Textures. Textures. Lesson 9

Transcription

1 Lesson 9 Textures In this lesson we are going to analyze the use of textures. You will look at two specific examples of material, for which the use of textures is essential to obtain a correct result: fabric and leather. You will then learn how to control UV mapping of a texture. Learning solidthinking 1

2 Lesson 9 Creating a reference object 1) If you are already working with solidthinking, choose the New command from the File main menu and save the scene you were working on. Otherwise, you must first run solidthinking. 2) Choose the default layout option from the Layouts panel (choose View 4 Layouts). 3) Turn on the Snap to Grid #2 using Edit 4 Active Snaps 4 Grid #2. 4) Select the NURBS curve tool and create a curve in the Front view. Use the image below for reference guide. Press Spacebar to end. 2 Learning solidthinking

3 Points coordinates are: #1(-12, 0, 6.5); #2(-9.2, 0, 7); #3(-7.8, 0, 3.8); #4(-5.1, 0, -0.6); #5(-1, 0, -0.5); #6(0.2, 0, 4.6); #7(3.6, 0, 8); #8(7.9, 0, 8.5); #9(8.4, 0, 6.5). 5) Select the Nurbs curve you have just created followed by the Edit 4 Copy command. 6) Use the command Edit 4 Paste to create a new copy of the curve in the Top View and move the copy upward as in the following figure. Learning solidthinking 3

4 Lesson 9 7) With this curve still selected, switch to Edit Mode and modify its points until you obtain a curve similar to the one below. The exact sets of points values are also provided. Points coordinates are: #1(-12, 0, 6.5); #2(-9.2, 0, 7); #3(-7.8, 0, 3.8); #4(-6, 0, 10); #5(-2, 0, 11); #6(0.2, 0, 4.6); #7(4, 0, 2); #8(7.9, 0, 8.5); #9(8.4, 0, 6.5) 4 Learning solidthinking

5 8) In the Top view, select a point (Point #5) halfway through this curve and move it upwards to direction Y. New Point #5 coords are: (-2, 4, 11). 9) Switch back to Object Mode to move objects and no longer points. 10) Select Tools 4 Surfaces 4 Skin followed by the first and second curve, respectively. You will so obtain your surface on which you will apply the shader materials described below. Press Spacebar to end. Learning solidthinking 5

6 Lesson 9 11) Save now your scene using the File 4 Save command and name it Texture. It will be used later. How to create a material 1) Select the surface previously created (or use File 4 Open and load the Texture.st scene) and open the Shading Attributes window, through Managers 4 Shading panel. 2) From the Surface file, right click the Color menu and, from the following list, choose the Wrapped Image shader. 3) Press the Browse button found within the shader parameters, and once opened the \solidthinking\texture folder, choose the fabric2.jpg file. 4) In the Perspective View, press the T icon on the titlebar to visualize the textured object. 6 Learning solidthinking

7 5) And again, in Shading and within the Surface file, right click Reflectance and select the Matte shader from the list. 6) Right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Displacement in the Shading panel and pick the Wrapped Bump Map shader from the list. In this latter menu, select the browser and, once opened the \solidthinking\texture folder, choose fabric2.jpg file. Learning solidthinking 7

8 Lesson 9 7) Right click Texture space and select the UV shader from the list. In this first exercise, we have used the UV mapping technique, which is the most convenient approach as far as concerning material. The below illustration presents the final result in the Perspective View. 8 Learning solidthinking

9 How to create a leather material Normally, leather presents a low capacity to reflect light when compared to regular material. Leather can be created both through photographic and procedural textures. We will now evaluate both techniques. Creating leather through procedural textures 1) Open the scene Texture.st using the File 4 Open command. 2) Select the surface you have created in your first exercise and open the Shading panel. 3) Within the Surface tab, right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Color, and pick the Plain shader from the list that follows. In the Parameters column, press Choose and assign a color with the subsequent RGB parameters: 45, 25, 25. Learning solidthinking 9

