S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 System

Transcription

1 S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 System Widening the lanes on the Information SuperHighway backbone to 10 gigabits per second

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3 S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 Network Element Whether for short-haul or long-haul trunking, network consolidation, or virtual private supercomputing networks, 10 Gb/s transport redefines the capabilities and the possibilities of the all-optical network. AT A GLANCE A full range of SONET and SDH solutions for high capacity short-haul or long-haul applications. Sophisticated traffic-handling capabilities for more than 20 Gigabits of traffic Imagine a single network element that could groom, segregate, and transport millions of phone calls worth of traffic at once... or transport broadcast-quality audio and video... or interconnect the enormous supercomputers of business and education. Imagine then that this network element could perform this task with extraordinary flexibility, be configured in protected linear or self-healing ring configurations, offer centralized control through a graphical network management system, and provide sophisticated bandwidth management capabilities at the STS-1 level. This vision is today s reality with Nortel s new S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system the high-capacity fiber transport platform for the next generation. As a member of the proven S/DMS TransportNode family of products, the OC-192 system interworks fully with its OC-3, 12, and OC-48 counterparts, as well as S/DMS AccessNode and the Cornerstone Access Mux and provides centralized, end-to-end operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P). Nortel s S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 meets the needs of information superhighway backbone applications by providing up to 20 Gb/s of optical tributary access in a single seven-foot frame plus the industry s most sophisticated bandwidth management and enhanced OAM&P functions for unprecedented service capacity and flexibility. The OC-192 network element can reach up to 140 km on NDSF (non-dispersion shifted fibers) and DSF (dispersion shifted fiber) routes as well as operating through optical-line amplifiers to extend system reach to several hundred kilometers. In fact, optical line amplifiers that are now being used for OC-48 systems can be put into service for OC-192 systems without requiring an upgrade. OC-3 OC-3 Distribution 155 to 600 Mb/s OC-12 OC-192 SuperHighway Backbone 10 Gb/s Collector Backbone Gb/s OC-48 The 10 Gb/s Backbone for Information SuperHighway Applications /09-95 Issue 1 Sept. 25, 1995

4 S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 Systems Meet Critical Market Requirements AT A GLANCE The OC-192 network element fundamentally redefines the possibilities of the transport network just as the market is redefining its demands and expectations. Nortel s newest transport system meets critical market requirements for capacity, grade of service, networking, operations, and service offerings: Up to 20 Gb/s capacity (mixed rates & protection schemes) With WDM, an eight-fold increase in bandwidth over a single channel OC percent of protection bandwidth available for carrying extra traffic Linear, ring, and interconnected ring configurations Full SONET advantages for ease of OAM&P Full bandwidth management for unidirectional, bidirectional, and broadcast services Capacity Nortel s OC-192 system terminates up to 20 Gb/s of tributary bandwidth, which can be fed as inputs to the high-speed transport side or looped back into other tributaries. Traffic is groomed all together for cost and operational efficiency. Combining the OC-192 line rate and Wave Division Multiplexing (two wavelengths) provides an eight-fold traffic capacity increase compared to a single-channel OC-48 (for example, more than 250,000 voice calls, compared to 32,256 calls on an OC-48 system). Grade of Service S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 systems allow the network provider to distinguish and provide services of distinctly different grades, ranging from premium-priced service with full survivability (self-healing interconnected rings using the Matched Nodes feature), forward error correction for superior bit error rate performance, and full path performance monitoring to facilitate fault sectionalization... to economical extra traffic service for any payload size, carried on protection bandwidth and pre-empted if protection bandwidth is needed for more critical services. S/DMS TransportNode s robust architecture enables unparalleled network reliability and availability. Networking The OC-192 system can be networked in linear configurations (such as add-drop multiplexer, point-to-point terminal or regenerator configurations), self-healing bidirectional line switched rings (BLSRs), and rings interconnected with integrated Matched Node gateways. All these configurations support full bandwidth management at the STS-1 level. Operations The OC-192 system supports end-to-end provisioning, maintenance, and administration of services, even in networks using a mix of OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48 line rate systems using industry standard operations interfaces and protocols, such as TL-1, Q3, and CMISE. The OC-192 system is also fully supported in Nortel s S/DMS Network Manager system from the start, minimizing training requirements. Service Flexibility The OC-192 system is unique in its ability to support OC-48, OC-12 and OC-3 tributaries directly. And whatever the network configuration or service mix, the OC- 192 system provides full bandwidth management flexibility at the STS-1 level, including grooming, segregation and drop and continue (broadcast) arrrangements on demand. The system supports a mix of traditional and emerging services, such as voice, data, and video SONET or SDH concatenated or non-concatenated services. ii

