EECS 388 Embedded Systems Introduction. Gary J. Minden January 22, 2013

Transcription

1 EECS 388 Embedded Systems Introduction Gary J. Minden January 22,

2 Embedded Systems 2

3 Embedded Systems -- Automobiles the modern car is a computer on wheels, but it s more like 30 or more computers on wheels, said Bruce Emaus, SAE up to 100 million lines of computer code NYTimes 2/4/10 Mercedes-Benz S-class 50 embedded controllers 600K lines of code 100 s of messages, thousands of signals 3 networks Transmission control, ABS, Airbags, Radio, Information Center, GPS,... Information Security == Safety 3

4 Embedded Systems -- Apple 1Q12 4,000,000 units 7,700,000 units 11,800,000 units 35,100,000 units 4

5 What s Different Real-Time Sensors have to be measured on a periodic basis Tasks (programs) have to complete by a deadline Actions must take place at a specific time (spark-plugs) Interfaces to multiple sensors Time! Physical!! Safety!!!! Long life spans, 10+ years Difficult maintenance, pacemakers Low-energy consumption 5

6 Today s SmartPhone Sensors Processing/ Memory/ Peripherals Actuators Touch Screen Keyboard/Buttons Microphone(s) Camera Accelerometer Gyroscope GPS Compass Light sensor Proximity sensor Cell network WiFi network Bluetooth network CPU(s) Read-only memory Flash memory Random-access memory SD memory USB interface Analog/Digital Conv. Digital/Analog Conv. Timers Serial buses Parallel buses Pulse-width Mod. System Control Power mangement Display Speakers Vibrator Audio Line-out Flash Cell network WiFi network Bluetooth network 6

7 EECS 388 Topics Basic hardware configuration of a micro-controller system Programming an ARM micro-controller using C and assembly language Introduction to the architecture of a microprocessor and comparison with that of a micro-controller Interfacing and controlling external devices using a microcontroller Design of parallel input/output subsystems Digital-to-Analog and Analog-to-Digital Converters Stack usage for subroutine calls Interrupt processing and polling Bus concepts and modes of operations 7

8 EECS 388 Approach Top-down approach We will start with C program examples on a simple evaluation board We will expand those examples throughout the semester We will delve into assembly language and processor architecture Understand components Hardware components: Timers, ADC, PWM, Serial buses Software components: DriverLib, Tasks Understand interfaces between components Format of messages between components Sequence of messages between components Applies to hardware/software to/from software/hardware 8

9 EECS 388 Expectations You are professional engineers I expect you to behave in this class as you would for your first employer Be on time, delve into the presentations and documentation,... Produce quality work Remember what came before: EECS 140 and EECS 168 And, most import, Ask Questions!!! Bits There is a lot of data and information for this course Several manuals and the text run to 100 s of pages My job is to guide you through this information Techniques to approach the next, best embedded processor Techniques to understand new components and interfaces 9

10 EECS 388 Expectations All information will not be presented All information to solve a problem will not be presented in class Seek the information you need to solve the problem Ask Questions!!! Some exam questions will ask you to apply techniques in class... can you apply what you have learned to new problems? Some homework and exam questions will be inverse problems For example, if we discuss in class an equation of the form: N = TMClk * (A * B * C) where you are given the right-hand values and asked to compute N, on an exam I may give you N and some of the right-hand values and ask you to compute the remaining value(s). Sometimes, there will be multiple correct answers. 10

11 EECS 388 Expectations Lecture is a discussion I ll ask questions You ll ask questions We ll talk I might lead you down a thought process Where do I begin? With a statement of, I understand... And, a question, How does X... work? We have to connect our technology to society Impact of technology on society Benefit of technology on society 11

12 ARM Architecture In 2008 ARM processors are in 98% of SmartPhones, including the A4 and A5 in the iphone and ipad LONDON Up to a million ARM processor cores are going to be linked together to simulate the workings of the human brain in a research project in the U.K. Chips, designed at Manchester University and manufactured in Taiwan, form the building blocks for a massively parallel computer called SpiNNaker (Spiking Neural Network architecture). EETimes, 7/14/2011 SAN JOSE Driven by the growth of mobile devices, merchant CPU cores shipped in more than 10 billion chips last year, up 25 percent over 2010, according to a new report. ARM Ltd. commanded 78 percent of that market... said the report from the Linley Group (Mountain View, Calif.) EETimes, 7/14/