Multi-client method. Resea version Photoconduct. tor Market. of Supply

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1 Multi-client method Resea rch Proposal 2016 version Photoconduct tor Market Forecast Report R =Intensive and Extensivee Reexamination of Supply Relations and Costs Underway== March 2016

2 Research Overview I. Research Theme [Photoconductor Market Forecast Report 2016] In Urgent Need of Review: Photoconductor Market in the Face of Reorganization of Office Equipment Industry =Intensive and Extensive Reexamination of Supply Relations and Costs Underway= II. Summary of Research Is a rapid decrease in shipments of monochrome printers among the world's top three a sign of a new chapter? The laser/led printer markets in advanced countries represented here by Japan, the U.S. and Europe have virtually saturated, and more efficient printing solutions targeting at offices are required. This trend speaks for itself by showing a deceasing number of low-end printers and shifting to mid- and high-speed printers, as well as decreasing shipments beginning to show even in the SOHO market where printing output is usually the lowest. In addition, emerging markets where growth is expected also suffer to expand due to paperless and cost reduction efforts. As such, office equipment have to mull over business consolidation, amalgamation or even closing down their offices. Circumstances are particularly harsh for printer specialized including major ones. If their business is forced to be shut down or merged, "the photoconductor market," a core part supplier to printers, will be greatly affected for certain. Since the first publication of the photoconductor market report in 1987, Data Supply Inc. has continued the publication till 2015 with a 25th report. The year 2016 especially highlights the most significant turning point of the industry in our all-time publication history. This report presents details about photoconductor, substrate, and coating material across the world, amid a tough time they're facing. III. Items and Manufacturers to Research 1. Items to research 1) Photoconductor Drum OPC drum Belt/sheet Se-related drum a-si drum 2) Aluminum photoconductor substrate 3) Photoconductor coating material 1

3 2. Manufacturers to research 1) Photoconductor (10 in Japan, 37 overseas) 2) Photoconductor substrate (5 in Japan, 6 overseas) 3) Substrate processing (10 in Japan, 5 overseas) 4) Photoconductor coating material (CTL/CGL/UCL/OCL) (11 in Japan, 2 overseas) 5) Hardware manufacturer (8 copier, 10 printer, 6 FAX ) IV.Scope and Method of Research 1. Scope of research Research period: 2013 to 2019 Regions covered: Japan, North America, Europe, South Korea, Taiwan, China and other regions. 2. Research technique 1) In-person interview with to research 2) Analysis and review of published literatures, materials, statistics 3) Analysis of database in Data Supply Inc. V.Research Method and Research Analysis and Editing Period 1. Research method: Multi-client method 2. Research analysis and editing period: January and February Publication date: March 31, Report format: A4 size (PDF format) 5. Price: $5, Researchers Yukio Yamamoto and Kosuke Yoshida Phone: Fax: yamamoto@datasupply.jp yoshida@datasupply.jp HP:http//: 2

4 VI. Research Subject A. Comprehensive Analysis 1. Worldwide photoconductor production volume (2013 to 2019 forecasts) Japan/North America/Europe/China/South Korea/Taiwan/Other regions 2. Photoconductor production volume by type (2013 to 2019 forecasts) OPC/Se/a-Si 3. Production volume by application (2013 to 2019 forecasts) PPC/Printers/FAX 4. Photoconductor production volume by shipment (for hardware products/consumable supplies) (2013 to 2019 forecasts) OEM (shipment for hardware products/consumable supplies)/shipment for third parties 5. Comparison of worldwide photoconductor production volume (genuine and third party) (2014 to 2016 estimates) OEM and third-party ratio by manufacturer top global in production (2014 to 2016 estimates) Overall share/oem share/third-party share 7. Worldwide production volume by region, by manufacturer and by type Japan/U.S./Netherlands/Germany/China/South Korea/Taiwan/Malaysia/India/Brazil/ Singapore/Thailand 8. Worldwide production volume by region, by manufacturer and by application Japan/U.S./Netherlands/Germany/China/South Korea/Taiwan/Malaysia/India/Brazil/ Singapore/Thailand 9. Production volume by OEM and third parties (2015) Overall/by region 10. Production trend of photoconductor substrates Japanese /overseas 11. Distribution of coating materials used by individual Japanese CTL/CGL/UCL/OCL with 10 top 12. Domestic and overseas production sites of photoconductors Japanese /overseas B. Photoconductor Market B-1. Photoconductor Manufacturers on the Market 1. Trend of Japanese Manufacturers 1-1. Figures and analysis 1) Production volume by type and by application (copiers/mfps; printers/mfps; FAX/MFPs) (2013 to 2019 forecasts) (Domestic production/overseas production) 2) Production volume by type, by region and by manufacturer (2013 to 2019 forecasts) (Domestic production/overseas production) 3) Production volume by diameter, by application (copiers/mfps; printers/mfps; FAX/MFPs) and by type (2015) 4) Production volume and value by diameter and by manufacturer (2015) 5) Production volume and value by length (A4, A3, A2, A1, A0) and by manufacturer (2015) 6) Production volume and value by diameter, by length and by type (2015) 3