5 Contents 1.0 Introducing the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 System The OC-192 System Redefines Transport Applications... 7 Sample uses of the OC-192 network element as a high-capacity backbone vehicle for video trunking, long haul transport, supercomputing, and urban core transport 3.0 An Architecture Intelligently Designed for Today, Ready for Tomorrow Major System Components Service Interfaces The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 System Supports a Variety of Networking Configurations System Reach of 87 Miles on a Single Span, Even Further Using Optical Amplifiers Bandwidth Management at the STS-1 Level Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning Customer Support Technical assistance, warranty and repair service, training, and documentation 6.0 Abbreviations and Acronyms iii

6 /09-95 Issue 1 SDMS TransportNode OC-192 Network Element About This Document This document is an advance-planning tool for network planners, engineers, and marketers who need information about high-capacity transport systems. It has been designed to complement not replace more detailed Nortel technical documents. For further information, please contact your regional Nortel representative. For More Information For more detailed information, contact your regional Nortel representative or call NORTEL ( ). Our World Wide Web (Internet) home page is at iv

7 1 Introducing the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 System 10 Gigabits-per-Second for Information SuperHighway Backbone Transport S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 Ten years ago, industry-watchers forecast an explosion of demand for video teleconferencing, LAN and WAN connectivity, Internet access, telecommuting, medical imaging, distance learning, and other bandwidth-hungry applications. These forecasts proved true, and growth continues at exponential rates. For example, interexchange carriers have seen their forecasts exceeded three times over in the last five years. Industry-watchers predict that by the year 2000, traffic will be almost ten times today s volume. Already, many long-haul optical fiber routes which once seemed limitless in capacity are pushed to the limit with 20 Gb/s of traffic or more. In many cases, laying down new fiber is not an option. In all cases, it is more cost-effective to squeeze more from existing fiber plant than to install more fiber. Nortel has responded with technology advances that dramatically increase the range and capacity of S/DMS TransportNode systems: 1992 Extending reach In 1992, the introduction of 1550 nm wavelength technology doubled the reach of OC-48 fiber optic systems from 25 miles (40 kilometers) to 50 miles (80 kilometers) Doubling capacity In 1993, the introduction of Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology at 1533 nm and 1557 nm wavelengths doubled system capacity while maintaining the 80 kilometer reach nm Wavelength Technology 1993 Wave Division Multiplexing Optical Amplifiers 1995 Doubling reach once again while maintaining capacity gains In 1995, the introduction of optical amplifier modules effectively doubled the capacity and reach of OC-48 systems with single spans up to 160 kilometers and supporting the capacity gains of Wave Division Multiplexing as well Achieving a four-fold increase in capacity The new OC-192 network element provides four times the carrying capacity of OC-48 systems plus the gains brought by Wave Division Multiplexing and optical amplifiers. The result is an eight-fold increase in bandwidth, compared to a single-channel OC-48 system. The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 (10 Gb/s) product terminates up to 20 Gb/s of tributary bandwidth, which can be fed as inputs to the high-speed side or can be looped back into other tributaries. On the high-speed side, the OC-192 network element provides full access to all available bandwidth (both working and protection time slots) of linear and bidirectional line switched rings (BLSRs). In addition, the linear OC-192 system can be configured as a route-diversity terminal or regenerator. 5

8 The Most Powerful Transport System Ever In a Single Bay A single seven-foot bay contains the main terminal shelf, environmental control panel, local craft access, fiber management trays, control equipment, and power filters and breakers. Within the main terminal shelf, which occupies about one-third of the bay, a tributary section provides mixed OC-3, OC-12, OC-48 (or STM-1, STM-4, STM-16) tributaries, all with independent protection switching and protection schemes. These tributaries can be from any SONET-compliant network elements, which can be used to carry any number of lower speed tributaries within the bandwidth. Support for concatenated payloads (OC-Nc) ensures compatibility with cell-mapped Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) services in addition to traditional time division multiplexing (TDM)-based traffic. Bay Configured for OC-48 Tributaries Bay with OC-12 Tributaries Architecture is optimized for SONET/SDH tributaries, providing a major network cost advantage over OC-48 systems in various configurations Why OC-192? Why Not Co-locate OC-48 Systems? When service attributes and traffic size exceed more than one or two OC-48 channels of capacity, full bandwidth management across the entire pipe is more efficient on both capital and operations. OC-192 can achieve a better utilization of both the bandwidth available on the line (across the pipe ) as well as provide a better utilization of each tributary interface at end terminals and intermediate nodes. To achieve the same level of utilization with multiple WDM channels requires more extensive use of large cross-connects at the end-points, which cost more on interfaces and cross-connect ports. In short, this new addition to the proven S/DMS TransportNode product family offers a full range of high-capacity SONET and SDH transport solutions for interoffice shorthaul and long-haul applications. Designed in Accordance With Industry Standards The OC-192 product is designed according to industry standards, such as those set by Bellcore, ANSI, ISO, and ITU-T for interoperability in the multi-vendor network. In addition to industry-standard capabilities, the OC-192 product offers many valueadded capabilities that are not currently defined in the standards. When used with other member of the S/DMS TransportNode family, the OC-192 product offers such extras as superior bit error rate performance, access to undefined overhead, and multiple configurations to support a variety of tributary interfaces. These capabilities add value when used in S/DMS TransportNode networks but in no way hinder the use of the OC-192 system in multi-vendor networks. And as industry standards for these capabilities are formalized, Nortel will ensure that the OC-192 architecture supports the industry-standard implementations of these features. 6

