Parametric Modelling 101 Chris Wilkins

Transcription

1 Parametric Modelling 101 Chris Wilkins

2 Today: - What is parametric modelling? - Why should we be using it? - Lots of examples. - Demo of Grasshopper for Rhino.

3 Why Parametrics? - Visualization tool Santiago Calatrava - Turning Torso How do we visualize? Imagining, sketching, models, 3D renders,... and now Parametrics.

4 Why Parametrics? - Visualization tool - Mass customization & digital fabrication Parameters controlling unique aspects inside a repetitive process.

5 Why Parametrics? - Visualization tool - Mass customization & digital fabrication - Advanced geometries Marc Fornes How does one model such a surface???

6 Why Parametrics? - Visualization tool - Mass customization & digital fabrication - Advanced geometries - Dynamic Structures Santiago Calatrava - Milwaukee Art Museum Seemingly two wings - dozens of moving beams working in unison.

7 Parametrics - a Visualization Tool Parameters are variables. Variables in the design process such as: -building height, footprint, ceiling height Or variables relative to site: -sun angles, topography, views Parameters are decisions to be made.

8 Designing with Parameters (the old way) As we encounter these decisions, we visualize possible outcomes, based on different parameters. Some basic building parameters: - ceiling height (8-12 feet) - square footage (100, ,000 sqft) - max height restriction and property lines You imagine, sketch, draw or render different variations. And then you commit and proceed with the design.

9 Parametrics is Multidimensional Parametric modelling process: - Design the process, with parameters as input. - Tweak the parameters and visualize each outcome. We ve designed the process, and now the computer builds the solutions.

10 Example: Calatrava s Turning Torso How would YOU model this? Traditional modelling is tedious and repetive and when complete, you can visualize only one outcome.

11 Turning Torso using Grasshopper First, define process and parameters: 1. Draw footprint. 2. Raise floors. 3. Rotate floors. Then, adjust the parameters to visualize all of the possible outcomes. (see Grasshopper example: BoxTower ) You are now modelling with virtual clay - bake it into Rhino when satisfied.

12 Mass Customization & Digital Fabrication

13 Mass Customization & Digital Fabrication Mass Customization: a repetitive manufacturing process in which individual pieces are different, potentially unique. Digital Fabrication: driving fabrication process with digital instructions.

14 Marc Fornes Each of the very many circular pieces are potentially unique.

15 Example: Gantenbein Winery Facade Gramazio & Kohler The parameter in this case is an image. More specifically, the grayscale values in the image.

16 1. Robot angles bricks based on grayscale values of image. Bricks are adhered to one another rather than mortared. 2. Wall panels lifted one by one into place. 3. Workers put panels in place.

17 Gramazio & Kohler - Gantenbein Winery See the grapes in the basket?

18 Gramazio & Kohler - Gantenbein Winery

19 Example: Trade Show Booth Lift Architects The client s product is sold in Mason jars, so thousands of lids were suspended by fishing line to create the trade show booth s ceiling.

20 The parameter in this case is the height of the surface, at each location on the grid.

21 Lift Architects The final product. Mason Jar lids become art. Lift used Grasshopper, Rhinoscript and Excel for this project and were kind enough to post it as an online tutorial.

22 Advanced Geometries

23 Hello, I m a box. I m a very basic shape. I have 3 parameters - x, y, and z.

24 Our minds are good at assembling many basic shapes to form more complex shapes. If a building is to be 5 boxes stuck together, then the basic parameters are now: x1, y1, z1 x2, y2, z2 x3, y3, z3 x4, y4, z4 x5, y5, z5 15 parameters, yet still no need for computers.

25 Gaudi was a genius. He saw entire symphonies of shape in his mind. What is not obvious is that his shapes were based on mathematics.

26 Gaudi s domes and vaults: A hyperboloid of one sheet was used to design the arches to the left. The shape above is the same.

27 Now things are getting a little more difficult. This is a box sheathed in... what? Is something growing on it? Aquatower, Chicago How do you describe this shape? Wavy? Sinusoidal? Undulating?

28 Shapes based on mathematics: - Now the parameters are related to each other via equations. (see Grasshopper example: FunctionTest)

29 Now, a more complex version of the same. (see Grasshopper example: CompositeSineSurface by Ted Ngai)

30 A tour of projects and people using advanced geometries for both art and architecture:

31 Evan Douglis - biomorphic - fluid - art installations

32 Dave Pigram and Iain Maxwell - corrosive deformation of shape

33 supermanoeuvre - process

34 - very many parts - very many connections - complexity Marc Fornes theverymany.net

35 Marc Fornes

36 Marc Fornes

37 Marc Fornes - serious digital fabrication

38 Joe MacDonald The Bone Wall

39 Joe MacDonald Aquarium Wall

40 Dynamic Structures Santiago Calatrava - Milwaukee Art Museum

41 Example: Opening Windows (see Grasshopper example: BikeDepot.3dm,.wrm)

42 Theo Jansen - Kinetic Sculptor Link to web video of sculpture in motion:

43 Chuck Hoberman - Inventor Link to web video of arch in motion:

44 End of slide show. Stick around for the Grasshopper tutorial. Download this PDF at: