Introduction to Local and Wide Area Networks

Transcription

1 Introduction to Local and Wide Area Networks Lecturers Amnach Khawne Jirasak Sittigorn Chapter 1 1

2 Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 : OSI Network Layer Chapter 6 : Addressing the Network IPv4 Chapter 11 : Configuring and Testing Your Network Chapter 1 2

3 OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals Chapter 5 Chapter 1 3

4 Objectives Identify the role of the Network Layer, as it describes communication from one end device to another end device Examine the most common Network Layer protocol, Internet Protocol (IP), and its features for providing connectionless and best-effort service Understand the principles used to guide the division or grouping of devices into networks Understand the hierarchical addressing of devices and how this allows communication between networks Understand the fundamentals of routes, next hop addresses and packet forwarding to a destination network Chapter 1 4

5 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Define the basic role of the Network Layer in data networks Chapter 1 5

6 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Identify the basic characteristics ti and the role of the IPv4 protocol Chapter 1 6

7 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Describe the implications for the use of the IP protocol as it is connectionless Chapter 1 7

8 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Describe the implications for the use of the IP protocol as it is considered an unreliable protocol Chapter 1 8

9 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Describe the implications for the use of the IP as it is media independent Chapter 1 9

10 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Describe the role of framing in the Transport Layer and explain that segments are encapsulated as packets Chapter 1 10

11 Network Layer Protocols and Internet t Protocol (IP) Identify the major header fields in the IPv4 protocol and describe each field's role in transporting packets Chapter 1 11

12 Grouping Devices into Networks and Hierarchical Addressing List several different reasons for grouping devices into sub-networks and define several terms used to identify the sub-networks Chapter 1 12

13 Grouping Devices into Networks and Hierarchical Addressing List several ways in which h dividing idi a large network can increase network performance Chapter 1 13

14 Grouping Devices into Networks and Hierarchical Addressing List several ways in which h dividing idi a large network can increase network security Chapter 1 14

15 Grouping Devices into Networks and Hierarchical Addressing Explain the communication problems that t emerge when very large numbers of devices are included in one large network Chapter 1 15

16 Grouping Devices into Networks and Hierarchical Addressing Describe how hierarchical addressing solves the problem of devices communicating across networks of networks Chapter 1 16

17 Grouping Devices into Networks and Hierarchical Addressing Describe the purpose of further subdividing idi networks into smaller networks Chapter 1 17

18 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Describe the role of an intermediary gateway device in allowing devices to communicate across sub-divided networks Chapter 1 18

19 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Trace the steps of an IP packet as it traverses unchanged via routers from sub network to sub-network Chapter 1 19

20 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Describe the role of a gateway and the use of a simple route table in directing packets toward their ultimate destinations Chapter 1 20

21 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Define a route and its three key parts Chapter 1 21

22 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Describe the purpose and use of the destination network in a route Chapter 1 22

23 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Describe the purpose and use of the next hop in a route Chapter 1 23

24 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Trace the steps of several IP packets as they are routed through several gateways from devices on one sub network to devices on other sub networks Chapter 1 24

25 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Describe the purpose of routing protocols and the need for both static and dynamic routes Chapter 1 25

26 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Explain how routes are manually configured to build routing table Chapter 1 26

27 Fundamentals of Routes, Next Hop Addresses and Packet Forwarding Explain the role of routing protocols in building the routing table Chapter 1 27

28 Summary Chapter 1 28

29 Addressing the Network IPv4 Network Fundamentals Chapter 6 Chapter 1 29

30 Objectives Explain the structure t IP addressing and demonstrate t the ability to convert between 8-bit binary and decimal numbers. Given an IPv4 address, classify by type and describe how it is used in the network Explain how addresses are assigned to networks by ISPs and within networks by administrators Determine the network portion of the host address and explain the role of the subnet mask in dividing networks. Given IPv4 addressing information and design criteria, calculate the appropriate addressing components. Use common testing utilities to verify and test network connectivity and operational status of the IP protocol stack on a host. Chapter 1 30

31 IP Addressing Structure Describe the dotted d decimal structure t of a binary IP address and label its parts Chapter 1 31