9 2 Redefining the Possibilities of Delivering the All-Fiber Network The transport vehicle to... Increase and ensure service performance Continue to reduce capital and operating expenses Increase service velocity Support broadband services While the early 1990s provided SONET routes, asynchronous services were logically and physically terminated at the path layer at each network interfaces. To meet future service requirements, transport networks also must provide bandwidth elasticity (through provisioning of concatenated services on demand), service directionality and asymmetry, and end-to-end transparency. Nortel s S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system achieves this flexibility by providing full 20 Gb/s optical tributary networking (including extra-traffic), STS-1 bandwidth management, and multiple and flexible network configurations. These capabilities provide cost-effective solutions for transporting multimedia services, video broadcast, and voice traffic on a single platform. The OC-192 system is ideally suited for long-haul and urban core areas the Information Superhighways where efficient bandwidth utilization, operational simplicity, and reduced costs are key considerations. This section describes some typical, hypothetical applications for the OC-192 system including the following: As a video trunking backbone, providing transport of television services plus advanced digital services among super headends and mini headends in the hybrid fiber/coax network As a long haul backbone, providing capacity relief for city-to-city routes hundreds of miles long, maximizing the existing fiber plant As a supercomputing backbone, providing high-speed, high-capacity data transport, with premium signal quality for this highly demanding application As an urban core backbone, providing end-to-end network management of a diverse metropolitan S/DMS TransportNode and S/DMS AccessNode network from a single S/DMS Network Manager workstation Turn the page to see how S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 network element can be effectively used for any of these applications. S/DMS Network Manager Operations Systems OC-192 Ring OC-48 Ring OC-12 OC-3 7

10 APPLICATIONS S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 as a Video Trunking Backbone THE SCENARIO Regional Bell Tel has seen its Metropolis market change dramatically in the last five years, and recent market research shows that both urban and suburban areas around Metropolis are primed for an alternative to their present delivery of television programming and ready for the introduction of new services, such as a video game channel and CD-quality stereo channel. Local cable companies have started gearing up to meet this demand by establishing super headends regional input points for programming feeds, satellite feeds, advertising insertion, video on demand, and other services. The need which Regional Bell Tel would like to serve is for cost-effective transport of traditional services and new, advanced digital services among headends. The bottom line has to be a competitive lease rate to the cable companies plus superior reliability and signal quality. Video Production Facilities Commercial Feeds, Video on Demand Super Headend OC-192 Ring Local Content, Ad Insertion Satellite Downlink Sites FM Music, Digital Music, Sega Residential Service Mini Headend THE SOLUTION Metropolis-area video providers have used Nortel s Cornerstone SuperTrunk system to create an advanced super headend that serves as an input point for video on demand, video broadcast, and studio, off-air, advertising, and satellite feeds. Advanced digital services can also be inserted at the super headend for distribution to mini headends, which in turn provide distribution into the access portion of the network. This application uses a SONET Bidirectional Line Switched Ring (BLSR) infrastructure to provide a single, consistent platform for all services. In Metropolis, which shows high demand for video transport service, the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system was seen as the best choice for this video trunking ring. Like other S/DMS TransportNode products, the OC-192 system offers: Unidirectional services A drop and insert capability, so that any sites can be used as an access for studio feeds into the ring Extra traffic for increased bandwidth SONET embedded operations channel, which helps improve network OAM Open, standard, digital interfaces that allow Regional Bell Tel to easily tap into future digital enhancements and services, such as ATM-based (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) switched broadcast networks. The ring could have been created with multiple OC-48 systems serving the super headend sites, but Regional Bell Tel wanted to optimize bandwidth utilization across a larger pipe, not just across each of several smaller pipes. The OC-192 provided the best total efficiency for this high-capacity application. 8

11 APPLICATIONS S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 as a Long Haul Backbone THE SCENARIO With the surge in demand for bandwidth-hungry services, it looks like InterExchange Transport, Inc., is facing a major fiber upgrade for its longhaul routes between Urban and Metro City 300 miles apart and between Urban and Gotham, 140 miles apart. A few years ago, ITE laid out fiber among these cities in OC-48 linear configurations. Already growth in traffic between the three cities has exceeded projections. Now the carrier is faced with a dilemma how to increase capacity to prepare for the demands of broadband services while holding the line on costs in an aggressive competitive environment. URBAN METRO CITY GOTHAM THE SOLUTION Nortel s S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system provided the capacity ITE was looking for, using the carrier s existing fiber plant. The new OC-192 network element provides four times the carrying capacity of its existing OC-48 routes plus the gains brought by Wave Division Multiplexing and optical amplifiers. The result is an eight-fold increase in bandwidth, compared to a singlechannel OC-48 system. The OC-192 network can reach up to 87 miles (140 km) on a single span or up to 225 miles (360 km) on multiple spans through the use of optical line amplifiers on both NDSF (nondispersion-shifted) and DSF (dispersion-shifted) fibers. ITE knew that longer spans can be created by configuring an OC-192 system as a regenerator. For the Urban-to-Metro City route, ITE deployed OC-192 network elements at each end configured as point-to-point terminals and another between the two cities configured as a regenerator, to create the 300-mile span with minimal system gain. The carrier s existing optical amplifiers, which had been put in place for the OC-48 routes, were reused with the new OC-192 network elements to create a 140-mile span between Urban and Gotham. The chief advantage over the OC-48 systems was that more traffic could be pumped through the existing fiber plant, forestalling the day when additional fiber would have to be installed on these longhaul routes. Moreover, the new OC-192 systems were able to work with all their existing SONET network equipment, operations systems, and the S/DMS Network Manager system. 9

12 APPLICATIONS S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 as a Super- Computing Backbone THE SCENARIO West State University and Provincial University have joined forces to create a shared supercomputing environment for teaching and research. Their vision is to enable a researcher at either campus, or at any corporation in the nearby Headquarters Park, to take advantage of the supercomputers at either campus even for massive data manipulations. University MIS administrators know that this vision will not work unless data transfer is reliable and fast. The network is only as good as its availability, the quality of the research results it can transmit, and the timeliness with which it can respond. DataCommTrans, Inc., a network provider specializing in virtual private data networks, wants to provide an effective solution. OC-48 SONET transport would satisfy the present requirements of the supercomputing network, but without a bit of bandwidth to spare for growth or other tributary services. West State University OC-192 THE SOLUTION DataCommTrans did not want to implement a new network that would just barely serve today s requirements. Network engineers investigated deploying an OC-48 system side by side with an OC-48 system, but just couldn t justify the expense of a second set of fiber links between the two university towns. They found the answer in the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system. A single network element at each end provided all the capacity needed for the virtual private supercomputing network with bandwidth to spare for future growth and other revenue-generating services that would help defray the cost of a protected fiber link between the two campuses. With sophisticated end-to-end performance monitoring, forward error correction, and flexible protectionswitching schemes, DataCommTrans was able to offer the university MIS organizations a premium transport solution. Because West State University and Provincial University were only 70 miles apart, no electrical amplifiers or regenerators were required to make the span. And with end-to-end network management throughout the OC-192/OC-48 network from a single Network Manager viewpoint, DataCommTrans is able to maintain the contracted premium grade of service with minimal personnel resources. Provincial University OC

13 APPLICATIONS S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 as an Urban Core Backbone THE SCENARIO Three years ago, the local independent operating company deployed an S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 ring in the greater Metropolis area. Configured for maximum protection, this ring has satisfied the requirements of the city s business and residential population. Now, downtown urban revitalization projects are changing the scene. A waterfront warehouse district is being rebuilt into a city within a city, in which high-powered telecommunications services are being touted by the developers as the ultimate amenity. The new WatersEdge complex will include businesses, clean industry, and luxury apartments. In turn, this development is attracting renewed interest in locating businesses downtown. Suddenly the market has changed, and the established Independent Telcom has to move quickly to take advantage of the new opportunity. With ribboncutting on the new complex only a year away, new network providers are starting to create a new and unfamiliar climate of competition. OC-192 S/DMS Network Manager S/DMS AccessNode OC-48 THE SOLUTION Independent Telcom knew that business as usual wouldn t fit the bill here. The telecommunications offering had to stand out from the offerings of new competitors. However, the new network also had to mesh with their existing network infrastructure and operations systems. The independent network provider selected S/DMS AccessNode systems to provide access in the new WatersEdge community and S/DMS TransportNode systems for transport. Then there was only one logical solution for the highcapacity urban core routes S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 systems would provide end-to-end continuity and visibility of network management, from access all the way to high-capacity transport, from a single Network Manager station. Capitalizing on the public relations and expansion opportunities associated with WatersEdge, Independent Telcom then kicked off a major upgrade program for its Metropolis infrastructure in general. An OC-192 BLSR ring formed the backbone of the new downtown upgrade project. Initially, the OC-192 urban core ring was deployed as an overlay to an existing OC-48 ring. Although a cluster of OC-48 systems could have been used, additional fiber plant would have been required a difficult and costly proposition in this densely built urban area. By using S/DMS TransportNode OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192 and S/DMS AccessNode systems together, Independent Telcom created a diverse network that could be managed costeffectively as one harmonious entity the very advantage it needed to beat its new competition. 11

14 3 An Architecture Intelligently Designed for Today, Ready for Tomorrow 10 Gb/s of working traffic capacity and 10 Gb/s of extra traffic capacity, carried on protection bandwidth Nortel s S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system architecture provides the capacity and flexibility required for integrating multimedia services, video broadcast services, and voice traffic onto a single platform. In addition, the architecture has been designed to support future networking applications, including dense narrowband wave division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, optical switching, higher bit rate time division multiplexing, and ATM tributaries. These capabilities are made possible through a number of key architectural strategies: A modular architecture makes it easy to configure each network element for the specific requirements of each deployment site, without overprovisioning while allowing easy upgrades and expansions as new capacity is needed and new capabilities are developed. Support for a wide range of networking options allows the network provider to deploy OC-192 systems in a choice of linear or self-healing ring arrangements. Sophisticated bandwidth management capabilities at the STS-1 level offer precise and optimal use of available bandwidth a critical costcontainment issue. Typical OC-192 Terminal Configuration 12

15 Major System Components The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 network element is built from modular components: shelves and plug-in circuit packs that make it easy to deploy just the capacity needed today, then expand later as needed. The modular architecture also enables the introduction of significant new developments in the future without changing out the backplane or entire network element. From top to bottom, a typical OC-192 network element includes the following key components: Control Shelf Local Craft Access Panel Supports the breakers and power filtering units for battery connections as well as a number of control units to support the following functionality: External Synchronization Interfaces (and associated interface field) SONET overhead processing Data Communications Channel (DCC) routing Orderwire and data channels Flexible input/output storage Hard drives and tape drives for software download RS-232 and X.25 access ports Dry contacts for parallel telemetry Ethernet 10Base/T and Ethernet Hub ports Provides the user interface for local craft access, such as RS-232 port for VT-100 user terminal, orderwire handset/headset jack, and alarm cut-off switches. Main Terminal Shelf Used in all configurations to support the OC-192 line interfaces as well as OC-48, OC-12, and OC-3 tributary interfaces. The top half of the terminal shelf contains tributary interfaces for OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48 tributaries. The bottom half contains high-speed OC-192 line interfaces. (Additional OC-192 line interfaces can be added in the optional extension shelf, described below.) Optional Extension Shelf Provides additional OC-12 and OC-3 tributaries. Environmental Control Panel Provides fan units used to control the Main Terminal Shelf. (The Control Shelf at the top of the bay is convection-cooled.) 13

16 Service Interfaces Terminating up to 20 Gb/s of Tributary Bandwidth, for Full Flexibility OC-48 OC-12 The Main Terminal Shelf tributary section can support any of the following service mixes: The main terminal shelf can be divided into a line (high-speed) section and a tributary (low-speed section). The high-speed section contains the OC-192 line rate interfaces, which provide high-speed transport, and OC-192 switch modules, which provide protectionswitching and optional bandwidth management functionality. By providing full access to protection channels, a single-bay OC-192 network element can provide up to 20 Gb/s of bandwidth in both linear and two-fiber BLSR configurations. The low-speed section contains tributary interfaces, supporting OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48 tributaries. Ten slots are provided, so the single shelf can support any of the following service mixes: Up to 10 OC-48 circuit packs which occupy the full height of the slot Up to 20 OC-12 circuit packs, which are half the height of the slot and therefore can be stacked two-high Up to 20 OC-3 circuit packs, which are also half-height Any mix of OC-48, OC-12, and OC-3 circuit packs to fill 10 slots OC-3 Mixed An optional second shelf, known as an extension shelf can be mounted in the same bay to support another 10 slots of high-speed or low-speed interfaces. The extension shelf supports up to 20 of the smaller OC-12 or OC-3 packs, or a mix of these service interfaces. The OC-192 system can terminate up to 20 Gb/s of tributary bandwidth allowing for normal traffic and protection channel access. This 20 Gb/s of traffic could come into the network element on a single shelf fully stocked with OC-48 interfaces... or two shelves fully equipped with OC-12 interfaces... or three bays (six shelves) fully equipped with OC-3 interfaces, for example. Mixed optical rates and protection schemes supported in the same shelves 14

