District Cooling System (DCS) TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC)

Transcription

1 District Cooling System (DCS) TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC)

2 At A Glance District Cooling System (DCS) A system where a central chiller plant provides chilled water for air-conditioning purposes for multiple buildings. Thermal Energy Storage (TES) The storage of cooling energy during low air-conditioning load periods and used later to meet the air-conditioning loads. DCS incorporating TES technology offers the following major benefits to building owners: Low air-conditioning running cost High efficiency system Optimum operation and maintenance TNB Engineering Corporation Sdn Bhd (TNEC) is able to assume the following roles in the implementation of the above technologies: System developer Build-Own-Operate (BOO) & Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) packager Engineering, Procurement & Construction (EPC) contractor Comprehensive Operation & Maintenance (O & M) contractor

3 Cool, smart and elegant solution for large air-conditioning systems

4 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) SMART CHOICE FOR AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM District Cooling System (DCS) is an economical, efficient and elegant concept for air-conditioning in high-density property developments. Time-tested for over 30 years in developed countries, more Malaysian companies in business and industry are turning to DCS for immediate and long-term solutions to contain high air-conditioning costs. Proven Benefits In Malaysia, several DCS plants with comprehensive operations and maintenance (O&M) are currently in operation, serving mainly office, commercial complexes and universities. TNEC has successfully developed a few of these plants, where clients enjoy: Significant cost savings in air-conditioning expenses Environmentally-friendly technology Peace of mind for not having to deal with the operation and maintenance of chiller plants More resources and time to focus on core businesses Raised property profile and image, adding prestige and modernity. DCS is the future trend in large air-conditioning systems and the natural choice for far-sighted property owners. 1

5 A district cooling system that gives HUGE COST SAVINGS is certainly a smarter choice. The District Cooling System (DCS) Concept

6 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) THE DISTRICT COOLING SYSTEM (DCS) CONCEPT In a typical air-conditioning system, the chiller plant produces the building s required cooling energy in the form of chilled water. The chilled water is then passed through air handling units that cool the air inside the building. In modern day development, especially in urban or high-density developments, many such buildings would each have their own chiller plant, which does not constitute an efficient overall system, both technically and economically. DCS Applications Office buildings Shopping centres Universities Hospitals Apartments Hotel Conference centres Airports Factories Typical DCS Configuration Building A Building B Chiller water supply Building C Central Chiller Plant Chiller water supply Building D 2

7 A DCS is space saving, allowing more space for other uses since the combined chiller plant is smaller and may be located away from the consumer s premises. Benefits of DCS

8 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) Benefits of DCS A DCS essentially delivers its benefits through economies of scale. Larger and more efficient chillers can be installed in places of the many scattered smaller and less efficient ones required in a conventional system. A higher efficiency system translates directly into both capital and running cost savings. Similar savings can be achieved for other plant equipment such as cooling towers and pumps. It also allows operating flexibility since many buildings now share the chillers. As the energy custodian of the consumers with various load profiles, the overall system can also be operated or optimum energy management. A DCS is space saving, allowing more space for other uses since the combined chiller plant is smaller and may be located away from the consumer s premises. Higher efficiency system Savings of capital and running cost Operating flexibility Optimum energy management Saves building space for other uses Simple operations and maintenance DCS Technology Options A DCS normally incorporates one of a few technological options available, each with its own benefits and advantages. These options can be classified as follows: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) can be further divided into ice storage, chilled water storage, ice harvester, etc. Co-Generation can be utilized for electricity and steam production Operations and maintenance are reasonably simple, offering more convenience, ease and peace of mind in addition to reducing costs and is time saving. 3

9 The plant consumes less electricity during the day, when electricity tariff is high. The Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Concept

10 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) The Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Concept Thermal Energy Storage capitalises on the cheaper off-peak tariff offered by the electric utility company. The system produces cooling energy at night when the electricity tariff is low. During the day, when the air-conditioning demand is high, the stored cooling energy is released by circulating chilled water through the storage system and onto the buildings. Only a limited amount of chiller capacity needs to operate during this period. By adopting this concept, the plant consumes less electricity during the day, when electricity tariff is high.this leads to significant savings in operating costs. As the electrical power demand for this plant is also low during the day, further cost saving is achieved through reduced maximum (MD) charges. TES System Types Broadly, TES system can be categorized into two types: Ice storage Chilled water storage Each system has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the specific application. 4