32 IP Addressing Structure Describe the general role of 8-bit binary in network addressing and convert 8-bit binary to decimal Chapter 1 32

33 IP Addressing Structure Practice converting 8-bit binary to decimal Chapter 1 33

34 IP Addressing Structure Convert decimal to 8-bit binary Chapter 1 34

35 IP Addressing Structure Practice converting decimal to 8-bit binary Chapter 1 35

36 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Name the three types of addresses in the network and describe the purpose of each type Chapter 1 36

37 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Determine the network, broadcast and host addresses for a given address and prefix combination Chapter 1 37

38 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Name the three types of communication in the Network Layer and describe the characteristics of each type Chapter 1 38

39 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Identify the address ranges reserved for these special purposes in the IPv4 protocol Chapter 1 39

40 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Define public address and private address Chapter 1 40

41 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Describe the purpose of several special addresses Chapter 1 41

42 Classify and Define IPv4 Addresses Identify the historic i method for assigning i addresses and the issues associated with the method Chapter 1 42

43 Assigning Addresses Explain the importance of using a structured t process to assign IP addresses to hosts and the implications for choosing private vs. public addresses Chapter 1 43

44 Assigning Addresses Explain how end user devices can obtain addresses either statically through an administrator or dynamically through DHCP Chapter 1 44

45 Assigning Addresses Explain which h types of addresses should be assigned to devices other than end user devices Chapter 1 45

46 Assigning Addresses Describe the process for requesting IPv4 public addresses, the role ISPs play in the process, and the role of the regional agencies that manage IP address registries Chapter 1 46

47 Assigning Addresses Identify different types of ISPs and their roles in providing Internet connectivity Chapter 1 47

48 Assigning Addresses Identify several changes made to the IP protocol in IPv6 and describe the motivation for migrating from IPv4 to IPv6. Chapter 1 48

49 Determine the network portion of the host address and the role of the subnet mask Describe how the subnet mask is used to create and specify the network and host portions of an IP address Chapter 1 49

50 Determine the network portion of the host address and the role of the subnet mask Use the subnet mask and ANDing process to extract t the network address from the IP address. Chapter 1 50

51 Determine the network portion of the host address and the role of the subnet mask Use ANDing logic to determine an outcome. Chapter 1 51

52 Determine the network portion of the host address and the role of the subnet mask Observe the steps in the ANDing of an IPv4 host address and subnet mask Chapter 1 52

53 Calculating Addresses Use the subnet mask to divide id a network into smaller networks and describe the implications of dividing networks for network planners Chapter 1 53

54 Calculating Addresses Extract t network addresses from host addresses using the subnet mask Chapter 1 54

55 Calculating Addresses Calculate l the number of hosts in a network range given an address and subnet mask Chapter 1 55

56 Calculating Addresses Given a subnet address and subnet mask, calculate l the network address, host addresses and broadcast address Chapter 1 56

57 Calculating Addresses Given a pool of addresses and masks, assign a host parameter with address, mask and gateway Chapter 1 57

58 Calculating Addresses Given a diagram of a multi-layered l network, address range, number of hosts in each network and the ranges for each network, create a network scheme that assigns addressing ranges to each network Chapter 1 58

59 Testing the Network Layer Describe the general purpose of the ping command, trace the steps of its operation in a network, and use the ping command to determine if the IP protocol is operational on a local host Chapter 1 59

60 Testing the Network Layer Use ping to verify that t a local l host can communicate with a gateway across a local area network Chapter 1 60

61 Testing the Network Layer Use ping to verify that t a local l host can communicate via a gateway to a device in remote network Chapter 1 61

62 Testing the Network Layer Use tracert/traceroute t/t t to observe the path between two devices as they communicate and trace the steps of tracert/traceroute's operation Chapter 1 62

63 Testing the Network Layer Describe the role of ICMP in the TCP/IP suite and its impact on the IP protocol Chapter 1 63