17 The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 System Supports a Variety of Networking Configurations S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 network elements can be configured to operate as linear terminals (with 1+1 or 1:N protection schemes) or as a bidirectional two-fiber ring terminal. Point-to-point terminals can be upgraded later to ring or add/drop topologies through simple circuit pack replacement and/or a software download without interrupting service. For enhanced network robustness, the OC-192 protection shelf can be located in a different location from the shelves that are carrying traffic, adding substantial nodal survivability against central office-related failures. OC-192 SYSTEM IN A Linear Network Configuration OC-192 linear terminal systems provide a capacity of up to 20 Gb/s traffic that is, 10 Gb/s of working traffic capacity and 10 Gb/s of extra-traffic capacity. Mixtures of OC-48, OC-12, and OC-3 tributaries are supported, as are mixes of tributary protection schemes for a given tributary type. 1+1 Linear Configuration. In the 1+1 linear system configuration, the OC-192 high-speed signal is permanently bridged onto two transmit optical signals. The two received signals are monitored and compared in order to select the best signal. The high-speed protection switch can be either unidirectional or bidirectional. Because the protection fiber is permanently bridged in this configuration, extra traffic is not supported. 1:1 Linear Configuration. Extra traffic is supported on a 1:1 linear protection scheme, because the head-end signal is not bridged onto the protection fiber until a failure affecting the working fiber is detected. OC-192/STM-64 A B Working tributaries 1:N Linear Configuration. In the OC-192 1:N linear system configuration, one OC-192 standby facility provides protection for N working OC-192 facilities. A separate OC-192 transport platform is associated with each facility. Each platform can terminate a different mix of OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48 tributary interfaces to suit the network requirements. The OC-192 1:N linear terminal system provides a capacity of up to 10 Gb/s of working traffic capacity per high-speed channel and 10 Gb/s of extra-traffic capacity on the protection channel. 15

18 OC-192 SYSTEM IN A Two-Fiber Bidirectional Line Switched Ring OC-192 two-fiber ring systems provide a capacity of up to 20 Gb/s traffic that is, 10 Gb/s of working traffic capacity and 10 Gb/s of extra-traffic capacity. As with the linear configurations, mixtures of OC-48, OC-12, and OC-3 tributaries are supported, along with mixed protection schemes for a given tributary type. OC-192/STM-64 Working and protection tributaries OC-192 SYSTEM AS A Linear Add-Drop Multiplexer Add-Drop Multiplexer. The OC-192 ADM configuration provides a drop capacity of up to 20 Gb/s of working traffic. Mixtures of OC-48, OC-12, and OC-3 tributaries are supported, as are mixtures of protection schemes for a given tributary type (1:4 and 1+1). Adjacent nodes are connected by means of four optical fibers two sets of redundant OC-192 transmit and receive line interfaces assigned to the working and protection channels. Each pair forms a protected span between adjacent ADMs; span switching is supported in the event of equipment failures or partial working fiber cuts. OC-192 SYSTEM AS A Regenerator The OC-192 product can be configured to provide a SONET section layer regenerator function for OC-192 channels. A single shelf supports up to two OC-192 bidirectional channels for linear, ring, or unprotected OC-192 systems. OC-192 / STM-64 OC-192/STM-64 16

19 System Reach of 87 Miles on a Single Span, Further Using Optical Amplifiers The OC-192 network can reach up to 87 miles (140 km) on a single span or further on multiple spans through the use of optical line amplifiers on both NDSF (non-dispersion-shifted) and DSF (dispersion-shifted) fibers (see figures below). Maximize the reach and trafficcarrying capacity of the existing fiber plant. Optical amplifiers maximize the reach and traffic-carrying capacity of the existing fiber plant, a critical cost-containment issue as bandwidth-hungry applications continue to intensify pressure on network resources. In addition, increased optical reach eliminates many regenerator sites, which in turn reduces capital investment for hardware and site real estate. Similar distances can be obtained on NDSF with the use of a dispersion compaction unit (DCU). Short Reach 9 DB SYSTEM GAIN 15 miles (24 km) Medium Reach 23 DB SYSTEM GAIN 50 miles (80 km) Long Reach 34 DB SYSTEM GAIN DCU 87 miles(140 km) Multi-Span Link 23 DB SYSTEM GAIN PER SPAN (NDSF) DCU 50 miles (80 km) 50 miles (80 km) 50 miles (80 km) DCU Multi-Span Link 23 DB SYSTEM GAIN PER SPAN (DSF) 56 miles (90 km) 56 miles (90 km) 56 miles (90 km) 56 miles (90 km) 17

