06. 3-dimensional Computer Graphics & Visualization

Transcription

1 Design + Computing dimensional Computer Graphics & Visualization 4/9/2015 Digital Design I HOM3034 Spring 2015 Every Thursday 2:00 p.m. 5:50 pm Jin Kook Lee, Ph.D designit@hanyang.ac.kr Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab. Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University

2 Planned rest of the semester: Midterm Exam, Final Project, etc. Lab Exercises in each class - Mostly pass/fail based evaluation - Additional score will be given, if your work is beyond expectation : Qualitative evaluation in Course participation Midterm Exam - A brief examination from the course material, fundamental theories - Not only BIM and parametric modeling issues but also 3d graphics - Scheduled in May 20 th. (TBA if needed) Final Project: a video-based design presentation, uploaded on YouTube.com - You are encouraged to use your design studio work - If not your design studio work, it s okay. Contents up to you (e.g. lessons in this course, etc.) - Uploaded and shared by YouTube - Due date: end of the class (TBA in detail) Other Mandatory Participation - Show up in the special Guest Lecture Series (TBA in detail)

3 What to do today: BIM Applications, using your BIM model Lecture: BIM-enabled building design approach using Revit 1. Lab Exercise 1: Wall Object Exterior and Interior wall in Revit and its property screen shot 2. Lab Exercise 2: Door & Window Object Door/Window in Revit and its property screen shot 3. Lab Exercise 3: Stair Object and others Components in Revit screen shot 4. Lab Exercise 4: Space Object Room in Revit and its property screen shot 5. Lab Exercise 5: Floor Object Floor in Revit and its property myname_le5_l5.rvt 6. Lab Exercise 6: Section view screen shot 7. Lab Exercise 7: Building Elevation How to create an entire building floors in elevation view screen shot 8. Lab Exercise 8: Editing each floor (Elaborated) myname_le7_che_bldg.rvt Preview: Various BIM Applications 9. Lab Exercise 9: Schedule Room schedule in Revit no submission required 10. Lab Exercise 10: Exporting Revit model Geometry models & IFC FBX file and IFC file from your CHE bldg. Floor Plan CAD file from floor plan views, 3D CAD file from 3D views, etc.

4 What to do today: Setting up 3d graphics environment 3d Graphics Visualization using 3ds Max Design & Mental Ray renderer Lecture: 3d Computer Graphics & Visualization 1. Lab Exercise 0: From Revit to 3ds Max using FBX file screenshot 2. Lab Exercise 1: A quick review 3ds Max five rendering images 3. Lab Exercise 2: HD rendering a rendering image 4. Lab Exercise 3: Watching demo videos no submission 5. Lab Exercise 4: Edit your room interior night scene a rendering image

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6 Now you know the strength of BIM & Parametric Modeling Why we need to use such a technology?

7 Parametric Curtain Wall Seoul City Hall, 2012 Non-uniform surface Panelized curtain wall system

8 Design models vs. As built pictures (Seoul City Hall)

9 Parametric Curtain Wall Skin example Spline Curve & CV to control the shape Glowing ribbon-shaped Façade using LED the ribbon-glass facade is based on five spline curves and fabricated by brooklyn-based roxy lab. Lincoln Square Synagogue, New York CetraRuddy with Front

10 DDP, design by Zaha Hadid Not a simple box shape interior Non-uniform Surface Panels Zaha Hadid, from Google Image Serarch

11 DDP, design by Zaha Hadid 10 years & 500,000,000,000 KRW Each single panel has different shapes Zaha Hadid, from Google Image Serarch

12 DDP, design by Zaha Hadid Zaha Hadid, from Google Image Serarch

13 DDP, design by Zaha Hadid

14 Non-uniform Building Design

15 Building Mass Types & Non-uniform Design Box shape Diagonal line shape Segmentation shape Free-line curved surface

16 Case Study: Tri Balls ( 인천세계도시축전기념관 ) Design Process of an Irregular-shaped Building by i-arch Design Concept: 세개의공 세곳의인천자유경제지구 송도, 청라, 영종지구

17 Design Process Reverse-engineering Create geometry using physical mock-up models (Laser Scan) Parametric Modeling by Rhino, CATIA Non-uniform design (Conceptual design) Rapid Prototyping 3d printing Geometry Optimization Conceptual design to constructible design Parametric Modeling Quantity take-off, etc.

