SURVEY RECORDS Berbera Hergeisa Tug Wajale Road SOMALILAND

Transcription

1 SURVEY RECORDS Berbera Hergeisa Tug Wajale Road SOMALILAND August 2013

2 GPS SURVEYS for AFRICA Satellite Surveys, Aerial Mapping, GIS VAT No Clifton Villas, Outeniqua Avenue, QUELLERINA, Tel. (0027) , P. O. Box 742, Florida Hills, 1716 Cell phone : , gps-africa.co.za gps-africa.co.za S U R V E Y R E P O R T GROUND CONTROL SURVEYS - BERBERA-HERGEISA ROAD, SOMALILAND The surveys system is UTM 38 North, WGS84 Datum, Geoid Model: Global 2008 Equipment used: Trimble R4 GPS receivers working in static mode. A. SURVEYS SYSTEM VERIFICATION. The co-ordinate system chosen for this surveys is based on WGS84 datum. It is a modern system, suitable to be incorporated with all international databases and Internet applications. The further advantage of this approach is that the network can be re-constructed even if all beacons on site are damaged or destroyed, by applying identical survey routines. The co-ordinates are calculated from World GPS Reference Stations using PPP (precise point positioning) technic. First evaluation was delivered by the Australian Geoscience Institute, the second evaluation from Canadian Spacial Reference Systems. A very good agreements between the above sources was found: 3,4 millilitres for Y,X and m in Z. B. SITE BEACONS Thirty five beacons were placed along the road in safe positions and in the manner illustrated on the sketch (page 04). Static observation for minutes at 5 second intervals were recorded at every beacon. The baselines between consecutive beacons were recorded for 30 minutes. Stations GPS 6, 13, 20, 26 and 31 were observed twice, being the last station of the day and a starting station the following day, dividing the route into six sections. These points were then evaluated by Auspos and CSRS and the mean value was accepted creating fixed points for the adjustments of all six road sections. Anylizing the results in all six sections, we found the differences between adjusted co-ordinates and Auspos co-ordinates to be between m. It is a very good comparison and also the perfect way to eliminate any possible errors and blunders in the system. Adjusted co-ordinates are accepted as final, see the list at page 05 and 06.

3 C. DETAIL SURVEYS (ANNOTATIONS) We driven the route four times when positioning GPS receivers and observed the details along the road. No power lines crossing the route were found. We offered to detail survey big bridge(s) but only culverts, sometimes double, triple and even quadruple were found. These are simple structures and no survey was required. Furthermore, we were informed that road engineers were working on this subject and had collected photographs and measurements. We did photograph the biggest culverts and measured the sizes. It will not be presented in this report but can be forwarded if required. D. SOFTWARE USED Trimble Business Centre, Pythagoras and Surpac. August 2013 Adam Paszkiewicz

4 BERBERA - HERGEISA - TUG WAJAKLE ROAD AIRPORT HARBOUR GPS 35 GPS 34 GPS 36 GPS 33 GPS 32 GPS 31 GPS 30 GPS 29 GPS 28 GPS 27 GPS 26 GPS 25 GPS 23 GPS 24 GPS 22 GPS 21 GPS 20 GPS 19 GPS 4 GPS 5 GPS 6 GPS 7 GPS 8 GPS 9 GPS 17 GPS 18 ETHIOPIAN BORDER GPS 1 GPS 2 GPS 3 GPS 10 GPS 11 GPS 13 GPS 16 GPS 12 GPS 14 GPS 15 HERGEISA TOWN

5 BERBERA - HERGEISA - TUG WAJALE ROAD BEACONS UTM 38 North WGS84 Global2008 Geoid GPS P16 GPS1Z Auspos GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS6Z Auspos GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16ROCK GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS13Z Auspos GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS20Z Auspos GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS26Z Auspos GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16ROCK GPS P16 GPS31Z Auspos GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16 GPS P16STONES GPS35Z Auspos GPS P16