5 7) Development trend of long-life photoconductors by manufacturer (A3) 8) Production volume by positive and negative charge drums (2015) 9) Production status among Japanese manufacturer by application, by type and by region ( ) 10) Supply relations between hardware and photoconductor, as well as supply volume Copiers (MFPs), printers (MFPs), FAX (MFPs) 1-2. Trend of individual (2013 to 2019 forecasts) Common research subject Current and future production volume by region, by production site and by type (Japan and overseas) (2013 to 2019 forecasts) Trend of production sites (capital investment, production lines owned and future production sites) Production volume by diameter and by application Production volume, value and unit price by diameter and by length (2015 results) Product lineup by diameter and by length Production volume by positive and negative charge drums Development trend of long-life photoconductors Coating layers and current distribution, development and purchase volume of coating materials (UCL, CGL, CTL, OCL) Distribution of smaller and larger diameter photoconductors Production lines Coating method Measures taken by genuine photoconductor against third-party Production ratio of genuine products (OEM) and third-party products Supply volume by shipment destination (2014 to 2016 estimates) List of worldwide production sites 1) Canon 2) Ricoh group (a: Ricoh b: Yamanashi Electronics) 3) Fuji Xerox 4) Konica Minolta 5) Kyocera group (a: Kyocera b: Kyocera Document Solutions 6) Sharp 7) Mitsubishi Chemical 8) Fuji Electric 2. Trend of Overseas Manufacturers (2013 to 2019 forecasts) 2-1. Figures and analysis 1) Production volume by type and by application (2013 to 2019 forecasts) Domestic production/overseas production 2) Production volume by type, by region and by manufacturer (2013 to 2019 forecasts) North America/Europe/China/South Korea/Taiwan/Other regions (India, Brazil, Malaysia) 2-2. Trend of individual (2013 to 2019 forecasts) Common research subject Current and future production volume by region, by production site, by type and by application (2013 to 2019 forecasts) List of production volume of genuine products (OEM) and third-party products (2014 to 2016 estimates) Latest shipment trend 4

6 Region Country Photoconductor manufacturer North America U. S. (3) Xerox Corporation, Lexmark, Eastman Kodak South Brazil (1) Xerox do Nordeste S.A. America Netherland (2) Océ, Xerox Manufacturing Europe Germany (1) Hologic Hitec-Imaging (withdrawn in 2014) APS Photoconductor (Shanghai), Changzhou Chenkai Optoelectronics Technology, Changzhou DongheOpto-electronics Technology, EurAsia Precision (Zhejiang), Foshan Nanhai Tianyng Office Equipment Factory, Guangzhou A&G Optoelectronics Technology, Guangzhou Aotusi Office Equipment, Guangzhou Photoconductors Factory, HG Technologies, China (17) Huaian Gantech Opto Electronics, Hubei Far East Zhuoyue Technology (new entrant), Hubei Hanmei Photoelectricity Science and Technology, Ningbo Shunyun Technology, Shenzhen Reciprocal-Win Technology, Asia Suzhou Goldengreen Technologies, Suzhou Industry Park Lpson Business Machines, Zelog (Shenzhen) Technology Acodis (withdrawn in 2014), AlphaChem, Baiksan OPC, CEMS, South Korea (8) Global OPC (new entrant), NeoPhotocon, Park & OPC, Sindoh Taiwan (2) GreenRich Technology, Sinonar Corporation (withdrawn in 2013) Hong Kong (1) Techno Enterprise Malaysia (1) DTM Imaging India (1) OPC Technology Japan Pvt. B-2. Photoconductor aluminum substrate (2013 to 2019 forecasts) 1. tabulation 1) Production volume by manufacturer (2013 to 2019 forecasts) 2) Production volume by diameter and by length (2015) 3) Trend of new entrants to the photoconductor industry (substrate/drawing/processing/coating) 4) Supply relations between substrate and processing 5) Chart of supply relations between substrate and photoconductor manufactures 6) Supply volume to Japanese photoconductor by worldwide manufacturer and by production site 2. Trend of individual (2013 to 2019 forecasts) Common research subject Production volume by region (by production site) (Japan and overseas) Production volume by type, by diameter, by application and by length Production volume of turned and unturned core List of worldwide shipment volume with photoconductor by production site Measures for color application (runout, roundness, surface roughness and surface uniformity) Relations between processing and drawing Trend of production technology (turned core and unturned core), etc. Current and future trend of price, profitability and production sites 1)Showa Denko 2) UACJ Extrusion Corporation (formerly known as Furukawa-Sky Aluminum and Sumikei Techno) 3) Kobe Steel 4) Nikkeikin Act 5) Mitsubishi Aluminum 6) Others 5