20 By managing bandwidth at the STS-1 level, the OC-192 system can reduce the amount of traffic that needs grooming on crossconnects and reduce overall network cost. Bandwidth Management at the STS-1 Level At one time, the capacity of optical fiber routes seemed almost limitless. Where fiber routes were installed, capacity far exceeded demand, and efficiency of bandwidth utilization was secondary. No more. Today, we have long haul routes carrying more than 20 Gb/s of traffic, and bandwidth efficiency and flexibility are critical. At intermediate sites and hub nodes alike, the OC-192 system provides maximum flexibility for managing and integrating the payloads of voice, data, and video services with the flexibility to reconfigure traffic assignments on demand. The OC-192 platform provides a central point for managing the entire add/drop/passthrough payload at an STS-1 granularity, with performance monitoring capabilities. STS-1 level bandwidth management is essential wherever traffic consolidation is required, such as in core and long-haul areas. This is a key advantage of Time Division Multiplexing across a large pipe over Wave Division Multiplexing. The OC-192 system combines the benefits of fiber savings (similar to multiplexing four wavelengths at OC-48 rate) with full bandwidth management flexibility at the STS-1 level at any node, without having to backhaul the traffic at each end of the network for bandwidth management (through large cross-connects). Remote traffic can terminate directly onto the OC-192 as a tributary instead of a complete network element, and the OC-192 matrix will groom, segregate, and route traffic as needed. 18

21 4 Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM&P) The OC-192 network element is designed to perform with the reliability, and signal quality expected of S/DMS TransportNode systems. In the competitive arena, these qualities must be delivered at attractive rates and reducing operations costs are at the heart of the ability to compete. As a result, maintenance and provisioning procedures, alarm facilities, and other aspects of system operation are designed to maintain peak performance while reducing operation and overhead costs. Fully integrated with other members of the S/DMS TransportNode product family and the powerful S/DMS Network Manager system Industry standard operations interfaces, which may be used concurrently S/DMS Network Manager support for consolidated data, intelligent analysis, and operational integration with other S/DMS products OAM&P Integrated With Other Members of the S/DMS TransportNode Family The OC-192 system fits into the existing S/DMS TransportNode network management architecture and meshes with existing OC-3, OC-12, and OC-48 products to form a truly integrated network managed end-to-end with the same operations systems and interfaces. The integrated OAM&P architecture of the OC- 192 system provides a wealth of information on services, network status, and equipment status. Nortel s industry standard implementation of OAM&P capabilities works smoothly with established SONET transport networks existing operational practices for surveillance, maintenance, and service provisioning. In addition, the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system supports enhanced performance functions to enable end-to-end monitoring of STS path services even when they are optically interconnected at OC-3, OC-12, or OC-48 tributary interface rates. Nortel s OC-192 system is fully supported in S/DMS Network Manager from the start. Nortel s S/DMS Network Manager is a userfriendly, dramatically simplified way to surveil, troubleshoot, provision, and administer S/DMS TransportNode and S/DMS AccessNode networks (see sidebar). Network Manager Nortel's Network Manager simplifies the management of medium to large SONET networks, which can consist of hundreds of mixed, widely separated S/DMS TransportNode and S/DMS AccessNode network elements. Operating on a powerful, graphical workstation, the Network Manager uses a simple hierarchical network map display that shows current status at a glance and allows easy point-and-click access to any subnetwork or shelf-level operations function. Some Key Features... Audible and color indicators of trouble conditions Visual displays of protection switching status and traffic routing Special icons to indicate performance monitoring threshold violations Centralized software updates for network elements and Operations Controllers (OPCs) Centralized equipment inventory tracking, with graphical display of circuit pack fill in a selected shelf VT-100 reach-through access to other types of network elements, such as a DMS-100 switch, consolidating OAM&P for virtually any combination of transport, access, and switching equipment from various suppliers 19

22 End-to-End Network Management Even as the transport network becomes more diverse, more sophisticated, and more powerful, network providers need to simplify and streamline the process of managing the network. To that end, the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system provides the following functions: Central vantage points for end-toend network management across Nortel s entire OC-192/48/12/3 product line Ability to monitor and maintain path end-to-end. A major benefit of TDM (time division multiplexing) over WDM (wave division multiplexing) is the ability to maintain and provide monitoring capability at the service (path) level across the entire network, including at intermediate sites. End-to-end path performance monitoring is not only necessary as a maintenance tool; extensive performance statistics are often required by customers to show tangible evidence of end-to-end service reliability. TCP/IP S/DMS Network Manager CMISE or TL-1 Operations Systems LAN/WAN OC-192 Ring OC-48 Ring OC-12 OC-3 Centralized End-to-End Network Management Using Industry Standard OSs and Nortel s S/DMS Network Manager Capability to communicate and navigate through networks for performance monitoring, administrative tasks (such as remote inventory) and maintenance tasks (such as remote software upgrade) by means of DCC routing capabilities on the network elements Traffic grooming and segregation to allow efficiency of bandwidth utilization. 20

23 Flexibility to interface to various operations systems through TL-1, Q3, and CMISE command sets and protocols. The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 network element supports a full complement of industry-standard operations interfaces, which may be used concurrently. Centralized software upgrades Flexibility to provide conventional and customized service channels (from VF orderwire to full DS-1), including the bridging of tributary network element VF and DCU channels Multiple levels of security and user permissions to access OAM&P functions, allowing network administrators to closely manage authorization to system functions 21