11 The chiller would run at full capacity for most of the time. Benefits of TES

12 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) Benefits of TES Technical: Reduction of the installed chiller capacity Reduction of short cycles Increased system efficiency and reliability Simplified maintenance Flexible system Environmental: Limited use of ozone-depleting refrigerants Reduced noise pollution Financial: Shifting of electricity consumption from day to night Saving on the maximum demand charge Reduced average cost of air-conditioning How TES Technology Saves Energy Costs In a typical TES application, the chiller capacity is less than the design air-conditioning demand. The chiller meets part of the on-peak cooling load and the storage meets the rest. The chiller would run at full capacity for most of the time. When the load is less than the chiller output, the excess charges storage. When the load exceeds chiller capacity, the additional requirement is discharged from storage The diagram below clearly shows that the plant installed chiller capacity can be greatly reduced when compared to the conventional system. Since the chiller is operated at full capacity most of the time, it is now better utilised and able to perform at high efficiencies. The TES plant load is also more levelled compared to the conventional plant where its load must follow the cooling load very closely. The conventional system would be charged higher for its high maximum electrical demand. Cooling Capacity Reduction in chiller installed capacity Chiller Charging Storage Chiller Meets Load Directly Storage Meets Load Chiller On Load hour Period 5

13 During the night, when electricity tariff and cooling demands are low, the chiller is used to store cooling energy in the storage tank. TES Basic System Operation

14 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) TES Basic System Operation The system configuration can vary depending on the operating strategy adopted. Users can choose between full storage and partial storage. In many instances, partial storage system is preferred to ensure full utilization of the installed chiller. During the night, when electricity tariff and cooling demands are low, the chiller is used to store cooling energy in the storage tank. Heat transfer fluid at temperatures below the freezing temperature of the storage media circulates through the tank, causing the formation of ice inside the tank. A TES incorporating a storage system comprises the following basic components: Chiller Ice storage tank Heat exchanger Valve Pumps Valves The bulk of the stored energy is stored at constant temperature as latent heat during the phase-change period. During the day, when the cooling demand is high, cooling energy is provided by the combined efforts of the chiller and the ice storage tank. The chiller works at full capacity with the storage tank providing the shortfall. The fluid passes through the storage tank at temperatures higher than the melting temperature of the ice. The pumps and valves regulate the output temperature. The heat exchanger provides the isolation between the storage tank brine loop and the distribution system water loop. Pump To building air-conditioning Chiller Pump Ice Storage Tank Heat Exchanger From building air-conditioning Brine Loop 6

15 TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION (TNEC) About Us TNB Engineering Corporation Sdn Bhd (TNEC) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), Malaysia s largest electricity utility and a leading utility company in Asia. The company has extensive experience in the development, design, construction, operation and maintenance of DCS plants and networks, spanning more than 10-year period. Drawing on its expertise, experience and resources, TNEC is able to offer property owners and developers an individual packaged system fitting each one s respective needs. At present, BES is the dedicated subsidiary company of TNEC to develop and promote the application of district cooling system in the country and world over. Bangsar Energy Systems Sdn Bhd ( K) is the District Cooling Owner Company in Bukit Pantai area in Kuala Lumpur, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of TNEC. It is the project developer, owner and operator of the Bangsar Energy Systems Sdn Bhd (BES) plant located at TNB Headquarters Complex in Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur. The Bangsar DCS is one of the largest in Malaysia. Developed under the Build, Own and Operate (BOO) concept, the project was financed through external borrowings, backed by the Chilled Water Purchase Agreement (CWPA). 7

16 INSTITUT JANTUNG NEGARA District Cooling System (DCS) using Thermal Energy Storage (TES) with Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) Scheme Institut Jantung Negara (IJN), in expanding their hospital facilities and additional buildings, seek ways to minimize the air-conditioning cost and to interconnect with the existing air-conditioning facility for operation flexibility. TNEC was awarded the contract for design, procurement, installation, testing and commissioning and Supply of Chilled Water for twenty (20) years through Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) Scheme. Parameters of the plant are as follows : Cooling Load Maximum 1,9370 RT Daily Energy Usage 30,197 RTh Energy Storage 7,100 RTh Peak Supply From Brine Chiller/Storage 1,930RT Total Storage Volume 450m 3 Charging Time 9 hours Distribution Temperature Supply 6.0 C Return 12.0 C Coefficient of Performance (COP) 3.10 TNEC s Responsibilities Operation and Maintenance Costs, inclusive of : Electricity Consumption Consumables Spares Equipment Replacement Staffing Chemicals and other consumables Financial Advantages Savings on operation costs, maintenance, demand charge and off peak consumption Lower initial investment for clients IJN KLIA 2

