Lecture 1 Introduction To 3410

Transcription

1 Lecture 1 Introduction To 3410

2 What Is Systems Programming? Course that... Introduces students to many concepts underlying all computer systems Ties together the basic concepts from transistors though software development

3 What Is Systems Programming? Wikipedia Says: The primary distinguishing characteristic of systems programming when compared to application programming is that application programming aims to produce software which provides services to the user (e.g. word processor), whereas systems programming aims to produce software which provides services to the computer hardware. It requires a greater degree of hardware awareness. In system programming, often limited programming facilities are available. The use of automatic garbage collection is not common and debugging is sometimes hard to do. The runtime library, if available at all, is usually far less powerful, and does less error checking.

4 Where hardware and software meet

5 Systems Programming "Requires a greater degree of hardware awareness" Thats Embedded Systems programming. Sort of.

6 What is an Embedded System?

7 The future lies in designing and selling computers that people don't realize are computers at all. - Adam Osborne

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9 Can you think of an example of that?

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11 ... Embedded systems Embedded computing systems Computing systems embedded within appliances Hard to define. Nearly any computing system other than a dedicated computer. Billions of units produced yearly, versus millions of desktop units Perhaps 50+ per household and per automobile. Lots more of these, though they cost a lot less each.

12 A short list of some Anti-lock brakes Auto-focus cameras Automatic teller machines Automatic toll systems Automatic transmission Avionic systems Battery chargers Camcorders Calculators Cell phones Cell-phone base stations Cordless phones Cruise control Curbside check-in systems Digital cameras Disk drives Electronic card readers Electronic instruments Electronic toys/games Factory control Fax machines Furbies Fingerprint identifiers Greeting Cards Home security systems Home Automation Life-support systems Medical testing systems Modems MPEG decoders Network cards Network switches/routers On-board navigation Pagers Photocopiers Point-of-sale systems Portable video games Printers Satellite phones Scanners Smart ovens/dishwashers Speech recognizers Stereo systems Spacecraft Satellites Teleconferencing systems Televisions Telephones Temperature controllers Theft tracking systems TV set-top boxes VCR s, DVD players Vending Machines Video game consoles Video phones Washers and dryers

13 Here's one example

14 Here's one example

15 Some common characteristics of systems programming Typically a single function Tightly-constrained (not general purpose) Executes a single program Low cost, low power, small, fast, etc. Reactive and real-time Continually reacts to changes in the system s environment Must compute certain results in real time (without apparent delay).

16 Design challenges in Systems Programming Obvious design goal: Key design challenge: Construct an implementation with desired functionality. Simultaneously optimize numerous design metrics (goals, constraints) Design metric A measurable feature of a system s implementation. A design requirement. Optimizing design metrics is a key challenge.

17 Design challenge: optimizing design metrics Unit cost Non-Recurring Engineering cost Physical size Memory Space Performance, Response Power consumption Flexibility, Upgradability Can you think of any?

18 ... optimizing metrics Time-to-market Maintainability, Reliability Correctness, Testability, Debugability Upgradeability Safety Security Many more...

19 Embedded Systems Many Embedded Systems are built with 8bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit microcontrollers 32-bit ARM microcontroller inside!

20 What is the difference between a Microprocessor and a Microcontroller?

21 Microprocessor CPU that is generally concerned with efficient processing (computing) and data management. Microcontroller CPU that is generally concerned with efficient control of input and output devices

22 About how many microcontrollers do you think are inside a typical personal computer?

23 Microcontrollers in a PC Keyboard Mouse Southbridge processor (IO Processor) Graphics processor (or several) Disk drive (harddisk, floppy, CD/DVD, SSD) Network Interface Monitor USB controller(s) USB Hub Reset controller Thermal management

24 Systems Programming For this class we will use the Zilog Zneo 16-bit microcontroller for labs and projects.

25 Systems Programming Tompkins 211 Tuesdays 5:00-6:00 Office hours 6:10-8:40 = Class

26 Tompkins 211 Room Combo: Available most of the time Room schedule on the door Secure the room when you leave

27 About me Dan Eisenreich Twitter:rhu6ar6 CSCI 4415 Embedded Systems CSCI 4237 Software Design for Handheld Devices 25+ years US DoD: Microelectronics, Embedded Systems, Equipment Automation, Machine Control, Virtual Machines, Software development (Forth, Modula II, Pascal, Perl, Ada, Java, J2ME, C, Ruby, Python,...)

28 Course Objectives Combined academic learning and hands-on projects that involve understanding hardware and low level software development Engage computer science students in learning hardware, embedded systems, and system level programming Learn the details of Systems programing including design for test, debugging, understanding development tools.

