Your total SONET transport solution with proven advantages in any network environment

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1 Your total SONET transport solution with proven advantages in any network environment

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3 S/DMS TransportNode Overview Your total SONET transport solution with proven advantages in any network environment AT A GLANCE A single source for leading-edge SONET transport solutions with an installed base well over 27,000 network elements With today s service providers faced with the twin challenges of competition and exploding demand for bandwidth, effective SONET transport solutions are more critical than ever before. Fortunately, service providers can turn to a single source for leadingedge solutions that address everything from rural T1 replacement to high-capacity longhaul backbone routes. That source is the industry-leading Northern Telecom (Nortel) S/DMS TransportNode family of advanced SONET transport products with an unmatched installed base now more than 27,000 network elements strong. S/DMS TransportNode combines unprecedented networking and service flexibility with the capacity, survivability, and bandwidth management features needed by today s telecommunications carriers. And these attributes deliver exceptional value to all types of network operators from local exchange and interexchange carriers to utilities and video/multimedia providers. Supports all standard SONET transport rates and many advanced SONET networking topologies S/DMS TransportNode network elements support all of the standard SONET transport rates OC-3 (155 Mb/s), OC-12 (622 Mb/s), OC-48 (2.488 Gb/s), and OC-192 (10 Gb/s) so you can be assured of the right solution to meet the special needs of each individual application. (Our OC-48 and OC-192 systems were the very first available industry-wide.) We even offer a wireless SONET system to handle isolated nodes where no fiber is available. S/DMS TransportNode network elements can be configured for different SONET networking topologies (see below) as required to achieve the cost containment, reliability, and bandwidth management objectives of the application. Supported SONET Radio Survivable Ring Nodes STS-12 Point-to-Point Terminal Working Path Ring Linear Add/Drop Mux. Optical Hub Spur Routes Tributaries Diverse Route Protection Path Regenerator Optical Amplifiers and Wave Division Multiplexing Support S/DMS TransportNode SONET Network Element Configurations /10-96 Issue 3 October 21, 1996

4 AT A GLANCE configurations include point-to-point terminals, survivable ring nodes, linear add/drop multiplexers (ADMs), optical hubs, regenerators, and optical amplifiers. To address changing needs over time, a network element may be easily and cost-effectively upgraded to a more advanced topology (e.g. from a point-to-point system to a survivable SONET ring) without service interruption. More revenue from existing fiber plant Route and terminate individual STS and VT channels without stranded bandwidth or wasted tributary capacity Integrated, high-quality video/multimedia service interfaces Operations systems may interconnect via consolidated operations gateway interfaces so a costly data communications link is not required for each individual network element Ease-of-use, labor savings, and error prevention Several key S/DMS TransportNode technologies are specifically designed to help service providers realize more revenue from existing fiber plant. Examples include S/DMS TransportNode s extra traffic features, 1:N protection channel sharing, and support for wave division multiplexing (WDM) techniques. Our optical amplifier products extend optical reach, eliminating the need for intermediate nodes in many cases. Also, extended reach spans can help the service provider achieve greater path diversity (and thus greater reliability) along long-haul backbone routes. Flexible, highly granular bandwidth management technology allows mixed synchronous/asynchronous tributary types on a single shelf (e.g. mixed OC-3, DS-1, and DS-3 interfaces on the same OC-3 or OC-12 shelf), reducing the number of network elements required in a typical SONET network. This lowers costs and improves reliability through network simplification. Individual synchronous transport signal (STS) and virtual tributary (VT) channels may be routed and terminated without either stranded bandwidth or wasted tributary capacity. To assure compatibility with cell-mapped Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) services and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) traffic, S/DMS TransportNode supports STS-3c, STS-12c, and STS-48c concatenated payloads. With the advantage of our industry-leading DV-45 video/multimedia product line, S/DMS TransportNode also offers integrated, high-quality service interfaces and support for advanced multimedia applications such as video supertrunking and distance learning. Superior Management Tools for SONET Networks S/DMS TransportNode s flexible operations architecture allows network management to be performed at the shelf, subnetwork, and/or network level as appropriate for the task at hand. Support for industry-standard interfaces assures seamless interworking with existing and next-generation operations systems, while allowing local/remote craft access from an inexpensive data terminal. Operations systems may interconnect via consolidated operations gateway interfaces so a costly data communications link is not required for each individual network element (see diagram on next page). S/DMS TransportNode also permits remote log-in over the SONET overhead channel from one network to another even for network elements of different types (e.g. from a local user interface on an OC-12 shelf to a distant OC- 48 network element). Ease-of-use, labor savings, and error prevention are key attributes for all S/DMS TransportNode operations functions. For example, a service is provisioned on a bidirectional line-switched ring (BLSR) by simply entering the desired service termination points, direction, and a time slot (channel) assignment. Software then automatically sets up the connection without disrupting any other services. ii

