7SA511 V2.2 Numerical Line Protection Relay

Transcription

1 7SA511 V2.2 Numerical Line Protection Relay Operator Manual Power Blocked Manual No. SG

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3 Table of Contents Table of Contents User Guide Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Product Description Chapter 3 Acceptance Tests Chapter 4 Installation Chapter 5 Programming the Relay Chapter 6 Displaying System and Relay Information Chapter 7 Commissioning the Relay Chapter 8 Maintenance Reference Guide Reference A. Method of Operation... A-1 Reference B. Hardware and Software... B-1 Reference C. Communications... C-1 Reference D. Specifications... D-1 Reference E. Reference F. Settings Calculations...E-1 Setting Worksheets...F-1 Reference G. Input/Output Functions... G-1 July 27, 1995 i

4 Table of Contents The information contained herein is general in nature and not intended for specific application purposes. It does not relieve the user of responsibility to use sound practices in application, installation, operation, and maintenance of the equipment purchased. Siemens reserves the right to make changes in the specifications shown herein or to make improvements at any time without notice or obligation. Should a conflict arise between the general information contained in this publication and the contents of drawings or supplementary material or both, the latter shall take precedence. Should further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently for the purchaser s purposes, the matter should be referred to your local sales office. The contents of this manual should not become part of or modify any prior or existing agreement, commitment or relationship. The sales contract contains the entire obligation of Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Any statements contained herein do not create new warranties or modify an existing warranty. ii July 27, 1995

5 Chapter 1 Introduction Table of Contents 1. Introduction Using This Manual Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations Relay Model Number List of Figures Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number July 27,

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7 Chapter 1 1. Introduction 1.1 Using This Manual This operator s manual is intended to provide you with all the information you need to install and operate the Siemens 7SA511 Numerical Line Protection Relay. In addition to describing the various tasks of operation, the manual offers general information about the functions and features of the relay. Several of the relay s functions and features are optional, depending on the model ordering number. This manual identifies all of the relay s options and frequently refers you to section 1.3, Relay Model Number, so you can determine which options your relay has. This manual is divided into two parts: The User Guide describes how to install, program, operate and maintain the relay, so you will need to read this part if you are to perform any of these tasks. General information about the relay s features and functions is also in this part of the manual. The Reference Guide includes the relay specifications, method of operation, relay setting calculations and worksheets, and information on the relay s hardware, software, and communications capabilities. If you are responsible for the application and setting calculation of the relay, you will need to read this part of the manual. Refer to Table 1-1 for help in finding the information you need in this manual. Table 1-1. Using This Manual. If you want to... Then read... learn more about the relay Chapter 2, Product Description Reference A, Method of Operation Reference B, Hardware & Software Reference C, Communications determine the optional function(s) Section 1.3, Relay Model Number available in your relay install the relay Chapter 4, Installation perform acceptance tests Chapter 3, Acceptance Tests program the relay Chapter 5, Programming the Relay Reference E, Setting Calculations Reference F, Setting Worksheets Reference G, Input/Output Functions check relay status, target history Chapter 6, Displaying System and Relay Information logs, and the event log place the relay in service or Chapter 7, Commissioning the Relay perform maintenance Chapter 8, Maintenance review relay specifications Reference D, Specifications July 27,

8 Introduction This manual assumes you are using the relay s operator panel to program, maintain, and operate the relay. If you are using DIGSI software or some other application to control the relay, refer to the appropriate user guide when instructions in this manual are insufficient. 1.2 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations Following are definitions and descriptions of terms and abbreviations used in this manual that are unique to power systems and to Siemens relay technology in particular. Abbreviations and Acronyms A/D analog-to-digital AR automatic reclose CB circuit breaker C/O changeover CT current transformer CW codeword DAR delayed automatic reclose E earth or ground EEPROM electrically erasable, programmable read only memory E/F earth (ground) fault EPROM erasable, programmable read only memory FD fault detection; fault detector FNo function number I.T. inverse time LCD liquid crystal display (on the relay operator panel) LED light emitting diode (on the relay operator panel) LSA a substation (Siemens Localized Substation Automation system) m memorized M/C manual close mcb or m.c.b. miniature circuit breaker NC normally closed nm not memorized NO normally open O/C overcurrent PC personal computer pcb printed circuit board PCO parameter changeover PLC power line carrier POTT permissive overreach transfer trip (pilot protection scheme) PUTT permissive underreach transfer trip (pilot protection scheme) RAM random access memory RAR rapid automatic reclose ROM read only memory TT transmit time VT voltage transformer 1-4 July 27, 1995