6 GPS FIELD BOOK - BERBERA-HERGEISA-TAG WAJALE ROAD Point ID Feature Code Start Time Duration Field Metho File Name Ant. Height Antenna Method Ant Manufact Ant. Type GPS1 P /08/05 09:21 01:19:00 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS2 P /08/05 10:08 01:40:10 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS3 P /08/05 11:19 01:30:55 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS4 P /08/05 12:27 01:17:35 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS5 P /08/05 13:22 01:10:20 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS6 P /08/06 07:41 01:07:25 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS6 P /08/05 14:11 01:01:35 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS7 P /08/06 08:15 01:27:10 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS8 P /08/06 09:13 01:24:25 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS9 P /08/06 10:08 01:24:55 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS10 P /08/06 11:01 01:30:45 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS11 P16ROCK 2013/08/06 12:00 01:25:40 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS12 P /08/06 12:58 01:50:05 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS13 P /08/07 06:54 01:00:55 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS13 P /08/06 14:11 01:03:00 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS14 P /08/07 09:41 00:21:05 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS14 P /08/07 06:51 02:21:50 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS15 P /08/07 09:03 01:55:00 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS16 P /08/07 10:29 01:19:40 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS17 P /08/07 11:22 01:21:05 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS18 P /08/07 12:13 01:32:25 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS19 P /08/07 13:22 01:31:40 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS20 P /08/09 07:14 01:10:15 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS20 P /08/07 14:09 01:01:15 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS21 P /08/09 07:44 00:06:20 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS21R P /08/09 07:52 01:28:00 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS22 P /08/09 08:50 01:27:05 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS23 P /08/09 09:46 01:16:25 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal

7 GPS24 P /08/09 10:43 01:06:45 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS25 P /08/09 11:27 02:03:00 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS26 P /08/10 07:52 01:01:05 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS26 P /08/09 12:17 01:01:10 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS27 P /08/10 08:13 01:33:35 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS28 P /08/10 09:18 01:26:35 Static DAT Bottom of ant mount Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS29 P /08/10 10:19 01:20:05 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS30 P16ROCK 2013/08/10 11:10 01:20:25 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS31 p /08/11 07:19 00:28:30 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS31 P /08/10 12:01 01:26:50 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS32 P /08/11 07:03 01:36:30 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS33 P /08/11 08:10 01:20:35 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS34 P /08/11 09:00 01:36:40 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal GPS35 P16STONE 2013/08/11 10:07 01:29:15 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4 Internal GPS36 P /08/11 11:05 04:10:15 Static DAT Center of bumper Trimble R4-3 Internal

8 Baseline Processing Report file:///c:/users/adam/appdata/local/temp/tbctemporal/cfvzoqjf.xk3/rpte882b4b5.html /08/19 Summary Session Details GPS2 - GPS1 (10:08:05 AM-10:40:30 AM) (S2) GPS2 - GPS3 (11:19:55 AM-11:48:15 AM) (S1) GPS3 - GPS4 (12:27:15 PM-12:50:50 PM) (S4) GPS4 - GPS5 (01:22:50 PM-01:44:50 PM) (S3) GPS5 - GPS6 (02:11:05 PM-02:33:10 PM) (S5) Project Information Name: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section1.vce Size: 226 KB Modified: 2013/08/19 08:08:57 AM (UTC:2) Time zone: South Africa Standard Time Reference number: Description: Observation From To Solution Type Baseline Processing Report Processing Summary H. Prec. Coordinate System Name: UTM Datum: WGS 1984 Zone: 38 North (45E) Geoid: GLOBAL2008_1 Vertical datum: V. Prec. Geodetic Az. Ellipsoid Dist. DHeight GPS2 --- GPS1 (B2) GPS2 GPS1 Fixed '05" GPS2 --- GPS3 (B1) GPS2 GPS3 Fixed '52" GPS3 --- GPS4 (B4) GPS3 GPS4 Fixed '25" GPS4 --- GPS5 (B3) GPS4 GPS5 Fixed '42" GPS5 --- GPS6 (B5) GPS5 GPS6 Fixed '56" Acceptance Summary Processed Passed Flag Fail Date: 2013/08/19 08:11:58 AM Project: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section1.vce Trimble Business Center