7 B-3. Coating Material Market 1. CTL market (2015) 1) Production volume of binding resin by manufacturer (Japan and South Korea) 2) Characteristics of each material and production volume by material 3) Price trend 4) Main supply relations of binding resin (Japan, South Korea, China and Taiwan) 5) Trend of individual manufactures Mitsubishi Gas Chemical, Teijin, Idemitsu Kosan, Mitsubishi Chemical, Unitika, Others 2. CTM market (2015) 1) Worldwide market/shipment volume by in-house and CTM (Japan and South Korea) 2) Type of CTM and production volume by material 3) Price trend 4) Trend of in-house and specialized In-house manufacturer/takasago International Corporation/Nihon Jyoryu Kogyo/ Hodogaya Chemical/South Korean and Taiwanese 5) Main supply relations 3. CGL/CGM market (2015) 1) Binding resin (material and price) 2) CGM materials and (in-house and specialized ) 4. UCL/OCL materials (2015) 1) Manufacturers 2) Materials 3) Challenges 6

8 Image of Photoconductor Market Forecast (excerpt fromm 2015 version) <Analysis edition> *Figures and comments are included in the actual report 3.Worldwide production volume by type and application Year 2012 Type/Application OPC PPC(Analog+Digital) Analog PPC Digital PPC Printer FAX Se PPC(Analog+Digital) Analog PPC Digital PPC Printer FAX a-si PPC(Analog+Digital) Analog PPC Digital PPC Printer FAX Analog PPC Digital PPC PPC Printerr FAX Digital OPC Se a-si (Forecast) (Forecast) (Forecast) Unit:Thousand 2018 (Forecast) 7

9 <Photoconductor market edition> *Figures and comments are included in the actual report 3. Production volume by diameter, application and type (2014) Unit:Thousand Diameter PPC Printer FAX OPC (mm) OPC Se/a-Si PPC Printer FAX OPC Se/a-Si OPC Se/a-Si 20φ 24φ 30φ 40φ 47φ 50φ 60φ 65φ 80φ 84φ 90φ 4. Production volume and value by diameter and manufacturer (2014) 1) Overall volume Unit: Thousand 100φ 108φ 120φ 168φ Maker Canon Ricoh 20φ Yamanashi Electronics Fuji Xerox Konica Minolta Kyocera Kyocera Document Solutions Mitsubishi Chemical Fuji Electric Sharp 180φ 210φ 24φ 240φ 260φ 30φ 40φ 47φ 60φ 9.6 (1) PPC Other φ 60φ 20φ 1.7 (2) Printer Other 0.1 (3) FAX 40φ φ φ 80φ 84φ 30φ φ φ φ φ 100φ 108φ 120φ 168φ 180φ 210φ 240φ 260φ 8

10 <Photoconductor substrate market edition> <Coating material market edition> *Figures and comments are included in the actual report 5. The main relationship with photoconductor (2014) 1) Overall Unit: Thousand/Year Other Makers Aluuna Mitsubishi Aluminum Nikkeikin ACT Kobe Steel UACJ Extrusion Corporation Showa Denko Canon Canon Virginia (USA) Canon Bretagne (France) Canon (Dalian, China) Ricoh Ricoh Industry Tohoku Ricoh Asia Industry (China) Yamanashi Electronics Yamanashi Electronics Thailand Fuji Xerox Xerox (Netherlands) Xerox (Brazil) Konica Minolta Kyocera Kyocera Document Solutions Kyocera Document Solutions (Dongguan, China) Mitsubishi Chemical Mitsubishi Chemical Infonics (Singapore) Fuji Electric (Shenzhen, China) Sharp Others 2) Supply-demand relations (1) Japan Photoconductor Resin Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Teijin Idemitsu Kosan Mitsubishi Chemical Unitika Canon Ricoh Yamanashi Electronics Fuji Xerox Konica Minolta Kyocera Document Solutions Mitsubishi Chemical (2) Overseas (1) Korean Photoconductor Resin Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Teijin Idemitsu Kosan IT-Chem Alpha Chem Baiksan OPC CEMS Neo Photocon Fuji Electric Park & OPC Sharp (2) Chinese and Taiwanese Photoconductor Resin Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Teijin Idemitsu Kosan IT-Chem HG Technologies (China) Suzhou Goldengreen (China) Green Rich (Taiwan) 9