9 Chapter 1 Terms annunciation 1. Activating the various relay outputs (LCD, LEDs, output relays) when events occurs. 2. Messages that appear on the operator panel LCD in the event log or target logs are also called annunciations. binary input block compensated (system) dead time drop-off drop-out earth fault loop forward high-set isolated (system) marshalling A relay input terminal that responds to the presence or absence of voltage on the terminal in a digital (on/off) manner. 1. Prevent normal operation or function. 2. Group of memory addresses. The neutral system point is inductively grounded to compensate for the distributed phase-to-ground system capacitance. Time allowed following fault clearance before attempting an automatic reclose. Drop-out (used in the LCD text). Return to a normal or no-fault state. Electrical ground. In phase-selective fault detection systems, this term describes the current path for phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground faults. For example, if a short circuit occurs between phase 1 (L1) and phase 2 (L2), the fault loop is L1-L2. The currents and voltages of the fault loop are decisive when calculating the distance to fault. Direction normally downstream towards the line or load (i.e., toward the protected component). An overcurrent protection element that operates independently of the definite time or inverse time elements and typically has a high pickup value and a small or zero (instantaneous) time delay. The neutral system point is purposely not connected to ground (ungrounded). Configuring the I/O units (LEDs, trip relays, etc.) July 27,

10 Introduction Terms pickup reclaim time reverse stage starpoint target trip Activation of a protection function either through detection of a fault or as a result of a binary input. The current and voltage levels or ratios that cause a protection element to pick up are called pickup values. The no-fault time period following automatic reclose that defines a successful reclose Direction normally upstream towards the bus or source (i.e. away from the protected object). A protection element; a group of protection parameters that, at a minimum, include pickup and time delay values. Common connection point in wye-connected electrical equipment; the neutral connection. System device to which a command or signal is directed. Activate a trip relay or open a circuit breaker. 1.3 Relay Model Number The model number for your 7SA511 relay is printed on the relay s nameplate, which is located on the operator panel (see Figure 2-1 in Chapter 2, Product Description ). As illustrated in Figure 1-1, you can read your relay s model number and determine the rated current, DC supply voltage, type of mounting (flush or surface), type of fault detection, and which optional functions your relay has. Using the model number allows you to verify that you have the correct relay for the application. This manual frequently refers you to the relay model number so you can determine whether or not a particular section is applicable to your relay and protected system. When the model number is used, the character(s) significant to the discussion is bold, and asterisks (*) are used to indicate that the character is irrelevant to the discussion. For example, model number 7SA511*-**A5*- **A/E* means the relay does not have the automatic reclose feature, so you can skip the sections on automatic reclose. 1-6 July 27, 1995

11 Chapter 1 Line Protection Relay Ratedcurrentat60/50HzAC 7SA511 A5 1A 5A Rated power supply voltage VDC , 48 VDC 60, 110, 125 VDC 220, 250 VDC Mounting construction Surface mounting Flush mounting Fault detection options B C Overcurrent fault detection Overcurrent, Voltage-controlled Overcurrent, and Polygonal Impedance fault detection Overcurrent and Voltage-controlled Overcurrent fault detection Ground fault detection input For grounded systems, ground current input for protected line only For ungrounded systems, without parallel line compensation For grounded systems, ground current input for parallel line compensation Communications interface (rear port) None Isolated, hard-wired Integrated fiber optic Automatic reclose (AR)/Parameter changeover (PCO) without AR with AR 3-pole with AR 1/3-pole without AR with AR 3-pole with AR 1/3-pole without PCO without PCO without PCO with PCO with PCO with PCO Power swing (PS)/High-resistance ground fault protection (GF) * A B C A B C E F G without PS with PS without PS with PS without GF without GF with GF with GF * The Power swing (PS) option is only applicable when the fault detection system selected is the polygonal impedance detector (code = 2). The High-resistance ground fault (GF) protection is only applicable for grounded systems, i.e., the ground fault detection Input code must be 0or2. Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number. July 27,

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13 Chapter 2 Product Description Table of Contents 2. Product Description About the Relay Relay Features Relay Setting Types Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block) Overview of Protection Functions Distance Protection Emergency Overcurrent Protection Power Swing Protection (optional) Pilot Protection High-Sensitivity Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems (optional) High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection (optional) Automatic Reclose (optional) Distance-to-Fault Location Additional Functions and Features of the Relay Secured Data Storage Serial Data Ports Multiple Parameter Sets (optional) July 27,

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15 Chapter 2 2. Product Description 2.1 About the Relay The 7SA511 line protection relay is a microprocessor-based relay designed to provide fast, reliable, and selective clearance of all kinds of ground and phase faults on overhead lines and cables being fed from one point or multiple points. The system can be radial, ring, or meshed topography. The system starpoint can be solidly grounded, compensated (resonant grounded), or isolated (ungrounded). This relay has 10 binary inputs, 5 trip relays, 11 signal relays, and 16 LED indicators. The relay can be flush or surface mounted and is easily programmed and operated using the controls and keypad on the operator panel. The LEDs on the operator panel continuously display relay status and target indication. When prompted, the LCD shows the system settings, configuration settings, protection settings, measured values, calculated values, setting options, event messages, and other operational information. The relay can be connected to a PC or to a substation control system, enabling the user to analyze data stored in the relay s memory and to monitor the relay s alarms and status signals. July 27,

