02. BIM (Building Information Modeling) & Revit

Transcription

1 Design + Computing 02. BIM (Building Information Modeling) & Revit 3/12/2015 Digital Design I HOM3034 Spring 2015 Every Thursday 2:00 p.m. 5:50 pm Jin Kook Lee, Ph.D designit@hanyang.ac.kr Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab. Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University

2 What to do today 1. Lecture: Intro to BIM 2. Discussion: Reading Assignments 3. Lab exercises: Revit without experiences 1. How to install Revit 2. Running Revit & look around interfaces 3. Model your building information using Revit without experiences 4. Requirements: All lab exercises outcome files should be submitted in Shared Folder Appropriate images in JPG format. Try to get your best render shots!

3 History of Computing?

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7 Breaking Enigma, designing buildings, and doing everything by computers

8 Right brain vs Left brain: Do you see the dancer turning Counter-clockwise: Left brain LEFT BRAIN FUNCTIONS uses logic detail oriented facts rule words and language present and past math and science can comprehend knowing acknowledges order/pattern perception knows object name reality based forms strategies practical safe Clockwise: Right brain RIGHT BRAIN FUNCTIONS uses feeling "big picture" oriented imagination rules symbols and images present and future philosophy & religion can "get it" (i.e. meaning) believes appreciates spatial perception knows object function fantasy based presents possibilities impetuous risk taking

9 Right brain vs Left brain LEFT BRAIN FUNCTIONS RIGHT BRAIN FUNCTIONS uses logic detail oriented facts rule words and language present and past math and science can comprehend knowing acknowledges order/pattern perception knows object name reality based forms strategies practical safe Logic + Sensibility Language + Images Scientific + Conceptual Practical + Imaginary uses feeling "big picture" oriented imagination rules symbols and images present and future philosophy & religion can "get it" (i.e. meaning) believes appreciates spatial perception knows object function fantasy based presents possibilities impetuous risk taking Design Computing

10 History of Computing + Design

11 A Short Timeline of Computer Aided Design CATIA First CAD First Solid Modeler First Parametric Modeler Revit: Parametric Modeler in AEC First 3D Building WWW SketchUP iphone, ipad First CAD System: Ivan Sutherland & Steven Coons, SketchPAD, MIT, 1961 Greenberg, Donald P. Computer Graphics in Architecture. Scientific American 230: , 1974 Popular CAD: AutoCAD 1990 example on a Mac Autodesk Revit 2012 Market-leading BIM Tool

12 History of computer-aided design is a history of understanding what is design The design is a drawing of the product e.g. Geometric drafting in 2D The design is a surface model of the product e.g. Geometric surface modeling in 3D The design is a 3D model of the product e.g. Solid modeling The design is an editable 3D model of the product e.g. Parametric modeling The design is the integrated representation of all the compositional, analytical and fabrication representations of the product (Geometry is just one part of the model) e.g. Product Data Modeling, Building Information Modeling H W D Parameters: H, W, D + Information Information Modeling

13 CAADRIA 2015 video demo

14 Digital Design?

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20 Projection Mapping + Interior Design examples Indoor Projection Mapping - Video Mapping Interior_(720p) Projection Mapping at Osha Restaurant_(720p) 3D Room Video Mapping Projection - London Design Week (100%Design)_(1080p)

21 Digital Design I Class consists of: Design Computing Theories and Lab Exercises - BIM & Parametric Modeling : Revit & Vasari - 3d Modeling & Rendering : 3ds MAX - Design presentation by Animation & Movie : 3ds MAX, Photoshop, AfterEffect, Power Director, etc.

22 One of Advanced Design Computing: BIM

23 Conventional Design Computing Drafting Modeling Rendering Focusing on geometric shapes Let computers do what we have drawn Animation Visualizations

24 New direction of Design Computing: Information Modeling Focusing on information Let computers do what we have done

25 Difference between geometric drawing and information modeling Two representations are very close. Computationally, very different.

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27 Building Information Modeling Approach

28 Quotes in Architectural Design Architecture is the art of how to waste space. - Philip Johnson All architecture is shelter, all great architecture is the design of space that contains, cuddles, exalts, or stimulates the persons in that space. - Philip Johnson Architecture is music in space, as it were a frozen music - Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling Architecture is the will of an epoch translated into space. - Mies van der Rohe We design spaces! Do you?

29 Do you design lines or spaces? Do you design geometric shapes or building objects? What you design for? 1. Walls 2. Windows, doors 3. Ceiling, slab, column 4. Furniture, any design elements 5. Space, filled with all above What you really design in conventional CAD systems? (AutoCAD, 3dsMAX, etc) - Two parallel lines representing a wall - A series of lines representing the geometry of the bottom footprint of walls - A 900mm line and an arc that representing a door - A 900 X 1800 X 50 3d box object with a wood map, representing a table top - A series of geometric shapes representing your image of design Back to fundamentals: Why don t we design Space and Walls rather than line and polygons? This approach is already implemented in recently developed BIM tools. BIM tools are still the means of design, but totally different approach.

30 CAD evolves into BIM Not just evolving from 2d to 3d Rectangular Shape in a CAD model Evolve into BIM Space Object in a BIM model Office Labeled Polygon Label Text: Office Layer Label Text: Level 1 2D or 3D Dummy Geometry Space Object Instance contains information GUID (Globally Unique ID) Name: Office Zone Name: Leasing Spaces Space Number: 250 Floor, Spatial Topology NET Area, Height, Volume... Relations, Topology Data 3D Geometry Data Standard Names, Standard Area, Required Area Basic Rentable Area ANSI/BOMA Category Occupants Code Energy Zone Type Cost Estimate Data Security Information

31 Geometry-oriented approach Conventionally CAD systems only deal with geometry Because people believed that geometric shape is all about design, at that time. Geometry is important, but it is a subset of a design.