9 Baseline Processing Report file:///c:/users/adam/appdata/local/temp/tbctemporal/esuxuc1g.y0i/rpta46e5459.html /08/19 Summary Session Details GPS12 - GPS13 (02:11:30 PM-02:48:50 PM) (S7) GPS12 - GPS11 (12:58:45 PM-01:26:20 PM) (S6) GPS10 - GPS11 (12:00:40 PM-12:32:30 PM) (S5) GPS10 - GPS9 (11:01:45 AM-11:33:15 AM) (S4) GPS9 - GPS8 (10:08:20 AM-10:37:30 AM) (S3) GPS7 - GPS8 (09:13:05 AM-09:42:40 AM) (S2) GPS7 - GPS6 (08:15:30 AM-08:48:30 AM) (S1) Project Information Name: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section2.vce Size: 229 KB Modified: 2013/08/17 07:01:58 PM (UTC:2) Time zone: South Africa Standard Time Reference number: Description: Observation From To Solution Type Baseline Processing Report Processing Summary H. Prec. Acceptance Summary Coordinate System Name: UTM Datum: WGS 1984 Zone: 38 North (45E) Geoid: GLOBAL2008_1 Vertical datum: V. Prec. Geodetic Az. Ellipsoid Dist. DHeight GPS GPS13 (B7) GPS12 GPS13 Fixed '15" GPS GPS11 (B6) GPS12 GPS11 Fixed '34" GPS GPS11 (B5) GPS11 GPS10 Fixed '57" GPS GPS9 (B4) GPS10 GPS9 Fixed '39" GPS9 --- GPS8 (B3) GPS9 GPS8 Fixed '30" GPS7 --- GPS8 (B2) GPS8 GPS7 Fixed '57" GPS7 --- GPS6 (B1) GPS7 GPS6 Fixed '45" Processed Passed Flag Fail Date: 2013/08/19 08:10:03 AM Project: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section2.vce Trimble Business Center

10 Baseline Processing Report file:///c:/users/adam/appdata/local/temp/tbctemporal/i0w2atst.2jh/rpt223a6202.html /08/19 Summary Session Details GPS15 - GPS14 (09:41:00 AM-10:02:05 AM) (S2) GPS14 - GPS15 (09:03:20 AM-09:13:10 AM) (S3) GPS15 - GPS16 (10:29:15 AM-10:58:20 AM) (S4) GPS17 - GPS16 (11:22:15 AM-11:48:55 AM) (S5) GPS18 - GPS17 (12:13:35 PM-12:43:20 PM) (S6) GPS18 - GPS19 (01:22:05 PM-01:46:00 PM) (S7) GPS19 - GPS20 (02:09:50 PM-02:53:45 PM) (S8) GPS14 - GPS13 (06:54:40 AM-07:55:35 AM) (S1) Project Information Name: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section3.vce Size: 238 KB Modified: 2013/08/18 10:41:23 AM (UTC:2) Time zone: South Africa Standard Time Reference number: Description: Observation From To Solution Type Baseline Processing Report Processing Summary H. Prec. Acceptance Summary Coordinate System Name: UTM Datum: WGS 1984 Zone: 38 North (45E) Geoid: GLOBAL2008_1 Vertical datum: V. Prec. Geodetic Az. Ellipsoid Dist. DHeight GPS GPS14 (B2) GPS14 GPS15 Fixed '20" GPS GPS15 (B3) GPS14 GPS15 Fixed '20" GPS GPS16 (B4) GPS15 GPS16 Fixed '52" GPS GPS16 (B5) GPS16 GPS17 Fixed '25" GPS GPS17 (B6) GPS17 GPS18 Fixed '05" GPS GPS19 (B7) GPS18 GPS19 Fixed '54" GPS GPS20 (B8) GPS19 GPS20 Fixed '23" GPS GPS13 (B1) GPS14 GPS13 Fixed '02" Processed Passed Flag Fail

11 Baseline Processing Report file:///c:/users/adam/appdata/local/temp/tbctemporal/rsz4aaw0.4kk/rpt5f3242b3.html /08/19 Summary Session Details GPS25 - GPS26 (12:17:00 PM-01:18:10 PM) (S6) GPS25 - GPS24 (11:27:35 AM-11:50:40 AM) (S5) GPS23 - GPS24 (10:43:55 AM-11:03:20 AM) (S4) GPS22 - GPS23 (09:46:55 AM-10:17:30 AM) (S3) GPS21 - GPS22 (08:50:25 AM-09:20:45 AM) (S2) GPS21 - GPS20 (07:52:45 AM-08:25:10 AM) (S1) Project Information Name: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section4.vce Size: 295 KB Modified: 2013/08/18 10:48:04 AM (UTC:2) Time zone: South Africa Standard Time Reference number: Description: Observation From To Solution Type Baseline Processing Report Processing Summary H. Prec. Coordinate System Name: UTM Datum: WGS 1984 Zone: 38 North (45E) Geoid: GLOBAL2008_1 Vertical datum: V. Prec. Geodetic Az. Ellipsoid Dist. DHeight GPS GPS26 (B6) GPS25 GPS26 Fixed '33" GPS GPS24 (B5) GPS25 GPS24 Fixed '45" GPS GPS24 (B4) GPS24 GPS23 Fixed '12" GPS GPS23 (B3) GPS23 GPS22 Fixed '31" GPS GPS22 (B2) GPS22 GPS21 Fixed '29" GPS GPS20 (B1) GPS21 GPS20 Fixed '03" Acceptance Summary Processed Passed Flag Fail Date: 2013/08/19 08:15:17 AM Project: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section4.vce Trimble Business Center