16 Product Description 2.2 Relay Features Microprocessor-Based Technology Fully Numerical Design Five Distance Zones, Phase and Ground Polygonal Impedance Characteristic Selectable Forward, Reverse or Nondirectional Separate R-Setting for Phase and Ground Seven Independent Time Delays Fault Detector Options - Overcurrent - Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent - Impedance Pilot Logic Schemes - Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) - Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) - Blocking - Unblocking - Directional Comparison - Directional Pilot Wire (requires 7PA5210) Weak Feed Echo Keying Logic Transient Blocking Zone Extension Scheme Reverse Interlock Bus Protection Single/Three-Pole Trip Single/Three-Pole Multi-Shot Reclosing Loss of Potential Block Overcurrent Protection as Backup for Distance Protection Power Swing Block/Trip Close-Onto-Fault Protection Isolated Ground Fault Detection Directional High Resistance Ground Fault Protection Nonvolatile Memory for Settings and Targets Programmable Binary Inputs, LEDs, Signal and Trip Relays Four Independent Setting Groups Fault Locating Parallel Line Compensation Option Fault Target Data Fault Waveform Capture (0.83 ms resolution for 60 Hz frequency) Operations Event Log Circuit Breaker Operations Counter Accumulated Circuit Breaker Interrupted Current (per pole) Real-Time Clock Circuit Breaker Trip Test Function Circuit Breaker Reclose Test Metering Functions (On-line) - Voltage - Current - Real Power (Watts) - Reactive Power (Vars) - Frequency - Impedances Two Serial Ports (one standard, one optional) IEC Communication Standard Self-Monitoring Draw Out Construction 2.3 Relay Setting Types The relay requires four types of settings. The settings, described below, determine how the relay recognizes and responds to operating conditions to protect your power apparatus equipment. Each relay is delivered with a set of parameters that are preprogrammed at the factory. All of the presettings are identified in Chapter 5, Programming the Relay. Operating settings define the conditions under which the relay will function. These include the setting of the real-time clock (time and date), choice of display language, and 2-4 July 27, 1995

17 Chapter 2 choice of the data transmission rate for the front port. The operating settings also identify what information is to be displayed in each of the two lines of the LCD for operational messages and for fault messages. The relay s Scope of Functions settings are also considered part of the operating settings. These settings indicate which functions are activated (EXIST) and deactivated (NON-EXIST). Operating settings also indicate how the optional functions automatic reclose and parameter changeover will operate. System settings identify the protected power system and switchgear. Information such as the system starpoint direction and condition, voltage transformer voltages, and current transformer rated current is required. The relay s distance protection and ground fault protection functions use this information to compute the system s protection requirements. When the parameter changeover feature is available (see section 2.5.3), system settings can vary between the parameter sets. Protection settings such as for distance protection, pilot protection, and overcurrent protection, specify the values that are used to identify fault conditions and are the majority of settings the 7SA511 relay requires. Depending on your relay model (see section 1.3.3), you may also need to indicate settings for power swing blocking protection or highresistance ground fault protection. When the parameter changeover feature is available (see section 2.5.3), protection settings can vary between the parameter sets. Relay configuration settings tell the relay how to process the input information and logically associate it with the output devices. If desired, you can reassign the binary inputs, annunciations, and the function of the relay s output signals, trip relays, and LEDs. Configuration is also referred to in this manual as programming or marshalling the relay Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block) Each relay input and output setting is assigned to a four-digit address number that you must access to display or change the setting. Address numbers are typically grouped in blocks according to their function. Table 2-1 describes all of the primary address blocks used in this relay. Your relay s configuration determines which addresses you will be able to access. Table SA511 Relay Primary Address Blocks. Address LCD Text Description 1000 PARAMETERS 1100 POWER SYSTEM DATA 1200 DIST. PROT. GENERAL SETTINGS 1300 DIST. PROT. INDEPEND. ZONES Program the protected system settings such as the system starpoint condition, voltage transformer data, and current transformer data. Also set the parameters for general line data. Indicate whether distance protection is on or off, program the direction of the distance protection directional elements, and set the trip delays for the fault detection zones (T4 or T5). Set the parameters for independent distance zones. Zone Z1 delay T1 Zone Z2 delay T2 Zone Z3 delay T3 July 27,