18 Construction Surface Panelization: 2,600 individually produced panels (Anodizing: 코팅알루미늄 )

19 Parametric Modeling Geometric shape design Floor modeling Surface pattern design Paneling Structured object hierarchy (relation) Real-time update of panel details according to design changes using Excel-based parameter sheet Reusable, Efficient, Productive

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21 Salvador Dali Museum by HOK + Beck Group

22 Design Process A box-shape mass + Non-uniform shape (rhomboid curtain wall panel system)

23 Design & Construction

24 Design & Construction

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27 Parametric Modeling This design could be realized even without advanced design computing technologies. However, BIM, IPD, especially Parametric Modeling enabled this building design to be realized in the most efficient way.

28 Obviously BIM & other advanced DCOM technologies are the promising way to go, but we need to use visualization tools in advance.

29 3d Computer Graphics & Visualization of your design

30 CG & Visualization: Where you are involved in? Rule checking / review Analysis & simulation Rapid prototyping & digital fabrication Drawings Design Building Lifecycle Construction Cost estimate / Quantity take-off & Scheduling Specifications Demolition Operation Clash detection Visualizations 4D Simulation & construction management

31 CG & Visualization: Rendering all about lights Lighting - Direct Illumination (e.g. Sunlight) - Indirect Illumination - Environment Target Objects - Diffuse - Intensity - Texture Map - Shadow casting - Ambient Occlusion - Reflection - Refraction - Caustics Camera - Source, Target - Field of View

32 Autodesk 3ds Max

33 What to do in 3ds MAX (& other general 3d tools) 1 Modeling: Create objects Modeling Very hard and time-consuming 1 Create 2d geometry and 3d objects 2 Import objects 3 Manage objects: object modification 2 Rendering: Visualize scenes Rendering Many things to take care of 1 Assign materials 2 Add lights 3 Setup cameras 4 Rendering options & render scenes 3 Animation: Animate scenes Animating Hardware dependent

34 3ds MAX 2009 Cartesian Coordinate System Work space: Model here! Steering Wheel View Cube Use Hotkeys!

35 3ds MAX Design ds MAX Design 2016 (will be released in this May)

36 Use hotkeys! Useful 3ds MAX hotkeys (basic keys) Viewing Alt + W : Maximize the viewport, and back G : Show/hide grids F3 : Toggle between wireframe view and Shading F4 : View edge face wireframe, available in shading view C : View camera, P : View perspective, T : top view, L : left view, F : front view, B : bottom view Ctrl + X : Toggle expert mode Shit + Z, Shift Y : Undo, Redo viewport operation +, - : Increase, decrease Gizmo size Object Handling Q : Click Selection tool W : Click Move tool E : Click Rotate tool R : Click Scale tool H : Select by name Ctrl A : select all, Ctrl D : deselect all, Space bar : selection lock toggle (keep selecting current ones only if turned on) Utility M : Material editor F10 : Render setup Shift + Q : Rendering

37 3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design Define UoD What s in your mind? - Roughly sketch it freehand if needed - Plan hierarchy diagram and objects Modeling Modeling universe (environment) Modeling design elements Planes Walls 2d sketch 3d modeling Sky, outside view Modification Import Modification Rendering Material mapping Lights Camera Rendering scenes Retouching in 2d Graphics Tools Photoshop (or others) supports lots of complicated effects - Modify: Level, Color balance, Sharpness, Gaussian blur, etc. - Add: Remapping, Compose, Texts, etc.

38 3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design Before modeling & rendering Defining UoD first! Roughly design your universe This UoD is not reflecting real world totally visualization purposed surfaces Modeling is very hard and tedious Reuse pre-defined object models Use pasted bitmap images for drawing section profiles Model in 3ds MAX, not in AutoCAD Make all edges smooth e.g. NURMS, Bevel Rendering basics Use high-quality bitmap images for mapping (doesn t mean only high-resolution) (Take pictures whenever you find good interior design material, and Photoshop) Three lightings and one camera for furniture, lots of lightings for interior design Use Mental Ray (or other ray tracing: e.g. V-Ray etc.) for global reflection Less is more Retouch in Photoshop or others, don t try too much in 3ds MAX. Don t forget your final result is just a mere 2d image!

39 Why Mental Ray in 3ds Max Design?

40 Arch & Design Material + ProMaterials (AKA Autodesk Materials) + Photometric Lights Mental Ray In October of 2006, Autodesk implemented a material type called the Arch & Design material for the 3d Studio Max implementation of mental ray. Easy to use, yet flexible: complicated than Vray but simpler Templates: fast access to common materials Physically accurate Glossy performance Tweakable BRDF (Bidirectional reflectance distribution function) Transparency Round corners: make it realistic catch the light on edges Indirect Illumination control Built-in Ambient Occlusion Ray-traced & photo-realistic preset materials

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42 Lab Exercises

43 Next Class Track 2: Theories in 3d graphics & tool Design Visualization: - Renderers: Vray & Mental Ray Track 4: 3d Graphics Lab SketchUP & 3dsMAX