What cameras can do for you and how they do it!

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1 What cameras can do for you and how they do it! Kris Clark Girls Who Build - Cameras June 4, 2016

2 Outline A very small bit about me What is a camera? What can cameras do? What can you do with cameras? Girls who Build Cameras- 2

3 How I got here.. This image is in the public domain. Map of Massachusetts is in the public domain. Billerica Memorial High School logo is a trademark of Billerica Public Schools. Tufts University logo is a registered trademark of Tufts University. Girls who Build Cameras- 3

4 What is a camera? A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images Two basic components needed: Something to focus energy Something to detect/record energy detector image f Light Lens Image by MIT OpenCourseWare. Girls who Build Cameras- 4

5 The Simplest Camera Pinhole Camera This image is in the public domain. Image by Pbroks13 on Wikimedia. This image is in the public domain. Girls who Build Cameras- 5

Phone camera Multiple lenses Eyes are a great example Digital detector Lens focuses light onto retina Software for

6 Some Camera Examples Apple Inc. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our Creative Commons license. For more information, see Courtesy of Holly Fischer. CC BY. Phone camera Multiple lenses Eyes are a great example Digital detector Lens focuses light onto retina Software for image processing Retina detects light Brain does image processing Can you give examples of other cameras? Girls who Build Cameras- 6

7 Cameras they are not just for the visible! Image via the Space Telescope Science Institute and NASA. This image is in the public domain. Image via NASA/IPAC. This image is in the public domain. Girls who Build Cameras- 7

8 Other Examples Medical imaging (PillCam) Homeland Security (Security Cameras) Traffic Regulation (Traffic Cameras) Weather sensing (Radar Imaging) Space Exploration (Telescope Imaging) Girls who Build Cameras- 8

many industries I d like to show you the camera system on my current

9 What can cameras do? We ve talked about several examples Cameras are used in many ways in many industries I d like to show you the camera system on my current program TESS Courtesy of NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. This image is in the public domain. Girls who Build Cameras- 9

10 Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) TESS Goal: Find the Nearest Earth-Like Planets NASA Explorer Mission December 2017 Launch 2 year mission Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA, and MIT Kavli Institute. Used with permission. TESS- 10 KEC 11/06/15

11 Transit Method Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA, and MIT Kavli Institute. Used with permission. TESS- 11 KEC 11/06/15

coverage 24 x 96 Coverage Moon Earth TESS Orbit Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln

12 TESS Orbit and Sky Coverage Highly Elliptical Orbit 2 orbits for every moon orbit Wide field-of-view and step stare observing provide near full sky coverage 24 x 96 Coverage Moon Earth TESS Orbit Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA, and MIT Kavli Institute. Used with permission. TESS- 12 KEC 11/06/15

13 TESS Orbit and Sky Scan Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA, and MIT Kavli Institute. Used with permission. TESS- 13 KEC 11/06/15

TESS Camera Design Lens Seven Elements Different glasses

400-1000 nm TESS is a sensitive light collector, not a

environment Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory,

14 TESS Camera Design Lens Seven Elements Different glasses nm Detector 4096 x 4096 pixels Silicon CCD nm TESS is a sensitive light collector, not a high definition imager, and operates in a very cold environment Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA, and MIT Kavli Institute. Used with permission. TESS- 14 KEC 11/06/15

TESS Piece of the Exoplanet Puzzle Kepler

courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA,

15 TESS Piece of the Exoplanet Puzzle Kepler Estimate statistical population of exoplanets TESS Provide catalog of exoplanets for further observation James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Atmospheric characterization of exoplanets Image courtesy of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NASA, and MIT Kavli Institute. Used with permission. TESS- 15 KEC 11/06/15

16 What can you do with cameras? So many types of cameras Used in so many fields Chances are understanding cameras will help you in whatever field you choose If you really get into it you could design new types of cameras and figure out how to build them for use in the real world. Source Unknown. This content is excluded from our Creative Commons license. For more information, see Girls who Build Cameras- 16

17 Girls who Build Cameras- 17 What you can do with cameras right now

18 MIT OpenCourseWare Resource: Girls Who Build Cameras Kristen Railey The following may not correspond to a particular course on MIT OpenCourseWare, but has been provided by the author as an individual learning resource. For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit:

Laser Beacon Tracking for High-Accuracy Attitude Determination

Laser Beacon Tracking for High-Accuracy Attitude Determination Tam Nguyen Massachusetts Institute of Technology 29 th AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites SSC15-VIII-2 08/12/2015 Outline Motivation