10 Lesson 9 4) Right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Reflectance and select the Phong shader from the list. 5) Right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Displacement menu, choose the Rough shader from the list and set these coordinates: Scale = 1; Amplitude = 0.01; Detail = 7; Sharpness = Learning solidthinking

11 Note: this type of texture is applied to an object in 3d mapping so as to attain perfect and uniform texturing regardless of the surface. 6) Deselect all objects in the scene through Selection 4 None and open the Shading panel. 7) Select the Image folder, right click Background and choose the Plain shader from the list. 8) In the Parameters section, press Choose and assign a color with the subsequent RGB parameters: 255, 255, 255 (pure white). Learning solidthinking 11

12 Lesson 9 9) Activate the Perspective View and perform a rendering test of the leather object. Creating leather through photographic texture 1) Open the scene Texture.st using the File 4 Open command. 2) Select the surface you have created in your first exercise and open the Shading panel via Managers 4 Shading. 3) In the Surface tab, right click Color and pick the Wrapped Image shader from the list. 12 Learning solidthinking

13 4) Press the Browse button from the shader parameters and, once opened the \solidthinking\texture file, choose Leather_01.jpg. 5) Right click Texture space and select the UV shader from the list. 6) In the Perspective View, press the T button that you will find in the upper right side of the window. 7) Again, in the Shading panel and within the Surface tab, right click Reflectance and select the Phong shader from the list. Learning solidthinking 13

14 Lesson 9 8) Right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Displacement and pick the Wrapped Bump Map shader from the list. In this latter menu, select the browser button and, once opened the \solidthinking\texture file, choose Leather_01.jpg. 9) Set the Amplitude of the Displacement shader to ) Activate the Perspective View and start rendering. 14 Learning solidthinking

15 Creating a wooden object 1) If you are already working with solidthinking, choose the New command from the File main menu and save the scene you were working on. Otherwise, you must first run solidthinking. 2) Click the Top View and create a Sphere: Local Axes Origin = 0, 0, 0; Radius = 7. 3) Save your scene using the File 4 Save command and call it Reference. You will later retrieve it for additional exercises. 4) Open Reference.st using the File 4 Open command: select the Sphere and open the Shading panel through Managers 4 Shading. 5) In Surface tab, right click Color and pick the Wrapped Image shader from the list. Learning solidthinking 15

16 Lesson 9 6) Press the Browse button within the shader parameters and, once opened the \solidthinking\texture file, choose L-anigre.jpg. 7) Right click Texture space and select the UV shader from the list. 16 Learning solidthinking

17 8) In the Perspective View, press the T button to activate realtime OpenGL texturing. 9) Render the Perspective View. 10) Again, in the Shading window and within the Surface tab, right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Reflectance and choose the subsequent Phong shader. Learning solidthinking 17

18 Lesson 9 11) Render the Perspective View again to visualize the final outcome. 18 Learning solidthinking

19 UV Mapping 1) If you are already working with solidthinking, choose the New command from the File main menu and save the scene you were working on. Otherwise, you must first run solidthinking. 2) Click the Top view and activate the Plane icon. Use the following values: Local Axes Origin = 0, 0, 0 and Opposite Vertex = 10, 12. 3) Select the Plane and open the Shading Attributes panel either through the Managers 4 Shading command. 4) From the Surface tab, right click ( Apple + mouse button on the Mac) Color and select the Wrapped Image shader from the list. 5) Click Browse, open the \solidthinking\textures folder and select the file _Monalis.tif. Learning solidthinking 19

20 Lesson 9 6) Select the Perspective View, click Zoom selected all and run a first rendering trial. Note: as you can see just above, the image has been mapped onto the whole surface as if it were a tiled floor. But this is not the result we want to obtain. 20 Learning solidthinking

21 7) In the Shading panel, right click Texture Space and select the UV shader from the pop-up menu. 8) Select the Perspective View and run a rendering. Here is the final pattern. We encourage you to repeat these exercises a few more times or, at least, until you will feel more confortable with the concepts and commands explained up this point. Learning solidthinking 21