12 Baseline Processing Report file:///c:/users/adam/appdata/local/temp/tbctemporal/j3z3xxjs.ycz/rpt919174d8.html /08/19 Summary Session Details GPS27 - GPS28 (09:18:30 AM-09:47:25 AM) (S8) GPS28 - GPS29 (10:19:00 AM-10:45:05 AM) (S9) GPS30 - GPS29 (11:10:50 AM-11:39:05 AM) (S10) GPS31 - GPS30 (12:01:35 PM-12:31:15 PM) (S11) GPS27 - GPS26 (08:13:50 AM-08:53:35 AM) (S7) Project Information Name: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section5.vce Size: 198 KB Modified: 2013/08/18 09:35:21 AM (UTC:2) Time zone: South Africa Standard Time Reference number: Description: Observation From To Solution Type Baseline Processing Report Processing Summary H. Prec. Coordinate System Name: UTM Datum: WGS 1984 Zone: 38 North (45E) Geoid: GLOBAL2008_1 Vertical datum: V. Prec. Geodetic Az. Ellipsoid Dist. DHeight GPS GPS28 (B8) GPS27 GPS28 Fixed '31" GPS GPS29 (B9) GPS28 GPS29 Fixed '33" GPS GPS29 (B10) GPS29 GPS30 Fixed '09" GPS GPS30 (B11) GPS30 GPS31 Fixed '22" GPS GPS26 (B7) GPS27 GPS26 Fixed '26" Acceptance Summary Processed Passed Flag Fail Date: 2013/08/19 08:16:41 AM Project: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section5.vce Trimble Business Center

13 Baseline Processing Report file:///c:/users/adam/appdata/local/temp/tbctemporal/dmvuqdq2.orn/rptcb736a66.html /08/19 Summary Session Details GPS34 - GPS33 (09:00:10 AM-09:30:35 AM) (S3) GPS34 - GPS35 (10:07:00 AM-10:36:50 AM) (S2) GPS36 - GPS35 (11:05:35 AM-11:36:15 AM) (S1) GPS32 - GPS33 (08:10:00 AM-08:40:10 AM) (S4) GPS32 - GPS31 (07:19:00 AM-07:47:30 AM) (S5) Project Information Name: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section6.vce Size: 195 KB Modified: 2013/08/18 09:03:42 AM (UTC:2) Time zone: South Africa Standard Time Reference number: Description: Observation From To Solution Type Baseline Processing Report Processing Summary H. Prec. Coordinate System Name: UTM Datum: WGS 1984 Zone: 38 North (45E) Geoid: GLOBAL2008_1 Vertical datum: V. Prec. Geodetic Az. Ellipsoid Dist. DHeight GPS GPS33 (B3) GPS33 GPS34 Fixed '16" GPS GPS35 (B2) GPS34 GPS35 Fixed '53" GPS GPS35 (B1) GPS35 GPS36 Fixed '57" GPS GPS33 (B4) GPS33 GPS32 Fixed '51" GPS GPS31 (B5) GPS32 GPS31 Fixed '49" Acceptance Summary Processed Passed Flag Fail Date: 2013/08/19 08:18:18 AM Project: C:\adam\Projects2013 \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section6.vce Trimble Business Center

14 1 User Data All antenna heights refer to the vertical distance from the Ground Mark to the Antenna Reference Point (ARP). Station (s) Submitted File Antenna Type Antenna Height (m) Start Time End Time GPS1 GPS o NONE NONE /08/05 07:22: /08/05 08:40:30 2 Processing Summary Date User Stations Reference Stations Orbit Type 2013/08/05 07:22:00 GPS1 ANKR DRAG ETAD ISER ISKU IGS rapid ISSD MBAR NICO REUN ZAMB Remark: An IGS Rapid Orbit product has been used in this computation, IGS Rapid orbits are usually of very high quality. However, to ensure you achieve the highest quality coordinates please resubmit approximately 2 weeks after the observation session end to ensure the use of the IGS Final Orbit product. AUSPOS 2.0 Job Number: # 1488 User: surveys at gps-africa co za 2 c Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2013

15 3 Computed Coordinates, ITRF2008 All computed coordinates are based on the IGS realisation of the ITRF2008 reference frame. All the given ITRF2008 coordinates refer to a mean epoch of the site observation data. All coordinates refer to the Ground Mark. 3.1 Cartesian, ITRF2008 Station X (m) Y (m) Z (m) GPS /08/2013 ANKR /08/2013 DRAG /08/2013 ETAD /08/2013 ISER /08/2013 ISKU /08/2013 ISSD /08/2013 MBAR /08/2013 NICO /08/2013 REUN /08/2013 ZAMB /08/ Geodetic, GRS80 Ellipsoid, ITRF2008 Geoid-ellipsoidal separations, in this section, are computed using a spherical harmonic synthesis of the global EGM2008 geoid. More information on the EGM2008 geoid can be found at Station Latitude Longitude Ellipsoidal Derived Above (DMS) (DMS) Height(m) Geoid Height(m) GPS ANKR DRAG ETAD ISER ISKU ISSD MBAR NICO REUN ZAMB AUSPOS 2.0 Job Number: # 1488 User: surveys at gps-africa co za 3 c Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2013

16 4 Solution Information 4.1 Coordinate Precision - Geodetic, One Sigma Station σ East (m) σ North (m) σ Up (m) GPS ANKR DRAG ETAD ISER ISKU ISSD MBAR NICO REUN ZAMB Ambiguity Resolution - per baseline Baseline Ambiguities Resolved Baseline Length (km) MBAR - ZAMB 78.3 % ETAD - GPS % ISER - ISSD 75.0 % ANKR - NICO 68.2 % DRAG - NICO 81.5 % ETAD - MBAR 66.7 % REUN - ZAMB 76.2 % ISSD - NICO 70.4 % ISKU - ISSD 92.6 % MBAR - NICO 65.0 % AVERAGE 72.8% Please note for a regional solution, such as used by AUSPOS, an average ambiguity resolution of 50% or better for the network indicates a reliable solution. AUSPOS 2.0 Job Number: # 1488 User: surveys at gps-africa co za 4 c Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2013

17 5 Computation Standards 5.1 Computation System Software Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0. GNSS system(s) GPS only. 5.2 Data Preprocessing and Measurement Modelling Data preprocessing Basic observable Modelled observable Ground antenna phase centre calibrations Tropospheric Model Tropospheric Estimation Map- Tropospheric ping Function Ionosphere Tidal displacements Atmospheric loading Satellite centre of mass correction Satellite phase centre calibration Satellite trajectories Earth Orientation Phase preprocessing is undertaken in a baseline by baseline mode using triple-differences. In most cases, cycle slips are fixed by the simultaneous analysis of different linear combinations of L1 and L2. If a cycle slip cannot be fixed reliably, bad data points are removed or new ambiguities are set up A data screening step on the basis of weighted postfit residuals is also performed, and outliers are removed. Carrier phase with an elevation angle cutoff of 10 and a sampling rate of 3 minutes. However, data cleaning is performed a sampling rate of 30 seconds. Elevation dependent weighting is applied according to 1/ sin(e) 2 where e is the satellite elevation. The code observable is only used for the receiver clock synchronisation. Double differences of the ionosphere-free linear combination. IGS08 absolute phase-centre variation model is applied. A priori model is the Saastamoinen-based hydrostatic mapped with the dry-niell. Zenith delay corrections are estimated relying on the wet- Niell mapping function in intervals of 2 hour. N-S and E-W horizontal delay parameters are solved for every 24 hours. Niell First-order effect eliminated by forming the ionosphere-free linear combination of L1 and L2. Solid earth tidal displacements are derived from the complete model from the IERS Conventions 2003, but ocean tide loading is not applied. Not applied IGS08 phase-centre variation model applied IGS08 phase-centre variation model applied Best available IGS products. Best available IGS products. AUSPOS 2.0 Job Number: # 1488 User: surveys at gps-africa co za 5 c Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2013