64 Summary Chapter 1 64

65 Configuring g and Testing Your Network Network Fundamentals Chapter 11 Chapter 1 65

66 Objectives Define the role of fthe Internetwork t koperating System (IOS) Use Cisco CLI commands to perform basic router and switch configuration and verification Given a network addressing scheme, select, apply, and verify appropriate addressing parameters to a host Use common utilities to verify network connectivity between hosts Use common utilities to establish a relative performance baseline for the network Chapter 1 66

67 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Identify several classes of devices that t have IOS embedded Chapter 1 67

68 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Define the purpose of startup t config. Chapter 1 68

69 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Identify the relationship between IOS and config Chapter 1 69

70 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Recognize that t Cisco IOS is modal and describe the implications of modes. Chapter 1 70

71 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Define the different modes and identify the mode prompts in the CLI Chapter 1 71

72 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Identify the basic command structure t for IOS commands Chapter 1 72

73 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Identify the types of help and feedback available while using IOS and use these features to get help, take shortcuts and ascertain success Chapter 1 73

74 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Identify the purpose of the show command and several of its variations Chapter 1 74

75 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Identify several of the configuration modes, their purpose and their associated prompt Chapter 1 75

76 Role of Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Use the CLI to access various IOS configuration modes on a device Chapter 1 76

77 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Explain the reasons for naming devices. Chapter 1 77

78 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Describe two common approaches to establishing naming conventions Chapter 1 78

79 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Based on a diagram, configure host names using the CLI Chapter 1 79

80 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Describe the role of passwords in limiting iti access to device configurations Chapter 1 80

81 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Describe several ways in which h access to a device configuration can be limited Chapter 1 81

82 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Use the CLI to set passwords and add banners to a device Chapter 1 82

83 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Trace the steps used to examine the startup t config, make changes to config, and replace the startup config with the running config Chapter 1 83

84 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Use basic IOS config commands to manage a device. Chapter 1 84

85 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Use a text t file to backup and restore config settings Chapter 1 85

86 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Identify the role of a router in a network. Chapter 1 86

87 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Describe the purpose of having multiple l interfaces in one router Chapter 1 87

88 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Explain the purpose of assigning i interface descriptions to a router Chapter 1 88

89 Use Cisco CLI Commands to Perform Basic Router & Switch Configuration and Verification Assign a router interface, assign a meaningful interface description, and enable the interface Chapter 1 89

90 Select, Apply, and Verify Appropriate Addressing Parameters to a Host Given a type of host and a master addressing scheme, trace the steps for assigning host parameters to a host Chapter 1 90

91 Select, Apply, and Verify Appropriate Addressing Parameters to a Host Trace the steps for using ipconfig/ifconfig to verify host parameter assignments and for using ping to test assignments Chapter 1 91

92 Select, Apply, and Verify Appropriate Addressing Parameters to a Host Identify two ways parameters can be assigned to hosts Chapter 1 92

93 Use Common Utilities to Verify Network Connectivity Between Hosts Use the ping command in the CLI to determine if the IP protocol is operational on a local host Chapter 1 93

94 Use Common Utilities to Verify Network Connectivity Between Hosts Use the ping command to determine if the IP protocol is properly bound to an NIC Chapter 1 94

95 Use Common Utilities to Verify Network Connectivity Between Hosts Use the ping command to determine if a host can actively communicate across the local network Chapter 1 95

96 Use Common Utilities to Verify Network Connectivity Between Hosts Use the ping command to verify that the local host can communicate across the internetwork to a given remote host. Chapter 1 96

97 Use Common Utilities to Verify Network Connectivity Between Hosts Identify several conditions that might cause the test to fail Chapter 1 97

98 Use Common Utilities to Verify Network Connectivity Between Hosts Use trace commands to identify network connectivity problem Chapter 1 98

99 Use Common Utilities i to Establish a Relative Performance Baseline for the Network Use the output of the ping command, saved into logs, and repeated over time, to establish relative network performance Chapter 1 99

100 Use Common Utilities to Establish a Relative Performance Baseline for the Network Use the output t of the traceroute t command, saved into logs, and repeated over time, to establish relative network performance Chapter 1 100

101 Use Common Utilities to Establish a Relative Performance Baseline for the Network Trace the steps for verifying the physical addresses of the hosts Chapter 1 101

102 Summary Chapter 1 102

103 Chapter 1 103