5 AT A GLANCE Physical Operations Interfaces RS-232/VT-100 RS-422 X.25 Ethernet/TCP-IP, X-terminal Relay contact inputs and outputs (parallel telemetry) Network-Level Management S/DMS Network Manager Workstation Operations Systems Operations Gateway Interface Wide Area Network (WAN) S/DMS TransportNode Subnetwork S/DMS TransportNode Subnetwork Local and Remote Shelf-Level Management Local and Remote Shelf-Level Management Subnetwork-Level Management (via connection to any shelf) Subnetwork-Level Management (via connection to any shelf) Operations Messaging Protocols TL-1 OSI/CMISE (Q3) TBOS Supported Operations Systems NMA OPS-INE E-telemetry S/DMS TransportNode Operations Overview The ultimate operations tool for advanced SONET networks For powerful, point-and-click operations tools specifically designed for the needs of advanced SONET networks and new services, Nortel offers its best-in-class S/DMS Network Manager operations controller. The user-friendly S/DMS Network Manager provides a single point of operational access for mixed S/DMS family networks that can contain up to 1200 network elements. The S/DMS Network Manager also supports open standards-based Information Networking Architecture (INA) distributed processing technology to allow fast, inexpensive third-party development of application software modules for the specialized needs of individual service providers. iii

6 Features and Benefits Checklists CHECKLISTS Refer to the checklists below for a concise listing of the major features and benefits offered by the S/DMS TransportNode product family. Subsequent sections of this document describe these features and benefits in greater detail. Features Comprehensive, integrated product portfolio including a full line of OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, OC-192, and wireless SONET transport systems Terminal, ring, linear add/drop, hub, and regenerator configurations supported for cost-effective matching to network requirements Multiple self-healing ring architectures including OC-3 unidirectional path switched rings (UPSRs), OC-12/48/192 two-fiber BLSRs, OC-192 fourfiber BLSRs (future), subtending rings, and OC-3 virtual rings Matched nodes capability to assure survivability across multiple interconnected rings Optical amplifier products for extended reach and greater flexibility in OC- 48/192 long-haul networks Mixed synchronous/asynchronous and optical/electrical tributary types available in a single shelf Direct termination of DS-1 tributaries on OC-12 shelves Flexible STS and VT time slot assignment (TSA) technology for efficient routing and termination of lower rate signals without stranded bandwidth or wasted tributary capacity Support for STS-3c and STS-12c concatenated payloads for compatibility with cell-mapped ATM services and SDH STM-1 traffic Video/multimedia service interfaces and broadcast-type service routing for video distribution and other multimedia applications Fiber conservation through protection channel sharing among multiple OC-48/192 systems Extensive support for wave division multiplexing to allow up to an eightfold increase in the traffic carrying capacity of existing fiber Extra traffic features that allow the introduction of new services on existing infrastructure Support for synchronization messaging and ±0.37 ppm holdover timing to assure high quality service in the presence of timing faults Full complement of industry-standard data interfaces for single-ended operations access Superior subnetwork/system-level tools for provisioning and maintenance Best-in-class graphics-based network management tools Easy, in-service upgrades of network element features/software End-of-life bit error rate (BER) performance of or better on OC-48 systems and or better on OC-192 systems Benefits Application flexibility. S/DMS TransportNode offers cost-effective SONET transport solutions ranging from low-density service distribution at the OC-3 rate to high-capacity OC-192 long-haul transmission. Terminal, ring, linear add/drop, hub, and regenerator configurations can be deployed as needed to meet today s cost containment and reliability objectives while allowing for in-service upgrades in the future. Network simplification and capital savings. Flexible STS and VT bandwidth management allows a single shelf to replace complex multiterminal arrangements and the associated redundant signal conversions/ cross connections. Also, traffic can be efficiently packed onto available spans and tributary ports without wasting network resources. This not only lowers costs, but also improves reliability and simplifies engineering, installation and maintenance. DS-1 tributaries may be directly terminated on an OC-12 shelf, eliminating subtending M13/STS-1/OC-3 multiplexers. Enhanced survivability. Route diversity, self-healing rings, matched nodes, and superior synchronization features all lead to fewer costly service disruptions and less down time. In place of expensive emergency restoral measures, facility and equipment troubles can be addressed on a routine maintenance basis. More traffic on existing fiber. Protection channel sharing, WDM, and support for extra traffic dramatically increase the traffic carrying capacity of existing fiber cable without new investment in fiber plant. Improved craft productivity. Easy-to-use subnetwork/system-level operations functions (such as the Connection Manager provisioning tool) provide substantial time and labor savings while eliminating errors associated with node-by-node provisioning and maintenance. Seamless OS interworking. S/DMS TransportNode contains network operations costs through seamless interworking with current and nextgeneration operations systems. Remote network element log-in from any network location is fully supported, even among network elements of different types. Revenue enhancement. S/DMS TransportNode offers a high-capacity, survivable infrastructure for new/emerging services such as video supertrunking and ATM. Service providers deploying S/DMS TransportNode today are in an ideal position to exploit new revenue opportunities as customer demand accelerates in the near future. Extra traffic features offer an additional avenue for revenue enhancement. Proven reliability. With a rapidly growing installed base equivalent to tens of millions of DS-1s, S/DMS TransportNode s field performance to date surpasses industry availability standards. S/DMS TransportNode has been deployed successfully in virtually every type of application environment including local exchange, interexchange, public utility, video transport, high-speed data, and enterprise networks. iv