18 Product Description Address LCD Text Description 1400 DIST. PROT. Set the parameters for controlled (overreach) zones. CONTROLLED ZONES Zone Z1B delay T1B Zone Z1L delay T1L 1500 DIST. PROT. FAULT DETECTION Select the measurement control parameters for voltage-controlled overcurrent fault detection or impedance fault detection DIST. PROT. FAULT DETECTION Set the parameters for the fault detection program selected in address Also used to set all parameters for overcurrent detection only FAULT LOOP EARTHED NETWORK Set the parameters for determination of a fault loop in a grounded system 1800 FAULT LOOP NON-EARTHED NET Set the parameters for determination of a fault loop in isolated or compensated systems POWER SWING Select the type of power swing blocking protection (three options), and set the power swing polygon and vector values TELEPROTEC PERM. UNDERREACH Program the settings for pilot protection, permissive underreach transfer scheme TELEPROTEC PER. OVERREACH 2600 EMERGENCY OVERCURRENT PROT FAULT RECORDINGS Program the settings for pilot protection, permissive overreach transfer scheme. This includes setting the echo keying function on or off, the echo delay time, signal duration, and transient blocking time. Program the settings for emergency overcurrent protection, including turning the function on or off. Turn the waveform capture function on or off, select whether waveform capture is initiated by fault detection or by trip command, and indicate whether waveform records will be sent to a communications device connected to the front or to the rear port. Control the sensitivity of the measured values monitoring functions. Also program the settings for the fuse failure monitor, if used. Configure the relay for ground fault detection in systems with an isolated or compensated starpoint. Configure the relay for high-resistance ground fault protection in a grounded system. Configure directional comparison ground fault protection settings MEAS. VALUE SUPERVISION 3000 EARTH FAULT NON-EARTHED NET 3100 EARTH FAULT DIREC/NON-DIREC 3200 EARTH FAULT DIREC. COMPARISON 3300 EARTH FAULT Configure the relay for nondirectional ground fault protection. NON-DIRECTIONAL 3400 AUTO-RECLOS. Program how the auto-reclose function interacts with the protection FUNCTIONS functions, and set reclose cycle times FAULT Configure the fault location function. LOCATION 4000 TESTS 4200 DIRECTIONAL TEST Run the preprogrammed directional test of the individual measurement loops. All six measurement loops should indicate the correct direction of the load flow CB-TEST TRIP-CLOSE CYCLE 4400 CB TEST LIVE TRIP Run the preprogrammed trip-close test using the internal autoreclose function. Check the operation of the circuit breaker tripping function and the operation of the circuit breaker. This test is independent of the automatic reclose function. 2-6 July 27, 1995

19 Chapter 2 Address LCD Text Description 5000 ANNUNCIATIONS 5100 OPERATIONAL ANNUNCIATIONS Display operational and status events in chronological order beginning with the latest event. Operational messages include pickup and drop-out of enabled protections and alarms, pickup and drop-out of binary inputs, signal outputs, trips, relay diagnostics, and other relay operational information LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the most recent system fault, from fault detection until drop-out. The fault number, beginning fault time and time resolution display first, followed by the applicable annunciations. Fault annunciations are available for distance protection, emergency overcurrent protection, fault location, highresistance ground fault protection, and the internal auto-reclose function nd to LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the second to last fault. See address 5200 for available fault messages rd to LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the third to last fault. See address 5200 for available fault messages ISOLATED EARTH FLT DATA Display the annunciations generated for the last three ground faults for ungrounded systems (isolated or compensated) CB OPERAT. STATISTICS Display the circuit breaker operation statistics OPERATIONAL MEASURED VALUES Display the operational measured values, which are calculated based on the values entered for the protected system settings and on the relay rated frequency. The data displays in absolute primary values and in percent of the rated relay values. For ungrounded systems, this address displays the measured values that occurred during the last ground fault ISOL. E/F MEASURED VALUES 6000 MARSHALLING 6100 MARSHALLING Configure the binary inputs. BINARY INPUTS 6200 MARSHALLING Configure the signal relays. SIGNAL RELAYS 6300 MARSHALLING Configure the LEDs, including whether the indication is latched or LED INDICATORS unlatched MARSHALLING Configure the trip relays. TRIP RELAYS 6900 LSA CONFIGURATION Indicate whether the relay is part of a substation control system via the rear communications port OPERATING PARAMETERS Program the language selection, date format, substation identification numbers for the relay; select which operational messages to display, which fault event annunciations to display, etc SCOPE OF FUNCTIONS Indicate which protection and operating functions are available in the relay, e.g., emergency overcurrent protection, fault location detection, internal auto-reclose, etc. Also identify the rated frequency for the protected system DEVICE CONFIGURATION Program how the auto-reclose function interacts with the protection functions of the relay DEVICE CONTROL 8100 SETTING REAL TIME CLOCK Set the date and time for the real-time clock. You can also specify a difference time, which is primarily used to synchronize the relay s real-time clock with another reference. July 27,

20 Product Description Address LCD Text Description 8200 RESET Reset stored data including the LEDs, event log, and target log data PARAMETER CHANGE-OVER Select which parameter set is to be active, and copy parameter sets. 2.4 Overview of Protection Functions This section gives an overview of each of the 7SA511 relay protection functions, as listed below: Distance protection Emergency overcurrent protection Power swing protection (optional) Pilot protection Ground fault detection for ungrounded systems (optional) High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded systems (optional) Automatic reclose (optional) Distance-to-fault location You should read the relay s model number on the front of the operator panel to determine if your relay has the optional protection functions. section 1.3 in the Introduction section of this manual describes how to read and interpret the relay model number Distance Protection Distance protection is the main function of the 7SA511 relay. It is characterized by high measuring accuracy and flexible adaptation possibilities for the system characteristics. The distinguishing distance protection features of the 7SA511 relay are briefly discussed in the rest of this section. Feature Fault detection options Description Overcurrent fault detection (I ph >>). Use of this fault detection scheme depends on high short circuit currents. Voltage-controlled overcurrent (underimpedance) fault detection (V</I>). An overcurrent detection scheme in which the pickup value is voltage-controlled. The measured voltages, depending on the selected settings, may be the phase-to-ground or the phase-to-phase voltages. Polygonal impedance (dogbone) fault detection (Z<). This detection scheme uses calculated loop impedance values. 2-8 July 27, 1995