18 5.3 Estimation Process Adjustment Station coordinates Troposphere Ionospheric correction Ambiguity 5.4 Reference Frame Terrestrial reference frame Australian datum Derived AHD Above-geoid heights Weighted least-squares algorithm. Coordinate constraints are applied at the Reference sites with standard deviation of 1mm and 2mm for horizontal and vertical components respectively. Zenith delay parameters and pairs of horizontal delay gradient parameters are estimated for each station in intervals of 2 hour and 24 hours. An ionospheric map derived from the contributing reference stations is used to aid ambiguity resolution using the QIF strategy Ambiguities are resolved in a baseline-by-baseline mode using Quasi-Ionosphere-Free (QIF) approach. IGS08 station coordinates and velocities mapped to the mean epoch of observation. GDA94 coordinates determined via Helmert transformation from ITRF using the Dawson and Woods (2010) parameters. For stations within Australia, AUSGeoid09 is used to compute AHD. AUSGeoid09 is the Australia-wide gravimetric quasigeoid model that has been a posteriori fitted to the Australian Height Datum Earth Gravitational Model EGM2008 released by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) EGM Development Team is used to compute above-geoid heights. This gravitational model is complete to spherical harmonic degree and order 2159, and contains additional coefficients extending to degree 2190 and order AUSPOS 2.0 Job Number: # 1488 User: surveys at gps-africa co za 6 c Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2013

19 CSRS-PPP (V ) GPS1 Data Start Data End Duration of Observations :21: :40: h 19m 0.00s Apri / Aposteriori Phase Std Apri / Aposteriori Code Std 0.015m / 0.006m 2.0m / 0.798m Observations Frequency Mode Phase and Code L1 and L2 Static Elevation Cut-Off Rejected Epochs Observation & Estimation Steps degrees 0.00 % 5.00 sec / 5.00 sec Antenna Model APC to ARP ARP to Marker TRMR4 NONE Ant. not in PPP (0 m) m (APC = antenna phase center; ARP = antenna reference point) Estimated Position for GPS o Latitude (+n) Longitude (+e) Ell. Height ITRF08 (2013) 9º º m Sigmas(95%) m m m Apriori 9º º m Estimated - Apriori m m m 95% Error Ellipse (dm) semi-major: 1.633dm semi-minor: 0.283dm semi-major azimuth: 95º UTM (North) Zone m (N) m (E) Scale Factors (point) (combined) (Coordinates from RINEX file used as apriori position) 09:18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o 1 NRCan Rapid

20 Estimated Parameters & Observations Statistics NRCan Rapid 2 09:18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o

21 09:18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o 3 NRCan Rapid

22 NRCan Rapid 4 09:18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o

23 09:18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o 5 NRCan Rapid

24 NRCan Rapid 6 09:18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o

25 ~~~ Disclaimer ~~~ Natural Resources Canada does not assume any liability deemed to have been caused directly or indirectly by any content of its PPP-On-Line positioning service. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact: Geodetic Survey Division Canada Centre for Remote Sensing Natural Resources Canada Government of Canada 615 Booth Street, Room 440 Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E9 Phone: FAX: :18:12 UTC 2013/08/08 / GPS o 7 NRCan Rapid

26 CO-ORDINATE LIST: AUSTRALIAN GEOSCIENCE INSTITUTE GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS

27 CO-ORDINATE LIST: AUSTRALIAN GEOSCIENCE INSTITUTE UTM 38 WGS84 GEOID MODEL: GLOBAL 2008 GPS1Z Auspos GPS2Z Auspos GPS3Z Auspos GPS4Z Auspos GPS5Z Auspos GPS6Z Auspos GPS7Z Auspos GPS8Z Auspos GPS9Z Auspos GPS10Z Auspos GPS11Z Auspos GPS12Z Auspos GPS13Z Auspos GPS14Z Auspos GPS15Z Auspos GPS16Z Auspos GPS17Z Auspos GPS18Z Auspos GPS19Z Auspos GPS20Z Auspos GPS21Z Auspos GPS22Z Auspos GPS23Z Auspos GPS24Z Auspos GPS25Z Auspos GPS26Z Auspos GPS27Z Auspos GPS28Z Auspos GPS29Z Auspos GPS30Z Auspos GPS31Z Auspos GPS32Z Auspos GPS33Z Auspos GPS34Z Auspos GPS35Z Auspos GPS36Z Auspos