7 What About SDH? SDH SDH too! A truly global product family, S/DMS TransportNode supports both international standards Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) that define synchronous transmission over optical fiber. Thus, in addition to our network elements that operate at the OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192 SONET line rates, we also offer a complete portfolio of SDH transport products from STM-1 to STM-64 systems. While this document is directed primarily at network planners, engineers, managers, and marketers within North America, your Nortel representative would be pleased to provide detailed product and application information pertaining to our SDH products. Note that our SONET systems handle concatenated payloads so they can transport STS-1/STM-4 traffic between distant SDH gateway sites. v

8 What s New in Issue 3 WHAT S NEW This issue of the S/DMS TransportNode Overview updates Issue 2 and incorporates important new information to reflect the latest enhancements to the S/DMS TransportNode SONET product family. Major highlights of Issue 3 include product details on: Our new OC-3 Express platform Our new OC-192 system An expanded portfolio of optical amplifier options New video/multimedia service interfaces available in our DV-45 product line Section 1 of this document provides a short introduction to the S/DMS TransportNode family of products, followed by representative applications in Section 2. Sections 3 through 9 cover in greater detail each of the major platforms that make up the S/DMS TransportNode family. The S/DMS TransportNode operations architecture is explained in Section 10 with a brief introduction to our S/DMS Network Manager operations controller following in Section 11. The appendices at the end of this publication contain valuable tutorial information on key SONET networking technologies such as self-healing rings. A complete table of contents and subject index have been included in Issue 3 to help you find the information you are most interested in. Talk to your Nortel representative today For More Information Please contact your Nortel representative for additional details on specific S/DMS TransportNode features, products, and technologies. Your Nortel representative would be pleased to work with you to develop unique network solutions that not only meet your current needs, but also provide unmatched value for years to come. Also, refer to Section 13 for additional helpful S/DMS TransportNode publications, available by calling our sales and marketing information center at NORTEL ( ). If you would like to comment on this document, just complete the attached reply form or send us an addressed to: nortel_mrktngpubs@nt.com You can obtain an electronic version of this document by visiting our Broadband Networks home page at Our electronic publications are compatible with Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX systems. vi

9 Contents S/DMS TransportNode Overview... i Superior Management Tools for SONET Networks... ii Features and Benefits Checklists... iv What About SDH?... v What s New in Issue 3... vi For More Information... vi 1 Meet the Family... 1 OC-3 Express Highlights... 2 OC-12 Transport Bandwidth Manager Highlights... 3 OC-48 Network Element Highlights... 3 OC-192 Network Element Highlights... 4 Optical Amplifier Highlights and WDM Support... 5 SONET Radio Highlights... 6 DV-45 Digital Video Codec Highlights... 6 S/DMS Network Manager Highlights Applications and Network Solutions Using Existing Fiber Infrastructure to Support New Services What is Extra Traffic? OC-48/192 1:N Protection Channel Sharing with Extra Traffic Extra Traffic on OC-48/192 Rings Wave Division Multiplexing Option Transporting Survivable Business Services Complete Portfolio of Survivability Solutions Matched Node Inter-Ring Gateways Virtual OC-3 UPSRs Video Supertrunking What is Video Supertrunking? Contain Costs While Modernizing Your Network Service Quality Only Digital Technology Can Provide vii

10 Contents Assured Availability Complete Service Flexibility for Maximum Revenue Potential Superior Manageability Multimedia Services Networks What are Multimedia Services Networks? Full Support for ATM Transport Interfaces Multimedia Services Network Topologies Reaching Beyond Classroom Walls With Distance Learning S/DMS TransportNode BLSR Distance Learning Solutions Distance Learning Network Building-Blocks High-Speed Data Transport S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 BLSRs for High-Speed Data Transport ATM Payloads LAN Implementation Strategies Using ATM Enhancing SONET Networks with Optical Amplifiers S/DMS TransportNode s Optical Amplifier Portfolio OC-3 Express OC-3 Express Packaging OC-3 Express Tributary Support OC-3 Optical Performance Industry-Leading Bandwidth Management Technology Subtending Rings from the OC-3 Express OC-3 Express Synchronization Features OC-3 Express Operations Interfaces OC-3 Express Interoperability Service Turn-Up Velocity OC-12 Transport Bandwidth Manager OC-12 TBM Packaging TBM Tributary Support OC-12 Optical Performance TBM Bandwidth Management Features viii

11 Contents Bandwidth Management Advantages in Small-City Networks TBM Synchronization TBM Operations Interfaces TBM Interoperability OC-48 Network Element OC-48 Network Element Packaging OC-48 Network Element Tributary Support OC-48 Optical Performance Bandwidth Management Features Supported by OC-48 Systems Synchronizing OC-48 Systems Operations Interfaces Supported by OC-48 Systems OC-48 Interoperability OC-192 Network Element OC-192 Network Element Packaging OC-192 Network Element Tributary Support OC-192 Optical Performance OC-192 Bandwidth Management Synchronizing OC-192 Systems Operations Interfaces Supported by OC-192 Systems OC-192 Interoperability A Truly Global Platform Optical Amplifiers High Performance Transmitter (HPTx) Module Optical Line/Post Amplifier Bidirectional Optical Line Amplifier (BiOLA) Multi-Wavelength Optical Repeater (MOR) Upgrading OC-192 Ready Optically Amplified Systems Optical Amplifier Packaging SONET Radio SONET Radio Packaging Advanced SONET Radio Performance Features ix