17 KUALA LUMPUR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 2 Project Name : Kuala Lumpur International Airport 2 (KLIA2) DCS Plant Location : Sepang, Malaysia Contract Delivery Method : BOT (Build, Operate and Transfer under a 20-year concession) Project Size : 18,000 RT Construction Period : January 2011 April 2012 DCP Configuration Plant installed configuration Electrical centrifugal chiller Chilled water TES tank Plant installed capacity 6 nos x 2,000 RT 2 nos x 30,000 RTh 18,000 RT Plant ultimate configuration after future expansion Electrical centrifugal chillers 8 nos x 2,000 RT Chilled water TES tank 3 nos x 30,000 RTh Plant ultimate installed capacity 25,000 RT Overall system efficiency (kw/rt; COP) 0.858; 4.1 Chilled water reticulation piping distance 2.5km Airport Cooling Energy Supply Sdn Bhd Main Customers: Main Terminal Building (MTB) Airport Mall and Transportation Hub Landside Hotel 1 Air Asia Building Main scope of works: District Cooling Plant (DCP). The 132/33 kv substation with 132 kv Cable Incomers from TNB s PMU Bukit Changgang External distribution piping from plant to various buildings Energy Transfer Stations (ETS) TNEC Roles Investor through ACES EPC Contractor Comprehensive Operations & Maintenance (O&M) Contractor Airport Cooling Energy Supply Sdn Bhd (ACES), a joint venture company between TNEC & Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad (MAHB) is the Concession Holder. IJN KLIA 2

18 INSTITUT MAJLIS BANDARAYA JANTUNG NEGARA SHAH ALAM Thermal Energy Storage Rehabilitate, Operate & Maintain (ROM) with Financing Construction And Commissioning :January 2006 July 2006 Client :Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam (MBSA), the forward looking City Council has been actively seeking ways to minimize its air conditioning costs. TNB Engineering Corporation Sdn Bhd (TNEC) offered to finance the replacement of the existing chillers and the installation of an ice Thermal Energy Storage (TES) System. Through its Rehabilitate, Operate and Maintain (ROM) Concept, TNEC also undertakes the comprehensive plant operations and maintenance and charges MBSA a monthly bill for cooling energy utilization. TNEC s Responsibilities Plant rehabilitation costs including new chillers and TES equipment Operation and Maintenance Costs, inclusive of: Electricity Consumption Consumables Spares Equipment Replacement Staffing Chemicals and other consumables TNEC Guarantees Chilled water supply temperatures 24 hours chilled water availability Plant Performance Master Plan The plant has been expanded to form a District Cooling System (DCS) to connect to the Selangor Theatre and Musuem. The TNEC ROM solution has helped MBSA reached its costs savings target without any capital investment. Parameters of the plant are as follows: Cooling Load Maximum Demand 1,300RT Daily Energy Usage 15,088 RTh Energy Storage 5,200 RTh Peak Supply From Brine Chiller/Storage 1,300 RT Peak Supply From Base (Water) Chiller 1,000 RT Total Storage Volume 340m 3 Charge Time 10 hrs Distribution Temperature 6.7 C supply 14.0 C return MBSA UiTM

19 UiTM FACULTY OF MEDICINE UiTM Faculty of Medicine Sungai Buloh Selangor Darul Ehsan Project Name Location Delivery Method : DCS UiTM Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh, Selangor. : UiTM, Sungai Buloh, Selangor : Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Commissioning (EPCC) Detail construction are as below Project Installation Period (First Phase) (Second Phase) Owner Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Parameters of the plant are as follows: Cooling Load Maximum Demand 3200 RT Energy Storage (Ice On Coil) 48 nos x 240 RT RTh Brine Chiller Capacity 3200 RT Energy Efficiency 0.70 kw/rt Supply temp C Return temp C to 14.9 C MBSA UiTM UKM Loop 2

20 INSTITUT UNIVERSITI JANTUNG KEBANGSAAN NEGARAMALAYSIA Loop 1 Thermal Energy Storage DCS Scheme and system rehabilitation Project installation period : October 1999 November 2000 Owner : Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia s (UKM) fast growing student population had its electricity consumption and costs spiralling every year. A comprehensive energy audit identified the urgent need for retrofitting work to address increasing maximum demand immediately and long term. TNEC was awarded the contract for the design, engineering installation testing & commissioning of a Thermal Energy Storage DCS Scheme and other system rehabilitation works, and thereafter to operate and maintain the system. UKM achieved an average savings of RM 120,000 in monthly electricity cost or RM1,315,000 for a year of electricity billings. The average maximum demand was reduced from 8,592 kw to less than 7,500 kw. The comprehensive O&M responsibility includes: Manpower Routine maintenance Electricity and water usages Chemicals and other consumables Equipment replacement major overhauls TES incorporated in a DCS is one of the most effective energy management schemes for air-conditioning applications of large scale development projects or building complexes, The TNEC-UKM partnership effort to improve energy management was awarded with the Plaque of Recognition at the 2nd ASEAN Energy Efficient Building Best Practices competition for the Retrofitted Building category in UKM UKM Parameters of the plant are as follows: Cooling Load Maximum Demand 3,700 RT Daily Energy usage 46,600 RTh Energy Storage 11,318 RTh Peak Supply from Brine Chiller/Storage 2,900 RT Peak Supply From Base (Water) Chiller 800 RT Total Storage Volume 800 cubic meters Charge Time 10 hours Distribution Temperature 5 C supply 12.8 C return Total Cooling Plant Reduction Capacity 36.65% Overall Plant Efficiency kw/rt kwh/rth