21 Chapter 2 Feature Ground fault detection Tripping characteristics and distance zones Directional measurement Trip delays Phase-selective tripping Automatic blocking of the distance protection function Fault location and clearance Description Ground faults are detected by ground current (I E )or displacement voltage (V E ). Either the impedance of the three phase-to-phase loops or three phase-to-ground loops are calculated depending on the ground fault detection. The effect of apparent impedance in unfaulted phases during ground faults is eliminated by a compensation method. The relay has polygonal tripping characteristics with separate settings for reactance and resistance. Separate settings are provided for the resistance for multi-phase and phase-to-ground faults. Five distance zones are provided, and they may be independently set in the forward direction, reverse direction, or nondirectional. Two of the zones may also be used for zone extension schemes. Directional measurement using sound phase voltages or voltage memory Seven independent trip delays are provided Phase-selective tripping is available for use with single-pole or single and three-pole automatic reclosing schemes To prevent incorrect distance measurement, automatic blocking of the distance protection function is provided following loss of measured voltages Fault location (distance-to-fault) is provided through calculation of the fault impedance. The distance-to-fault may be output in distance units (miles or kilometers), or percentage of line length. An optional parallel line compensation function is available. When a fault is detected, the relay initiates the following procedures for selective clearance of the fault: 1. Starts the delay times 2. Selects the measured values 3. Releases the impedance calculation and directional identification 4. Releases the trip command 5. Initiates other auxiliary functions 6. Indicates the faulty conductor(s) July 27,

22 Product Description Emergency Overcurrent Protection During periods when the line secondary voltage signal is not available, the relay can be used as a two-stage, definite-time, overcurrent protection device. You can also program the relay to automatically change over to the overcurrent mode for emergency service following detection of VT circuit failure. The VT failure is detected by the relay s internal monitoring and plausibility checks. External detection of VT failures may be input to the relay via a binary input Power Swing Protection (optional) Power swing protection is an optional function in 7SA511 relay models that use the polygonal impedance fault detection scheme (model number 7SA511*-**A52***1/3). There are two ways you can program the relay to respond to a detected power swing. 1. Blocking. The distance protection tripping function may be blocked for the duration of the power swing. 2. Tripping. Tripping may be initiated following the detection of a power swing outside the defined stability limits Pilot Protection The 7SA511 relay provides pilot protection for fast, selective clearance of faults over the complete line. You can choose from the following pilot protection schemes: Permissive underreach transfer tripping(putt) with nondirectional fault detection Permissive underreach transfer tripping with directional overreach zone Z1B) Permissive overreach transfer tripping (POTT)with overreach zone Z1B Directional comparison with fault detection Unblocking with zone Z1B Blocking mode with zone Z1B Directional pilot wire mode Reverse interlocking (bus protection) The pilot protection signal interface is implemented by assigning appropriate logical functions to a signal relay (transmitter) and a binary input (receiver) High-Sensitivity Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems (optional) In systems having an isolated neutral or a neutral grounded through an arc suppression coil, single-phase ground faults will not be detected by the short circuit protection function because of the minimal flow of ground fault current. The optional ground fault protection function for ungrounded systems recognizes, and when possible, locates the fault. Ground fault protection for ungrounded systems (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-1***) includes the following functions. The relay detects (picks up) the ground fault by monitoring the displacement voltage. By measuring the phase-to-ground voltages, the relay determines the faulted phase. The direction of the ground fault (residual) current is determined by high accuracy, real, and apparent component measurement July 27, 1995

23 Chapter High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection (optional) High-resistance ground fault protection is another optional feature of the relay (models 7SA511*- **A5*-0/2**2/3) that is used for detection of ground faults in grounded systems where the fault path resistance can be extremely high (e.g., overhead lines without lightning protection conductors, or ground paths in sandy soils). In such cases, overcurrent and underimpedance elements do not always pick up, so phase selection for the distance measurement is not possible. You can select the high-resistance ground fault protection function to work in one of two ways: directional or nondirectional protection. Directional ground fault protection (definite time, overcurrent protection) incorporates nondirectional backup and standby protection. This function can be extended by integrated directional comparison logic so a carrier channel can be used for fast, selective tripping for high-resistance ground faults. Nondirectional fault detection using inverse time overcurrent, with adjustable characteristics, can be selected. This method is used most frequently for highly interlinked ground systems with high-resistance ground faults where the ends of the faulty line section carry the largest fault current and thus produce the shortest tripping time. When using impedance fault detection, ground fault impedances can occur which appear to lie outside the pickup characteristic of the relay. The high-resistance ground fault protection function of the 7SA511 relay also prevents this occurrence. July 27,