28 Project information Coordinate System Name: Somali_Section1.vce Name: UTM Size: 177 KB Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: 8/8/ :17:07 AM (UTC:2) Zone: 38 North (45E) Reference number: Geoid: GLOBAL2008 Description: Vertical datum: Point List ID GPS1 GPS1Z GPS2 GPS2Z GPS3 GPS3Z GPS4 GPS4Z GPS5 GPS5Z GPS6 GPS6Z Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code P Auspos Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P16 8/18/ :23:58 AM Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section1.vce Trimble Business Center

29 Project information Coordinate System Name: Somali_Section2.vce Name: UTM Size: 228 KB Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: 8/17/2013 5:28:42 PM (UTC:2) Zone: 38 North (45E) Reference number: Geoid: GLOBAL2008 Description: Vertical datum: ID GPS6 GPS6Z GPS7 GPS7Z GPS8 GPS8Z GPS9 GPS9Z GPS10 GPS10Z GPS11 GPS11Z GPS12 GPS12Z GPS13 GPS13Z Point List Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P16ROCK Auspos P Auspos P Auspos Trimble Business Center 8/17/ :01:46 PM \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section2.v ce

30 Project information Coordinate System Name: \Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section3.vce Name: UTM Size: 236 KB Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: 8/17/2013 2:48:15 PM (UTC:2) Zone: 38 North (45E) Reference number: Geoid: GLOBAL2008 Description: Vertical datum: Point List ID GPS13 GPS13Z GPS14 GPS14Z GPS15 GPS15Z GPS16 GPS16Z GPS17 GPS17Z GPS18 GPS18Z GPS19 GPS19Z GPS20 GPS20ZZ Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos 8/18/ :41:15 AM C:\adam\Projects2013\Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Sectio n3.vce Trimble Business Center

31 Project information Coordinate System Name: Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section4.vce Name: UTM Size: 292 KB Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: 8/18/2013 8:18:12 AM (UTC:2) Zone: 38 North (45E) Reference number: Geoid: GLOBAL2008 Description: Vertical datum: Point List ID Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code GPS20 GPS20ZZ GPS21 GPS21Z GPS22 GPS22Z GPS23 GPS23Z GPS24 GPS24Z GPS25 GPS25Z GPS26 GPS26Z P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos 8/18/ :47:58 AM Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section4.vce Trimble Business Center

32 Project information Coordinate System Name: Gauf\Somaliland\GPS\TBO\Somali_Section5.vce Name: UTM Size: 90 KB Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: 8/18/2013 9:15:27 AM (UTC:2) Zone: 38 North (45E) Reference number: Geoid: GLOBAL2008 Description: Vertical datum: Point List ID GPS26 GPS26Z GPS27 GPS27Z GPS28 GPS28Z GPS29 GPS29Z GPS30 GPS30Z GPS31 GPS31Z Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code P Auspos P Auspos P16 Auspos failed P P16ROCK Auspos P16 Auspos 8/18/ :35:16 AM Somali_Section5.vce Trimble Business Center

33 Project information Coordinate System Name: Somali_Section6.vce Name: UTM Size: Datum: WGS 1984 Modified: Zone: 38 North (45E) Reference number: Geoid: GLOBAL2008 Description: Vertical datum: Point List ID GPS31 GPS31Z GPS32 GPS32Z GPS33 GPS33Z GPS34 GPS34Z GPS35 GPS35Z GPS36 GPS36Z Easting Northing Elevation Feature Code P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P Auspos P16PLOOR Auspos P Auspos 8/18/ :02:43 AM Somali_Section6.vce Trimble Business Center

34 BENCH MARKS - BERBERA - HERGISA - TUG WAJALE ROAD Coordinate System UTM Zone 38 North Project Datum WGS84 Vertical Datum Geoid Model EGM2008 (Global) GPS mm peg in concrete, pre-marked beacon detail view GPS mm peg in concrete, pre-marked GPS mm peg in concrete, pre-marked GPS mm peg in concrete, pre-marked GPS mm peg in concrete, pre-marked

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