12 Contents SONET Radio Operations Interfaces SONET Radio Interoperability DV-45 Digital Video Codec DV-45 Packaging DV-45 Service Interface Portfolio DV-45 Trunk-Side Interfaces DV-45 Operations Interfaces S/DMS TransportNode Operations Architecture Shelf-Level Operations Features Subnetwork-Level Operations Features Connection Manager Provisioning Tool Consolidated Subnetwork Alarm/Event Reporting Centralized, Subnetwork-Level Software Management Centralized Security Administration Network-Level Operations Using the S/DMS Network Manager Network-Wide Operations Access Multi-Vendor Data Communications Interoperability Operations System Support S/DMS Network Manager Point-and-Click Network Management Scalable Architecture for Efficient Management of any S/DMS Family Network A Single Point of Operational Access Multiple S/DMS Network Manager Applications S/DMS Network Manager Security Features Support for INA Distributed Processing and the TMN Model Support Services Network Planning Consulting Services for Installation Planning Technical Assistance Services Warranty and Repair Services Service and Support Plans x

13 Contents Basic Service and Support Plan Enhanced Service and Support Plan Premier Plan User Training Internship Training Health Checks Broadband Networks Display Vehicle References Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix A, SONET Networking Topologies Point-to-Point Terminal :N Protection Channel Sharing Linear Add/Drop Multiplexer An Introduction to Self-Healing SONET Rings Subtending Rings Folded Rings Optical Hubbing Regenerators Appendix B, Understanding OC-3 UPSRs UPSR Operation Support for Virtual Rings Appendix C, Understanding Two-Fiber BLSRs The Two-Fiber BLSR Architecture Allocation of Bandwidth Service Delivery via a Two-Fiber BLSR Automatic Healing of Failed or Degraded Optical Spans Rerouting of Pass-Through Traffic During Node Failures Capacity Advantages of Two-Fiber BLSRs Synergies with ATM Transporting Extra Traffic on BLSRs xi

14 Contents Appendix D, Understanding Four-Fiber BLSRs Capacity Advantages of Four-Fiber BLSRs Span Protection Switching Four-Fiber BLSR Ring Protection Switching Appendix E, Understanding Matched Nodes Survivable Service Interconnections Between Rings Appendix F, Wave Division Multiplexing Wideband WDM Narrowband WDM Dense WDM Appendix G, Using SONET Rings to Manage Bandwidth in Small-City Networks Bandwidth Management Solutions Based on OC-12 BLSRs Index xii

15 1 Meet the Family Very broad application range The S/DMS TransportNode product family offers cost-effective SONET transport solutions for a very broad range of applications from low-capacity service distribution to high-capacity long-haul backbone routes. The product line s versatility stems, in large part, from support for all standard SONET transport rates (OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, OC-192), multiple advanced networking topologies (self-healing rings, linear add/drop, optical hubbing, 1:N protection channel sharing), and mixed tributary types across the entire family. Our industry-leading OC-192 (10 Gb/s) systems are ideal for ultra high-capacity/ high-growth backbone routes and interoffice spans in urban core areas. Other highcapacity applications can be addressed by our proven OC-48 (2.488 Gb/s) product line. OC-12 (622 Mb/s) configurations provide ample bandwidth for many feeder routes, medium capacity interoffice spans, and high-density access applications. Our flexible OC-3 Express product offers superior 155-Mb/s transport and bandwidth management solutions for low-capacity access environments. An integrated product family Bandwidth insurance OAM&P integration too A truly integrated product family, S/DMS TransportNode network elements can be combined in an almost unlimited number of ways to achieve the exact configuration required for a specific application need. For example, a combined dual-shelf OC-48/ OC-12 terminal arrangement permits DS-1 tributaries to be mapped into an OC-48 payload (along with other tributary types if desired). Similarly, adding a subtending DV-45 Digital Video Codec furnishes the necessary video and audio interfaces for a multimedia application. S/DMS TransportNode offers the advantage of bandwidth insurance since an additional S/DMS TransportNode building-block can easily be added to an existing configuration without interrupting service when required to achieve a higher optical line rate or additional tributary interfaces. Where fiber span resources are nearing exhaustion, more wavelengths may be added to multiply the traffic carrying capacity of existing fiber. S/DMS TransportNode also offers extensive integration in the critically important areas of operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P). Our easy-to-use S/DMS Network Manager provides a single point of operational access for an entire network that can consist of hundreds of mixed S/DMS family network elements. Additionally, shelf-level and subnetwork-level operations functions for one type of network element (e.g. an OC-12 shelf) may be accessed remotely from a network element of a different type (e.g. an OC-48 system). The major product lines that make up the S/DMS TransportNode family are: OC-3 Express OC-48 network elements OC-12 Transport Bandwidth OC-192 network elements Manager (TBM) 1

16 Optical amplifiers DV-45 Digital Video Codec SONET Radio S/DMS Network Manager Subsequent pages of this section provide highlights for each of the above product lines. Later sections cover additional important product attributes such as bandwidth management features, tributary support, operations interfaces, synchronization options, and bay layouts. Refer to the appendices at the end of this document for supplemental information pertaining to key technologies that underlie various S/DMS TransportNode features. OC-3 Express Highlights The S/DMS TransportNode OC-3 Express is an exceptionally cost-effective SONET transport vehicle for low to moderate capacity access environments. It offers an especially attractive solution for the vast majority of access networks where mixed voice and data traffic from multiple carrier serving areas (CSAs) terminates at a central office hub. The economic advantages of the OC-3 Express extend equally to urban, suburban, and rural business/residential applications. Physical View OC-3 OC-3 Express The OC-3 Express may be configured as a point-to-point terminal, unidirectional path switched ring (UPSR) node, linear add/drop multiplexer, or optical hub. It supports mixed DS-1, DS-3, STS-1, and OC-3 tributaries with no bandwidth limitations. Unparalleled VT and STS layer bandwidth management technology permits numerous advanced capabilities such as full-fill OC-3 tributaries, subtending UPSRs, and tributary-totributary hairpinning. Most applications can be addressed with minimal reliance on adjunct cross-connect facilities and similar equipment. Compact and environmentally hardened, the OC-3 Express is designed to fit easily in a wide range of outside plant cabinets, huts, and controlled environment vaults (CEVs). It can also be placed in an equipment room bay, freestanding cabinet, or wallmount adapter located within a business customer building. Fast, easy engineering, ordering, and system turn-up are additional key features offered by the OC-3 Express. After submitting a simple ordering form, the service provider generally receives the desired equipment within 48 hours. Installation and turn-up can be accomplished quickly since the self- Functional View contained OC-3 Express eliminates the need for external circuit breaker panels, cooling units, fiber storage trays, optical attenuators, and software installation procedures. DS-1s DS-3s STS-1s OC-3s Please refer to Section 3 for more information on our OC-3 Express network element. 2

17 Physical View DS-1s OC-12 Transport Bandwidth Manager Highlights The S/DMS TransportNode OC-12 TBM is a versatile SONET network element that cost-effectively addresses numerous applications in both access networks and medium capacity interoffice routes. Because it supports the self-healing two-fiber bidirectional line switched ring (BLSR) architecture, the TBM offers an ideal solution for access or interoffice environments having heavy DS-1 traffic demand in a distributed pattern. For example, a TBM-based BLSR easily provides survivable interconnection between multiple corporate campus settings and two or more serving central offices. OC/STS-12 OC-12 TBM DS-3s STS-1s OC-3s Functional View In addition to a BLSR node, the TBM shelf may be configured as a point-to-point terminal, linear add/drop multiplexer, optical hub, or diverse route regenerator. Matched node inter-ring gateways are also supported, for survivable transport of services passing to an interconnecting ring (e.g. an OC-3 Express UPSR or OC-48/192 BLSR). The TBM supports mixed DS-1, DS-3, STS-1, and OC-3/3c tributaries, all of which terminate directly on the TBM shelf. Thus, unlike conventional OC-12 products, the TBM eliminates the need for subtending network elements (e.g. M13 multiplexers) when providing DS-1 interfaces. Bandwidth management may be performed in either the VT or STS layer, with the former offering major benefits in the areas of network simplification, cost savings, bandwidth/resource efficiency, and network reliability. The TBM is environmentally hardened for use in the outside plant or within customer buildings. For customer premises environments, Nortel offers a special freestanding cabinet configuration known as the Fiber Transport Inside Plant (FTIP) package. Please refer to Section 4 for more information on the S/DMS TransportNode OC-12 Transport Bandwidth Manager network element. OC-48 Network Element Highlights S/DMS TransportNode s OC-48 product line furnishes high-capacity SONET transport solutions for long-haul backbone routes and interoffice spans in urban core areas. OC-48 shelves are also deployed with OC-192 systems to provide DS-3 and STS-1 interfaces in ultra high-capacity 10 Gb/s applications. Guaranteed end-of-life bit error rate (BER) performance is an industry-leading or better. Supported OC-48 Network Element configurations include point-to-point terminals, 1:N protection channel sharing terminals, two-fiber BLSRs, optical hubs, and regenerators. Linear add/drop topologies are addressed as well using either a folded (i.e. non-route diverse) BLSR or back-to-back terminals. For survivable transport of services passing to an interconnecting ring, OC-48 BLSR nodes may be 3

18 configured as matched node inter-ring gateways. Advanced features such as protection channel sharing, extra traffic, and multiple wavelength options enable the service provider to realize maximum revenue potential from currently installed fiber. Up to 10 Gb/s equivalent fiber span capacity can be achieved through a four-wavelength wave division multiplexing (WDM) configuration. A common OC-48 Network Element shelf handles all point-topoint terminal, two-fiber BLSR, and optical hubbing requirements with a compact, optimized OC-48 Regenerator/Optical Amplifier shelf available to provide extended reach on longhaul routes. The latter shelf type can be configured as either an OC-48 regenerator network element or as an optical amplifier housing (or both). Physical View DS-3s OC/STS-48 OC-48 Network Element STS-1s OC/STS-12s OC-3s Functional View S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 terminals and ring nodes support mixed DS-3, STS-1, OC-3/3c, and OC/STS-12/12c tributaries, with DS-1 tributaries also possible through the addition of a subtending TBM or OC-3 Express shelf. Bandwidth is efficiently managed with STS-1 granularity, thereby eliminating stranded capacity in fiber spans and wasted tributary ports. S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 systems also offer unidirectional drop-and-continue routing of STS-1 channels, an ideal bandwidth management feature for video broadcast/multimedia applications such as video supertrunking and distance learning. In these environments, an S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 BLSR provides a survivable, unidirectional digital transport infrastructure, while Nortel s DV-45 Digital Video Codec furnishes the required broadcastquality or network-quality analog video and audio interfaces. Please refer to Section 5 for more information on our S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 product line. OC-192 Network Element Highlights Nortel s leading-edge OC-192 system offers ultra high-capacity solutions for longhaul backbones and congested urban environments. It can provide an especially cost-effective alternative to multiple OC-48 overlay systems that would otherwise be required to meet very heavy traffic demand. And this expanded capacity does not come at the expense of service quality. A built-in forward error correction (FEC) option permits virtually error-free transmission (10 15 BER) that can handle even the most demanding service quality objectives. The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system may be configured as either a point-topoint terminal/optical hub or regenerator today with a wide range of advanced SONET networking topologies supported in future software releases. Examples include 1:N protection channel sharing terminals, two-fiber BLSRs, four-fiber BLSRs, matched nodes, subtending rings, and linear add/drop multiplexers. Protection chan- 4