21 INSTITUT UNIVERSITI JANTUNG KEBANGSAAN NEGARAMALAYSIA Loop 2 District Cooling system (DCS) using Thermal Energy Storage Engineering, Procurement and Construction Contract Project Installation Period : July 2010 August 2011 Owner : Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), during the Eighth and Ninth Malaysia Plans has constructed new campuses and facilities within the vicinity of the second loop of its main campus in Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan. The development is known as UKM Loop 2. The DCS System was developed to cater for the air-conditioning load of the buildings like Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Faculty of Technology & Science Information, Faculty of Education, Faculty of Law, Architectural building (future), Language Teaching and Linguistic Centre, Computer Centre, Kompleks Tun Abdullah Mohd Salleh, Department of Development & Management Office and Printing and Publishing Centre. The total connected loads for these buildings are 4500 RT. DCP Configuration Cooling Load Maximum Demand 4,500 RT Energy Storage Capacity 2 nos x 7,898 RTh Supply/Return Temperature 5.6 C / 12.2 C Charging Time 10 hours Base Chillers 3 nos x 850 RT Tank Capacity (RC tank) 2 nos x 2,916m 3 Network Piping 3.2 km UKM UKM Loop 2

22 PANTAI DISTRICT COOLING SYSTEM Project installation period : Owner : Bangsar Energy Systems Sdn Bhd The Pantai District Cooling system, located in Bangsar, was developed by TNEC to provide chilled water for air-conditioning purposes for major buildings in the vicinity of Pantai Baru and Jalan Bangsar areas. This development includes the prestigious Menara TM, TM Annexe, TNB Corporate HQ Complex, Pullman Bangsar hotel and Pantai Plaza commercial developments. Bangsar Energy Systems Sdn Bhd, a subsidiary of TNEC, acts as project developer, owner and operator of the plant. It is a success story with the system being able to increase the plant efficiency with a 24% saving on operating costs. Parameters of the plant are as follows: Cooling Load Maximum Demand 9,800 RT Daily Energy Usage 127,257 RTh Energy Storage 30,650 RTh Peak Supply from Brine Chiller/Storage 7,680 RT Peak Supply from Base (Water) Chillers 2,120 RT Storage Volume 1,900 cubic meters Distribution Temperature at plant outlet 5 C 5 centrifugal brine chillers 1, /8.6 C (capacity & temperatures) /-2 C 2 base centrifugal water chillers 1,060 5/14.5 C (capacity & temperatures) Length of reticulation piping networks Approx km Technical Advantages Smaller chiller capacity Smaller heat rejection plant Reduced maintenance Efficient and reliable system Increase of plant life time Flexible system available for efficient energy management Financial Advantages Savings on operating costs, maintenance, demand charge and off peak consumption Lower initial investment for clients MALAYSIAN NUCLEAR AGENCY PANTAI

23 INSTITUT MALAYSIAN JANTUNG NUCLEAR NEGARA AGENCY Air-conditioning rehabilitation works Project installation period :September 2001 March 2002 Owner :Malaysian Nuclear agency (Nuclear Malaysia) Nuclear Malaysia is the national research institute whose core activities are nuclear science and other related technologies. TNEC was awarded the contract for the design, procurement, installation and commissioning for the Air-Conditioning Rehabilitation Works (conversion to TES scheme) at Nuclear Malaysia. The storage tank combines the ability to discharge energy at a high rate with low operating cost, achieving an estimated 30% savings on the electricity bill. MALAYSIAN NUCLEAR AGENCY PANTAI Parameters of the plant are as follows: Cooling Load Maximum Demand 1,500 RT Daily Energy usage 16,500 RTh Energy Storage 5,659 RTh Peak Supply from Brine Chiller/Storage 1,500 RT Total Storage Volume 400 cubic meters Charge Time 10 hours Distribution Temperature 5 C supply 12.8 C return Overall Plant Efficiency kwh/rth

24 TNB Engineering Corporation Sdn Bhd TNB ENGINEERING CORPORATION SDN BHD ( A) 1701, Level 17, Block B, Menara Amcorp 18, Persiaran Barat, Peti Surat 152, Jalan Sultan, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia T: F: E: (A wholly-owned subsidiary of Tenaga Nasional Berhad)