Query A query is used to get the liks that are displayed by the user-iterface

8 Commets o Swimlaes Commets o Example Swimlaes are vertical or horizotal lies that partitio the activity diagram Swimlaes associate activities with actors (ad therefore use cases) Class diagrams ca the be associated with activities ad thus be related to use cases ad actors as well A fully decomposed activity diagram will result i complete coverage of the iitially defied use cases I tur, this addresses the iitial requiremets Activity diagrams will brig up issues that previously could be igored (such as loggig ito a hyperweb)