19 nel sharing, along with other important features such as extra traffic and support for up to eight-wavelength WDM (up to 80 Gb/s equivalent fiber span capacity), allow the service provider to get the most from currently installed fiber. Physical View OC-3s OC-192 OC-192 Network Element OC-12s (Future) OC/STS-48s A common bay supports all network element configurations. As with our OC-48 systems, the OC-192 platform may be deployed in conjunction with Nortel s optical amplifier products (see below) to achieve extended system reach with minimal use of regenerators. The S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 system supports mixed tributaries up to the equivalent of STS-384 total bandwidth. OC/STS-48 tributaries are available today with OC-3/12 tributaries planned for a future software release. DS-1, DS-3, and STS-1 interfaces are also possible through the addition of S/DMS TransportNode s lower speed (OC-3/12/48) shelves. Functional View A built-in, protected STS switching matrix enables flexible bandwidth management features such as STS-1 time slot assignment (TSA) and hairpinning (future). These capabilities are the key to efficient use of bandwidth and reduced reliance on external cross-connect facilities. Planned unidirectional drop-and-continue routing of STS-1 channels facilitates video broadcast and other multimedia applications. Please refer to Section 6 for more information on Nortel s S/DMS TransportNode OC-192 product line. Optical Amplifier Highlights and WDM Support Nortel s S/DMS TransportNode family incorporates a large portfolio of optical amplifier products to extend the reach of OC-48 and OC-192 systems on long-haul routes. Through prudent deployment of optical amplifiers, service providers can significantly reduce capital equipment costs by minimizing the need for regenerators and intermediate sites between service terminating locations. Also, the longer maximum span lengths afforded by optical amplifiers can lead indirectly to greater flexibility in network design and a higher level of route diversity. Physical View OC-48/192 OC-48/192 Functional View In a single-hop, single-wavelength application, system reach may be extended to a maximum of 38 db (approximately 160 km or 100 miles) using an optical amplifier plug-in at each end of the span. Even greater reach is possible by deploying a multi-hop configuration. For example, an OC-48 singlewavelength system reach of 115 db (approximately 460 km or 286 miles) can be achieved using cascaded optical amplifiers on a five-hop route. S/DMS TransportNode s optical amplifier products in conjunction with multiple wavelength OC-48/192 optics also support bidirectional wave division multiplexing arrangements 5

20 to permit extended reach in combination with dramatically increased fiber span capacity in the same application. In an OC-192 WDM configuration for instance, system reach can be extended to 100 db (approximately 400 km or 249 miles) in a five-hop, eight-wavelength optically amplified arrangement that increases capacity eightfold (equivalent to 80 Gb/s line rate). Please refer to Section 7 for more information on our S/DMS TransportNode optical amplifier product line. WDM is described in greater detail in Appendix F. SONET Radio Highlights S/DMS TransportNode s SONET Radio is a long-haul digital microwave radio system that provides a protected SONET STS-12 interface for interworking with other S/DMS TransportNode products. It offers an ideal wireless SONET solution Two 40-MHz Radio Channels in 4-GHz Band (each direction) SONET Radio for environments with difficult terrain and for interconnecting isolated SONET networks where no fiber is available. Advanced 512-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) technology places an entire STS-12 SONET payload into two 40-MHz channels within the 4-GHz microwave band, yielding a spectral efficiency of 8 b/s per Hz. In North America, SONET Radio systems are generally referred to as SONET Radio 4/40 to reflect 4-Ghz operation and 40-MHz channels. An SDH Radio X/40 version (operating at 5 or 6 GHz) is also available to support SDH applications outside North America. Physical View STS-12 Functional View SONET Radio bays may be configured as either terminals or regenerators, with 1:N frequency diversity protection switching and space diversity antenna ports assuring a high degree of survivability. Up to six bays (12 40-MHz channels) can be grouped together to form a single terminal having up to 1:11 frequency diversity protection. A SONET Radio terminal s protected STS-12 interface may interconnect with an S/DMS TransportNode OC-12/48/192 network element as needed to obtain the desired service terminations and network topology. For example, interconnecting with a TBM shelf configured as a linear add/drop multiplexer provides local DS-1, DS-3, STS-1, and OC-3 terminations while simultaneously passing traffic to remote sites along a fiber route. Please refer to Section 8 for more information on Nortel s SONET Radio systems. DV-45 Digital Video Codec Highlights The industry-leading DV-45 Digital Video Codec is the video and multimedia element of the S/DMS TransportNode family. It provides two-way conversion between a variety of multimedia signal types (mostly analog) and a standard DS-3 digital trunk-side interface. The DS-3 trunk-side port is typically connected to a local S/DMS TransportNode shelf (e.g. an OC-12 TBM) to allow reliable, highquality digital transport of multimedia services to remote sites in applications such 6