24 Product Description Automatic Reclose (optional) Automatic reclose (AR) is an optional relay function (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*- **B/C/F/G*). The automatic reclose function can minimize the system down time caused by temporary faults. The range of functions for automatic reclose include: Three-pole automatic reclose for all fault types Single-pole automatic reclose for single-phase faults, no reclose for multi-phase faults Single-pole automatic reclose for single-phase faults, and three-pole automatic reclose for multi-phase faults Single- or multi-shot reclose On/off control Selection of which protection elements can initiate automatic reclose Programmable reclaim time after - successful AR cycle - unsuccessful AR cycle - manual reclose of circuit breaker Integration with external automatic reclose equipment with communications via binary inputs and outputs Control of the automatic reclose function by an external protection scheme Blocking of automatic reclose - following manual reclose - on reverse direction fault detection (user-programmable) - on detection of evolving faults (user-programmable) Distance-to-Fault Location The distance-to-fault location function provides quick location of the fault point and repair of any resultant damage, which increases the availability of the line for energy transmission in the system. Distance-to-fault location is typically initiated by a trip command from the distance protection function, but it can also be initiated by a binary input. Working independently from the distance protection elements, distance-to-fault uses its own filter algorithms and measured values to recognize and locate the fault. The fault location calculation results in the following outputs: Short circuit loop from which the fault reactance is determined Reactance per phase in primary ohms Resistance per phase in primary ohms Distance to the fault in unit-of-length measure Distance to the fault in percent of total line length For accurate impedance measurements in parallel line systems, the optional ground fault detection function for parallel line compensation is required (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-2***) July 27, 1995

25 Chapter Additional Functions and Features of the Relay The rest of this chapter gives a general description about the remaining functions and features of the 7SA511 relay, as listed below: Secured data storage Serial data ports Multiple parameter sets (optional) Secured Data Storage The 7SA511 relay provides all the data necessary to analyze the operational performance of the relay following a system fault. The recording functions, discussed below, are secured in case of a power interruption. Real-time clock. A real-time clock with battery backup may be synchronized via a binary input or through a serial data port (see section 2.5.2). All events are recorded with a date and time tag. Target history log. Operational records for the last three faults are recorded and stored in the relay s memory. These records include the fault type, interrupted current, distance-tofault, etc. Target history for ungrounded systems. Relays with the optional isolated system ground fault detection function record the details for the last three ground faults in a separate log. Tripping statistics. For each pole of a circuit breaker, it is possible to record the cumulative total of tripping operations and interrupted current Serial Data Ports A serial data port through which the relay can be programmed and operated is available on the operator panel. A second, optional port, used for data retrieval only, is available on the rear panel. In both cases, the data transmission protocol is in compliance with IEC Front Panel Port The port on the operator panel is intended to be used with a locally attached personal computer (PC). It is accessible through the 25 pin connector on the operator panel. The attached PC can run DIGSIÒ or other appropriate software to communicate and exchange information with the relay. This interface is not electrically isolated from the monitored system and conforms to the EIA RS-232-C specification. Rear Port The optional port on the rear panel of the relay is intended for remote data retrieval by a substation control system. It is available as an optical fiber or hard-wired interface (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-*B/C**). Consult the factory for details on the use of this feature. July 27,

26 Product Description Multiple Parameter Sets (optional) Another optional feature of the 7SA511 relay is the ability to program multiple parameter sets (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-**E/F/G*). This feature, called parameter changeover (PCO), provides four parameter sets identified as A, B, C, and D in addition to the original, default set. System settings and relay protection settings (addresses 1000 to 4000) can be uniquely defined for each parameter set. You can also copy data from one parameter set to another, including the original set. Only one parameter set is active at a time. You can change the active parameter set during relay operation (provided no protection functions are picked up) using the operator panel or through the binary inputs. If the relay is connected to a PC via the front port, you can use DIGSI software to change the active parameter set July 27, 1995

27 Acceptance Tests Acceptance Tests Table of Contents 3. Acceptance Tests Test Equipment Energizing the Relay Reading the Initial Display Verifying the Language Setting Relay Settings for Acceptance Tests Power Supply Test Metering Tests Binary Input Test LED Test Signal and Trip Relay Test Testing the Fault Detection Systems Overcurrent Fault Detection Test Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection Test (Optional) Impedance Fault Detection Test (optional) Testing the Distance Zones Independent Zones Z1, Z2, and Z Overreach Zones Z1B and Z1L Coordination Times Testing the Power Swing Blocking Function (Optional) Signal Transmission Test Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) Emergency Overcurrent Protection Test Initial Setup High-Set Overcurrent Definite Time Overcurrent Protection Overcurrent Test Procedure Isolated Ground Fault Detection Test (Optional) High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection Tests (Optional) Testing the Directional, Definite Time Ground Fault Protection Testing the Nondirectional Inverse Time Ground Fault Protection Testing the Automatic Reclose (AR) Function (Optional) End of Acceptance Testing List of Figures Figure 3-1. Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detector Characteristic Figure 3-2. Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection Characteristic Figure 3-3. Distance Zone Characteristics July 27,

