The Global Seismographic Network and recording of the Earthquake of December 26, 2004

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Eleanor Porter
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.edu International Coordination Meeting for the Development of Tsunami Warning and

1 The Global Seismographic Network and recording of the Earthquake of December 26, 2004 David W. Simpson IRIS Consortium Washington DC International Coordination Meeting for the Development of Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System for the Indian Ocean within a Global Framework UNESCO Headquarters, France, 3-8 March 2005 Goran Ekstrom, Harvard University 1

2 Real Time Data from the IRIS/USGS Global Seismographic Network PALK (closest station) surface wave displacement >9cm OTAV (furthest station) surface wave displacement >1cm travel time to antipode ~22 min for body waves ~100 min for surface waves Surface waves seen going around Earth several times (R1-R4) M 7.1 aftershock seen at ~205 min Rick Aster - NMT The Global Seismographic Network Built on a strong international traditions of collaboration and data exchange World-wide Standard Seismograph Network (WWSSN s) Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks (FDSN) s Technical Standards and Performance Goals Instrumentation Data Collection, Management and Exchange Siting Plan - uniform global spacing km Real Time, Open Access» Think Globally - Record locally» All seismology is local 2

Global Seismographic Network 137 Global stations and arrays Funding partnership

the international Federation of Broadband Digital Seismic Networks (FDSN) Data

Low Noise High Dynamic Range Uniform Global Coverage Performance Goals Free and Open

3 Global Seismographic Network 137 Global stations and arrays Funding partnership between NSF & USGS Managed through the IRIS Consortium with USGS Cooperation with the international Federation of Broadband Digital Seismic Networks (FDSN) Data freely available without restriction or delay GSN Technical Design Goals Broadband Low Noise High Dynamic Range Uniform Global Coverage Performance Goals Free and Open Access Real-time Data Availability Continuous & Complete Archive Quality Control High data return 3

GSN A Multi-Use, Inter-agency, International Facility Multi-Use National and International Research Earth Structure Earthquake Source Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards USGS NEIC _ Earthquake Reporting

4 GSN A Multi-Use, Inter-agency, International Facility Multi-Use National and International Research Earth Structure Earthquake Source Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards USGS NEIC _ Earthquake Reporting NOAA PTWC - Tsunami Warning Nuclear Monitoring Research data Contribution to IMS GSN and Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks (FDSN) Collaboration in siting plans, standards and data exchange 4

5 Real-Time Stations available through IRIS DMC 106 GSN 153 FDSN February 2005 Stations in FDSN Archive February 2005 International Cooperation in Telemetry 5

GSN data available in realtime Allows monitoring community to assess real time hazards (earthquakes, tsunami, landslides, etc) Data used by PTWC, NEIC, CTBTO Real Time Data from the IRIS/USGS Global

6 GSN data available in realtime Allows monitoring community to assess real time hazards (earthquakes, tsunami, landslides, etc) Data used by PTWC, NEIC, CTBTO Real Time Data from the IRIS/USGS Global Seismographic Network PALK (closest station) surface wave displacement >9cm OTAV (furthest station) surface wave displacement >1cm travel time to antipode ~22 min for body waves ~100 min for surface waves Surface waves seen going around Earth several times (R1-R4) M 7.1 aftershock seen at ~205 min Rick Aster - NMT 6

Modern, broadband, high dynamic range digital technology 1964 - WWSSN Alaska - Mw 9.2 ALQ Albuquerque Distance = 38 2004 - GSN Sumatra - Mw 9.

7 Modern, broadband, high dynamic range digital technology WWSSN Alaska - Mw 9.2 ALQ Albuquerque Distance = GSN Sumatra - Mw 9.0 TATO Taipei Distance = 33 Wide bandwidth, high dynamic range sensor and recording system Sumatra (Mw = 9.0) and local earthquake (m = -0.5) recorded on same system at station ALQ. (factor of 30 million in amplitude) 7

8 GSN - Lessons and Recommendations Seismological perspective Maintain real-time open access to high quality broadband data Framework exists on a global scale regional densification needed communications upgrade required Very broadband sensors (t>500 sec) essential for great earthquakes Multi-use capability aids sustainability Improve coverage in earthquake prone areas Well-tested systems exist and are available for implementation Ocean bottom seismic recording possible, but expensive GSN - Lessons and Recommendations Seismological perspective Develop and implement seismic data analysis methodologies earthquake early assessment and tsunami warning system Develop national and international commitment to long-term operation and maintenance Encourage open archival data exchange to promote research collaboration incentive to local research and training Rich data set from Sumatra will lead to fundamental new knowledge of great earthquakes - esp rapid assessment 8

The IRIS Data Management Center maintains the world s largest system for collecting, archiving and distributing freely available seismological data.

The IRIS Data Management Center maintains the world s largest system for collecting, archiving and distributing freely available seismological data. DATA Data are open and freely available via the internet