21 as video supertrunking and distance learning. Alternatively, the DV-45 may be configured with integrated OC-3 optics for direct interworking with equipment at a remote location without the expense of a collocated transport shelf. Physical View DS-3 OC-3 DV-45 Digital Video Codec RS-422/ MPEG2 Network-quality NTSC video Broadcast-quality NTSC video Programmable-quality NTSC video with efficient MPEG2 coding Digital component video High-quality multi-channel audio BTSC audio Digital component audio FM stereo radio CD-quality music (DMX ) SEGA game channel Synchronous/asynchronous data Functional View The DV-45 s unique technology is based on a powerful assortment of interchangeable plug-in modules that may be combined within the DV-45 shelf in many different ways to obtain the desired mix of service interfaces. Service possibilities include: Network-quality NTSC (National Television Systems Committee) video with high-quality multi-channel (15 khz) audio Broadcast-quality NTSC video with high-quality multichannel audio Programmable-quality NTSC video with bandwidth efficient MPEG2 (Motion Picture Experts Group 2) coding and high-quality (20 khz) multi-channel audio NTSC video with BTSC (Broadcast Television Systems Committee) audio D1 digital component video Digital component audio FM stereo radio CD-quality DMX (Digital Music Express) music SEGA game channel Synchronous/asynchronous data channels (for combined video/audio/data applications such as distance learning) For MPEG2 video applications, the DV-45 also offers an RS- 422 trunk-side interface (input or output) for interconnection with other digital video processing equipment or ATM-based transport network elements such as the Nortel Service Access Mux (NSAM). Please refer to Section 9 for more information on Nortel s innovative DV-45 Digital Video Codec product line. S/DMS Network Manager Highlights The S/DMS Network Manager offers a cost-effective and resource efficient integrated management solution for mixed S/DMS TransportNode, AccessNode, and Cornerstone Voice networks that can contain up to 1200 individual network elements. Unlike traditional operations tools, it is specifically designed to address the operational needs of advanced SONET networks and new services. And the S/DMS Network Manager delivers unparalleled value to all types of network operators, from local exchange and interexchange carriers to utilities and video providers. 7

22 S/DMS Network Manager Workstation All network management functions are accessible through a simple point-and-click user interface including: Graphical network surveillance and alarm reporting Connection management (service provisioning) and service assurance BLSR traffic analysis Performance monitoring Inventory reporting and shelf-level graphic displays Remote network element software management An easy-to-read hierarchical network map display shows WAN current status in a single glance and allows point-and-click access to any subnetwork, system, or shelf-level operations function as desired. Trouble conditions are displayed in real time using color highlighting to indicate severity. Special performance monitoring threshold crossing indicators provide an early warning of developing troubles before service is affected. Performance histories are also available for proactive analysis of facility performance trends. S/DMS TransportNode Network Elements To aid in the diagnosis of faults on a BLSR, color highlighting dynamically shows the ring s current restoral status and traffic routing. Network elements may be grouped by geography, control area, type, or any other criteria as needed to best accomplish the task at hand. The net result is a userfriendly, dramatically simplified way to monitor, troubleshoot, and manage any SONET network based on S/DMS family network elements. The S/DMS Network Manager also offers the industry s easiest, most trouble-free service provisioning and assurance tool for managing SONET networks. Exclusive features include automatic selection of next available VT/STS channel and tributary port, automatic setup of connections at intermediate nodes along a service path, built-in error checking/prevention, and graphical display of service paths through a selected system. Centralized software management and remote inventory capabilities provide substantial time, labor, and cost savings by allowing network software updates and circuit pack inventories without craft dispatches. Intuitive graphical shelf layout displays show in a single glance current provisioned and/or installed plug-ins as well as shelf-related alarm conditions. Additionally, the S/DMS Network Manager supports open standards-based Information Networking Architecture (INA) distributed processing technology to allow fast, inexpensive third-party development of application software modules for the specialized needs of individual service providers. Please refer to Section 11 for more information on the best-in-class S/DMS Network Manager operations tool. 8

23 Applications and Network Solutions Transporting Survivable Business Services, 15 Video Supertrunking, 17 Multimedia Services Networks, 19 High-Speed Data Transport, 23 Using Existing Fiber Infrastructure to Support New Services, 13 Reaching Beyond Classroom Walls With Distance Learning, 21 Enhancing SONET Networks with Optical Amplifiers, 25