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29 Acceptance Tests 3. Acceptance Tests This section provides acceptance test procedures. Follow these procedures carefully to avoid possible injury and equipment damage. When testing the 7SA511 relay, you should be familiar with all applicable safety regulations from ANSI, IEC, NEC, and other pertinent standards. Be sure that you are using the correct tests for your relay configuration. If a test is not applicable to your relay model number and configuration do not attempt to perform the test. In the following chapters, the protection functions provided by the relay are referenced with the IEC designations shown in the list below. This nomenclature is used in the text, the tables and the LCD. The corresponding ANSI designations are also indicated. IEC ANSI I>> 50H/51H High-set emergency overcurrent protection element for phases I> 50/51 Definite time emergency overcurrent protection element for phases I E > 50G/51G/67G Time overcurrent element for high-resistance ground fault protection in grounded systems V E > Displacement voltage threshold for isolated ground fault detection AR 79 Automatic reclose 47 Phase sequence check 21 Distance protection with: I ph >> - Overcurrent fault detection V</I> - Voltage-controlled overcurrent fault detection Z< - Impedance fault detection 85 Pilot protection 78 Power swing/out-of-step protection For information on relay mounting and connection options, refer to the Installation section. July 27,

30 Acceptance Tests The acceptance tests described in the rest of this chapter verify the following are working: Power supply Metering capabilities Fault detection systems - Overcurrent - Voltage-controlled overcurrent (7SA511*-*CA52/3-****) - Polygonal impedance (7SA511*-*CA52-****) Distance zone schemes Pilot protection signal transmission functions Ground fault detection for ungrounded systems (7SA511*-*CA5*-1***) High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded systems (7SA511*-*CA5*-0/2**2/3) Automatic reclose (model number 7SA511*-*CA5*-**B/C/F/G*) Power swing function (model number 7SA511*-*CA52-***1/3) Binary inputs and LED operations Output contacts (signal and trip relays) 3.1 Test Equipment You will need the following items to perform the acceptance tests: DC power supply, 20W nominal minimum with a 1 millisecond peak load capability as indicated in Table 3-1. Table 3-1. Power Supply Rated Voltage (VDC) by Relay Model Number Relay Model Number Rated Voltage Inrush (peak) 7SA511*-2*A5*-**** 24/48 VDC 100 A 7SA511*-4*A5*-**** 60/110/125 VDC 50 A 7SA511*-5*A5*-**** 220/250 VDC 25 A Note: See section 1.3, Relay Model Number, for more information on how to read and interpret the relay model number. Timer with electrical start/stop contacts Multimeter DC voltage source adjustable between 0 V and 30 V Combination three-phase AC 60 Hz current and voltage source with adjustable: - Voltage between 0 V and 100 V - Current between 0 A and 20 A - Phase angle between voltage and current of 0 to 90 Note: Commercial test sets that include some or all of the above test tools are available and can be used in the following tests. 3-4 July 27, 1995

31 Acceptance Tests 3.2 Energizing the Relay DANGER Hazardous voltages in the equipment. This can cause severe personal injury and equipment damage. Testing should be performed only by qualified personnel. Follow all safety instructions contained herein. Do not insert or withdraw the module under power. Do not make wiring connections or changes under power. 1. Connect the relay to a DC power source that provides the rated relay voltage as described in Table If a protective cover is on the relay, remove the cover to access the operator panel. Refer to Installation section of this manual for step-by-step instructions on removing the relay protective cover. 3. Position the On/Off switch on the operator s panel to the On position. After energizing the relay, the green Power LED should light, and the Blocked LED will light up briefly then go out, which indicates the relay successfully completed its self-diagnostics tests. 4. Continue with section 3.2.1, Reading the Initial Display Reading the Initial Display When the relay is first energized, the text on the initial display will read as shown below: 0000z7SA511Vx.x 7SA511********** Instead of x.x appearing on the display, the relay firmware version, e.g., 2.1, will appear. The second line of the display shows the complete relay ordering number. The asterisks (*) shown here represent the characters that should appear in your relay s display. July 27,

32 Acceptance Tests Verifying the Language Setting The language setting cannot be determined from the initial display. To verify the language setting is English, follow this procedure: 1. Press the Direct Addr key. The display will appear as DIRECT ADDRESS (English) or DIREKTE ADRESSE (German) 3-6 July 27, 1995