24 5 Customer Support Customer support products and services include round-the-clock telephone technical assistance, warranty and repair services, documentation, and training. Technical Assistance 24-hour-a-day, 7-day-a-week telephone technical support When S/DMS TransportNode customers need emergency or non-emergency technical support, help is as close as the telephone. Nortel s Technical Assistance Service (TAS) hotline provides telephone support that is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, to all authorized field maintenance personnel. In addition to telephone support, TAS personnel are responsible for defining, tracking, and resolving field-reported problems using automated systems problem reporting, alert and escalation, and management. Warranty and Repair Services Warranty coverage for new system components, plus convenient and economical repair service Training programs have been developed in response to specific customer needs S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 network elements are covered by Nortel s one-year warranty for new products. Nortel also provides convenient, economical repair service for OC-192 network elements, which enables customers to exchange defective parts for new or like-new reconditioned parts. Repaired equipment, including spare parts, is warranted for 90 days against defects in material and workmanship. Training In addition to a wide range of available courses on the S/DMS TransportNode system, Nortel's Technical Education Centers in Raleigh, North Carolina, and St. Laurent, Quebec, can prepare customized classroom or on-site training programs by special arrangement. Video and interactive distance learning facilities are available to provide lecture-style courses without travel expense. Hands-on training can be provided at the customer site or at our fully equipped training laboratories. The S/DMS TransportNode Internship Training Program also provides a concentrated two-week training course for senior technical support and maintenance managers. Through interactive classroom discussions and hands-on laboratory exercises, the course explores all aspects of the product life cycle from product conception to manufacturing, through engineering, quality assurance, systems testing, installation, and field maintenance. 22

25 Documentation Technical Documentation This document is intended as a general information resource to help network planners and engineers identify how the S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 network element can be used to provide high-capacity backbone transport for Information SuperHighway applications. More detailed information such as maintenance and provisioning instructions can be found in the suite of Nortel technical publications that are shipped with the product. For more information, contact your regional Nortel representative. Marketing Publications For more information about the S/DMS TransportNode family of products, the following marketing publications and more are available from Nortel s Sales and Marketing Information Center at NORTEL ( ). Cost-Effective SONET Transport Solutions Using S/DMS TransportNode /07-94 Issue 1 S/DMS TransportNode Overview /01-95 Issue 2 S/DMS Network Manager for Transport and Access SONET Networks /08-94 Issue 2 S/DMS TransportNode Matched Nodes /11-94 Issue 1 S/DMS TransportNode TL-1/X.25 Operations Gateway /12-94 Issue 1 Enhancing SONET Networks with the Release 9 S/DMS TransportNode TBM S/DMS TransportNode Extra Traffic and Bandwidth Management Enhancements S/DMS TransportNode Enables End-to-End SONET Digital Video Networks Performance and Inventory Reporting with S/DMS Network Manager Release 4 S/DMS TransportNode First in the Industry to Support OSI Interface Standards S/DMS TransportNode Extends the Reach of SONET Spans with Optical Amplifiers SONET 101 An Introduction to Basic Synchronous Optical Networks /04-95 Issue / /03-95 Issue /06-95 Issue /06-95 Issue /04-95 Issue /10-94 Issue 2 23

26 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms ATM BLSR OC DSF DSU Gb/s LAN NDSF OAM&P OS SDH STS TAS TDM TSA TSI WAN WDM Asynchronous Transfer Mode Bidirectional Line Switched Ring Optical Carrier Dispersion Shifted Fiber Dispersion Compaction Unit Gigabits per Second Local Area Network Non-dispersion Shifted Fiber Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning Operations System Sychronous Digital Hierarchy Synchronous Transport Signal Technical Assistance Services Time Division Multiplexing Time Slot Assignment Time Slot Interchange Wide Area Network Wave Division Multiplexing 24

27 Need Electronic Access? Do you need to cut and paste parts of this document for customer or other presentations? Would you like instant access to Nortel information as soon as it becomes available? This document and dozens of other Nortel marketing and advance-planning documents are available electronically through the NORTEL ONLINE bulletin board. Just call NORTEL to receive the free software that will put you online. DMS, S/DMS, S/DMS AccessNode, and S/DMS TransportNode are trademarks of Northern Telecom. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders. Information subject to change since Nortel reserves the right to make changes, without notice, in equipment design or components as engineering or manufacturing methods may warrant. Product capabilities and availability dates described in this document pertain solely to Northern Telecom marketing activities in the United States and Canada. Availability in other markets may vary. For more information, contact your Northern Telecom representative or call NORTEL ( ). Our Internet World Wide Web home page is at URL Nortel Department X Triangle Parkway Norcross, GA Nortel Department X Trans Canada Highway St. Laurent, Quebec, Canada H4S 1K5 25