24

25 2 Applications and Network Solutions This section illustrates some of the many ways S/DMS TransportNode network elements can be deployed to help the service provider get the absolute maximum benefit from every dollar invested in fiber plant. S/DMS TransportNode supports all standard SONET transport rates so an optimized solution is always available to meet any level of traffic demand from low-capacity rural access networks to major highcapacity backbone routes. And because S/DMS TransportNode family products are all designed to work together, additional S/DMS TransportNode building-blocks can easily be added in the future without interrupting service to achieve greater bandwidth or expanded tributary capacity. Keys to S/DMS TransportNode s Application Flexibility Support for all standard SONET transport rates (OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192) Unmatched mixed tributary support at every line rate Integrated video and multimedia service interfaces Support for ATM and video broadcast Flexible bandwidth management features Superior service provisioning tools Complete portfolio of self-healing survivability architectures (UPSRs, BLSRs, and matched node gateways) In many situations, S/DMS TransportNode s support for mixed tributary types at each line rate allows a single shelf to replace multiple network elements and cross connections. This advantage cuts capital costs, reduces network complexity, and improves reliability. And if service requirements change over time, the plug-in mix can be easily modified accordingly. The integrated video/multimedia interfaces provided by the DV-45 Digital Video Codec are another S/DMS TransportNode advantage in handling today s more diverse service offerings. S/DMS TransportNode s flexible bandwidth management capabilities assure efficient use (and reuse) of tributary ports and fiber capacity no matter what the application. And support for concatenated payloads provides compatibility with the ATM traffic generated by many high-speed data and multimedia networks. An advanced bandwidth management feature known as drop-and-continue routing is ideal for video broadcast applications. S/DMS TransportNode also offers superior provisioning tools to contain costs associated with the management of bandwidth and tributary hardware. Service survivability has emerged as a key requirement for more and more of today s SONET networking applications carrying voice, data, and/or video/multimedia traffic. Fortunately, S/DMS TransportNode offers a complete portfolio of self-healing route diversity solutions including UPSRs, BLSRs, and matched node inter-ring gateways. The remainder of this section highlights seven representative SONET networking solutions (Table 1) that demonstrate how key advantages offered by the S/DMS TransportNode product family translate into tangible benefits for the service provider. The information pertains to a wide range of different service transport situations and is directed at all types of service providers including local exchange carriers, interexchange carriers, utilities, and cable TV companies. 11

26 Table 1. Example S/DMS TransportNode Applications Application or Network Solution Demonstrated Benefit Page Number Using Existing Fiber Infrastructure to Support New Services S/DMS TransportNode s extra traffic features offer opportunities for revenue enhancement without investment in additional fiber plant 13 Transporting Survivable Business Services S/DMS TransportNode s self-healing architectures can be employed to provide key business customers with assured survivability for mission critical services 15 Video Supertrunking S/DMS TransportNode s OC-48/192 BLSR architecture offers an ideal infrastructure for distribution of cable television and multimedia services 17 Multimedia Services Networks S/DMS TransportNode can provide a complete transport solution for nextgeneration ATM-based multimedia networks 19 Distance Learning S/DMS TransportNode offers optimum solutions for high-quality distance learning networks 21 High-Speed Data Transport An S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 self-healing ring can provide an excellent infrastructure for next-generation high-speed WANs 23 Enhancing SONET Networks with Optical Amplifiers The extended reach provided by S/DMS TransportNode s optical amplifier products lowers capital costs and permits greater flexibility in network design 25 For assistance in determining how S/DMS TransportNode can address the special transport requirements of your network, please contact your Nortel representative. 12

27 Using Existing Fiber Infrastructure to Support New Services While service providers are always pleased to introduce new services as a strategy for realizing additional revenue and better serving their customers, predicting customer acceptance can be difficult. The popularity of some new services may exceed expectations right from the start, but others may require several years before reaching the break-even point. The critical issue thus becomes: How much capital should be invested in a given new service opportunity and at what point in time should that investment be made? Extra traffic provides additional transport infrastructure for new services without further investment in fiber plant S/DMS TransportNode allows additional traffic to be place on the protection facilities of OC-48 1:N protection channel sharing configurations, OC-48 self-healing BLSRs, and all OC-192 systems One way to facilitate the introduction of new services is through the extra traffic features offered by S/DMS TransportNode OC-48 and OC-192 systems. These features provide additional transport infrastructure for new services such as Internet access and distance learning without further investment in fiber plant. And they are an especially valuable tool for deferring an investment decision until after the completion of a market trial phase. What is Extra Traffic? Extra traffic refers to the ability to exploit the normally idle protection bandwidth built into today s point-to-point and self-healing ring SONET networks as shown in Figure 1 below. Although this bandwidth must necessarily be reserved to assure survivability, most of the time it is unused and fully capable of supporting highquality services. S/DMS TransportNode allows additional traffic to be place on the protection facilities of OC-48 1:N protection channel sharing configurations, OC-48 self-healing BLSRs, and all OC-192 systems. While the unprotected nature of extra traffic may first appear to seriously diminish its value, several factors can substantially lessen (or completely offset) the impact of OC-48/192 1:N Protection Channel Sharing Configuration Protected Traffic Protected Traffic Internet Extra Traffic Shared Protection Channel Cross-Connect Option Extra Traffic Extra Traffic Extra Traffic Internet Protected Traffic Protection Bandwidth Protected Traffic Distance Learning Network OC-48/192 BLSR Distance Learning Network S/DMS TransportNode OC-48/192 Network Element Figure 1. Transporting Internet and Distance Learning Services as Extra Traffic 13