33 Acceptance Tests If the display shows... Then... DIRECT ADDRESS the language setting is correct. You can continue to operate the relay and enter an address number, or type in 0000 and press Enter to return to the initial display. DIREKTE ADRESSE follow these steps to change the language parameter. a. Type in 7001 and press Enter z SPRACHE DEUTSCH will appear on the display. b. Press the Password key and enter password Each character ( 0 ) you type appears as symbol on the display. c. Press Enter. d. If your entry is correct, the message CW AKZEPTIERT appears on the display. Press Enter again. You return to address 7001, and the relay is in Programming mode. Go to step g. e. If your entry is not valid, the message CODEWORTEINGABE: CODEWORT FALSCH appears on the display. Begin again with step c. f. Press the No key. ENGLISH will appear on line 2 of the display. g. Press Enter to select the setting English. h. Press the key three times. The message CODEWORTBEREICH VERLASSEN? will appear on the display. i. Press the Yes key in response to the message and to save the language parameter. The NEW SETTINGS SAVED message will appear on the LCD. j. Press Enter to clear the message from the LCD and return to the initial 0000 address display. 3.3 Relay Settings for Acceptance Tests 1. Unless otherwise noted, the tests in this chapter assume that the relay presettings are used. Refer to the Setting Worksheets reference section of this manual for identification of all of the relay presettings in address number order. 2. Some tests in this chapter require you to change settings. After acceptance testing is complete, you will need to change the relay settings back to your settings. Refer to Chapter 5, Programming the Relay, for detailed instructions on how to change relay settings. 3. Using the programming procedures provided in Programming the Relay,ensure that the frequency parameter at address 7899 is set to 60 Hz. July 27,

34 Acceptance Tests Note: Inaccurate test results may indicate that the relay settings being used are incorrect. Always verify the relay settings for each test before beginning the test. If you repeatedly receive inaccurate test results and the relay settings are correct for the test, immediately contact the relay manufacturer. CAUTION Excessive test currents. Test currents larger than 4IN may damage the relay if applied continuously. Refer to the Specifications for overload ratings. CAUTION Excessive test voltage. Test voltages larger than 140 V may damage the relay if applied continuously. Refer to the Specifications for overload ratings. 3.4 Power Supply Test This procedure will check the power consumption of the 7SA511 and the alarm relay contacts. 1. Connect test equipment to the relay as indicated in the Table 3-2. Table 3-2. Power Supply Test Connections Relay Terminal Connections Test Equipment - Relay + (where applicable) - (where applicable) DC Power supply - Power input 4B1 4B2 Power Consumption Test A DC power supply is connected to the relay power input terminals. The input voltage is then varied over the allowed range and the current into the relay is checked to ensure that it is within the specified limits. 3-8 July 27, 1995

35 Acceptance Tests Test Procedure 1. Measure the input current while varying the input voltage between the limits indicated in the table below. The values should be within the Measured Current range for the corresponding entry in Table 3-3. Table 3-3. Power Consumption Test Test Voltage (V) Measured Current (A) Relay Model Number Rated Voltage Min. Max. Min. Max. 7SA511*-2*A5*-**** 24/48 V 19.2 V 56.0 V 0.12 A 0.63 A 7SA511*-4*A5*-**** 60/110/125 V 48.0 V V 0.04 A 0.25 A 7SA511*-5*A5*-**** 220/250 V V V 0.02 A 0.07 A Alarm Relay Contact Test The alarm relay contacts are tested for correct operation in both normal and failure modes. The failure mode is simulated by removing relay power. Test Procedure 1. Connect ohmmeters or other appropriate continuity checking devices to the relay terminals as indicated in the table below. 2. For the Power On/Off switch settings shown in Table 3-4 (supply or relay), the continuity reading should be as indicated. Table 3-4. Alarm Relay Contact Test Power On/Off Terminals 6A2-6A1 Terminals 6A1-6A3 Off W =0 W= On W= W=0 July 27,

36 Acceptance Tests 3.5 Metering Tests These procedures check the analog channels to the relay s microprocessor. Known values of current and voltage are connected to the current and voltage inputs, and the accuracy of the relay measurement is checked. Current and Frequency Metering Test This test uses a single-phase input and tests each current input separately. Test Procedure 1. Connect test equipment to the relay as indicated in Table 3-1. Table 3-5. Current and Frequency Metering Test Connections Relay Terminal Connections Test Equipment - Relay + (where applicable) - (where applicable) DC Power supply - Power input 4B1 4B2 1-phase current source - I L1 3A1 3A2 Notes: 1. The frequency of the test current must be the same as the relay s rated frequency (f N ), as defined at address The test current must match the relay s rated current, I N. Refer to the relay model number to determine the rated current as indicated in the following chart. Model No. 7SA5111-**A5*-**** 7SA5115-**A5*-**** IN 1 A 5 A 2. Using the operator panel, display the address corresponding to the terminal pair that has the current source connected (see Table 3-6). 3. Ensure that the displayed percentage is within the tolerance indicated in Table Move the current source to the next pair of terminals indicated in the table below. Repeat steps 2 through 4. Continue testing until all three pairs of current input terminals have been tested. Table 3-6. Current Metering Test Tolerance Current Input Connections Addr. No. LCD Text Min. Value Max. Value 3A1-3A2 (I L1 ) 5710 IL1[%] = 100% 98% 102% 2A1-2A2 (I L2 ) 5711 IL2[%] = 100% 98% 102% 1A1-1A2 (I L3 ) 5712 IL3[%] = 100% 98% 102% 5. Display address Ensure that the displayed value, f[%], is between 99.5% and 100.5% July 27, 1995