32 Building object-oriented approach Site 1 1..* Building 1..* 1 1..* Floor 1..* 1 1..* Space 1..* 0..* 0..* SpaceGroup 1 Interior Facilities Conceptual modeling of a building for both human and computer

33 Building Data Model: a bit more elaborated model Other Structural Element Foundation Slab Ceiling 0..* 0..* 0..* 0..* 1 Geometry Surface Material Structure Site 1 1..* Building 1 1..* Floor 1..* 1..* Any group or classification of spaces Roof Beam 0..* 0..* 1 1..* Space 1 1..* 0..* 0..* SpaceGroup Column 0..* Wall 1 0..* 0..* Opening Window Door Geometry Surface Material Interior Facilities 1 1..* 0..* One One or more Zero or more A B B contains A / A is super class of B A B B is made up of A (composition) Major building elements for interior design Dynamically Instantiatable Objects

34 IFC: an actual building data (information) model for computers IfcRoot IfcRelationship IfcPort IfcObjectDefinition IfcRelAssociates IfcAnnotation IfcObject IfcGroup IfcRelAssociatesClassification IfcElement IfcProduct IfcZone IfcClassificationReference IfcBuildingElement IfcSpatialStructureElement Space Groups IfcBeam IfcColumn IfcSlab IfcDoor 653 Entities Geometry Relation Properties IfcSite [1:n] IfcRelAggregates IfcBuilding [1:n] IfcRelAggregates IfcRamp IfcRoof IfcBuildingStorey [1:n] IfcRelAggregates IfcSpace IfcWall IfcWallStandardCase IfcBuildingBasementComponent IfcBuildingBasementPart

35 Data Modeling Example: Building Floor Space entity & their properties example Building Floor Space Geometry data int id String filename int numberof double area double totalnetarea double height double elevationheight double volume Site Site Floor[] Floor Geometry data int id String GUID String name double area double totalnetarea double height double elevationheight double volume Building Building Space[] Space Geometry data int id String GUID String name String number double area double height double volume int numberofdoor Building Building Floor Floor Floor firstfloor String buildingtype String designphase String version double buildinggrossarea double structuredparkingarea double meparea double skinarea double externalwallarea double biggestfloorarea int number Space[] adjacentspace Space[] directlyaccessiblespace double basicrsf String department String security String bomacategory BIM is the way we should go. It takes advantages of advanced computing technologies, and it enables us to focus on design itself, not computing.

36 Difference between geometric drawing and information modeling Two representations are very close. Computationally, very different.

37 Autodesk Revit, its BIM Approaches and its Use Scenarios for Interiors

38 Autodesk Revit 2015, as of 2015 (2016 will be released soon)

39 How to model a building in Autodesk Revit? Modeling walls, columns, doors, spaces, floors not points, lines, surfaces - But it doesn t mean Revit has no geometry editing tools. It still has powerful tools. Designing a building object, based on several pre-defined object families - System Family: pre-defined building objects in Revit - User Family (Custom Objects): any kind of user-defined building objects Each object s geometry is parametrically editable - A wall s width, height and thickness, NOT length of the lines All objects have related each other Parametric Constraints - E.g.: All walls in Level 1 have a constraint to the bottom of Level 2 We just implemented this on BIM tools, much smarter than OSNAP in AutoCAD

40 Final Assignments - Modeling CHE building in Revit - Importing into 3dsMAX

41 Project means a Revit project file Family is a basic unit of building design object in Revit Families are one of: System Family or Custom Family Users can create their own customized building design objects

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43 Load project template file / system family files If your Revit has missing Template or System Families, locate them as following: Setting Default Template in Metric units: Click left-top R icon Click Options File locations Default template file: C:\ProgramData\Autodesk\RAC 2013\Templates\US Metric\DefaultMetric.rte Setting and loading System Families via: C:\ProgramData\Autodesk\RAC 2013\Libraries\US Metric\ ~ a lot of system families *.rvt files are Revit Project files *.rte files are Revit Template files *.rfa files are Revit Family files

44 Revit interface basics 1. Start a command Clicking icons in Ribbon interface 2. Choose an option from the associated temporary tab Editing, modifying in an additional Ribbon tab 3. Do something in the model view window

45 Property Window The Type Properties dialog gives you access to the parameters associated with the element you ve selected.

46 Project Browser Like Windows Explorer Navigate information associated with current project

47 Revit Key Features Exporting building s geometry in DWG, DWF, FBX formats Exporting building information model in IFC format Interoperability Space-oriented building modeling: Mass Object, Space Object Extracting auto-generated 2d plans: Floor plans, elevations, sections, 3d views Modeling building objects & geometry in advanced Parametric Modeling techniques Supporting.NET based plugin development (well defined API) Supporting collaborative working environment (centralized Revit model, cloud-based) Supporting various visualization tools

48 Building mass modeling in Revit Modeling building mass object in Revit Turning into Revit building objects such as walls, floors, curtain walls

49 Space Object modeling in Revit One of most important object in Revit is Space object ( Room in Revit) No need to draw wall lines for creating spaces - Space object in BIM tools Auto-detecting Space Boundary using surrounding wall objects Space Objects can be modeled even without walls for the early concept design

50 Modeled and Rendered in Revit, using Mental Ray (Also compatible with 3ds MAX)

51 Modeled and Rendered in Revit, using Mental Ray (Also compatible with 3ds MAX)

52 Recommended: Use Revit & MAX for better photo-realistic rendering images Revit: MAX:

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57 Next Class Revit & BIM Lab Exercises: - Modeling and Rendering by Autodesk Revit