29 Class Topics This is NOT a hardware design class But we need to understand enough hardware that we can write software to control it Rough class outline for the semester Basic Electronics General Purpose IO Interrupts, Polling Memory Registers The Z16 Microcontroller

30 ... Class Topics Assembly language Debugging techniques C (specific to low-level systems) Timers Serial Interfaces (UART, I2C, SPI, IrDA) Analog IO Controlling devices Building things Operating Systems Development tools

31 Course Prerequisites CSCI 2461 Computer Architecture I Number representation, computer arithmetic, digital logic gates, latches, registers,... CSci Software Engineering Basics of C programming

32 Computer Architecture Review CSci 2461 Computer Architecture I

33 Software Engineering Review CSci 2113 Software Engineering php/teaching:f2011:cs2113:home

34 The Textbooks Embedded Systems James K Peckol Practical C Programming Steve Oualline

35 Downloads Download from the Class files page or from the Zilog Zneo web page: 1. Zilog UM197 (ZNEO Z16F Series Flash Microcontroller Contest Kit User Manual) 2. Zilog UM171 (Zilog Developer Studio II ZNEO User Manual) 3. Zilog PS220 (ZNEO Z16F Series Product Specification) 4. Zilog UM188 (ZNEO CPU Core User Manual) We will use all 4 of these A LOT!

36 A Good Reference Practical Electronics For Inventors, Paul Scherz Not required. Helpful IF you are interested in this. 3rd Edition in Early February

37 Your Work Honesty Integrity No group work Collaborating OK, Discussing OK I expect you to do your own labs, exercises, projects. School Policies

38 Grading Midterm Final Labs Exercises Final Project 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% * Best 4 of 5

39 Tests Mid Term (just after spring break, so you have time to catch up on your reading) Final (during finals week) Will have review session during class before exams.

40 Labs, Exercises Will be assigned during the course. Reinforce the information covered during the class discussions and prepare you to work on the project Labs = develop program for ZNEO microcontroller. Exercises = Think, answer questions.

41 Final Project The whole class will build essentially the same thing, which includes: The Z16 developer kit WiFi wireless communications board A real time clock One input device/sensor One output device/display/actuator.

42 Final Project I will assign the sensor/display randomly to each student. The project assignment will be for each student (independantly) to assemble the components (simple wiring with instructions and supported by the exercises and labs) and write a program that read data from the input device and the real-time clock, format the data appropriately, and sends the data to the output device.

43 Final Project The students program will also need to publish the sensor data to either cosm.com or sen.se, the real time clock will provide time stamp data. In essence, the project will be building a collection of nodes on the Internet-ofThings.

44 Final Project The project will be a practical implementation of all of the topics in the class from software design, hardware interfacing, embedded systems, debugging, and basic networking. I An in class demo of the project will give an opportunity for the students to show their work to the rest of the class and learn from each others.

45 Final Project WiFi Radio Input Device ZNEO Real Time Clock Output Device

46 Final Project Strategy for completing final project Start early, start now Don't put off until the last week Verify hardware early Include design for test/debug Ask questions and resolve problems Start early

47 Final Project Use the Z16 embedded systems platform Expect to spend 40 hours Remember the in-class demonstration on the last day of classes. So make it portable Plan ahead All lab hardware and borrowed components must be turned in at the end of the demo on the last night of class.

48 Grading Midterm Final Labs Exercises Final Project 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% This is a hands-on programming Class!

49 Grading A A B B B C C C D F 0-64

50 Due Dates All labs, projects, presentations are due by midnight of the due date The one exception being the final project which is due for demo in the final class (week 14). After that your work will be late and you may lose points, the later it is the more you lose.

51 2013 Calendar January 15 January 22 January 29 February 05 February 12 February 19 February 26 March 05 Spring Break. March March March April April April April 23 (Demo) Final. May 07 <--?

52 Course Syllabus Web page Includes EVERYTHING (or it will soon): Class syllabus Lab assignments Project information Links to reference material Dates for various things. Will be updated regularly

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54 Computer Accounts in 211 Dell's are dual boot Linux/Windows Windows user: CSCI 3410 (password = username, lowercase, including spaces) PCs (2): embedded, no passwd Clear your private data when you are done!

55 TA

56 Help with Labs, Project Office Hours By Appointment

57 Course Survival Strategies Read and understand course material Keep up with reading Do all required work (labs, exercises, project) Ask questions when you do not understand Get to know your classmates and exchange contact information

58 About you Name Preferred name address Contact number What is your knowledge in: C, Assembly (which processor) Electronics (transistors, logic gates, etc)

59 Focus in Systems Programming is on: Low Level programming Understanding Hardware Understanding development tools Developing software to control hardware Software development at lowest level (assembly, C)

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