Technologies for First Responders Know WHERE They Are and HOW They Are

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1 Technologies for First Responders Know WHERE They Are and HOW They Are Precision Indoor Personnel Location and Tracking for Emergency Responders Technology Workshop, August 4-6, 2008 Jalal Mapar Program Manager Infrastructure & Geophysical Division Science and Technology Directorate Aug 5, 2008

2 Topics S&T Organization & IPT Process First Responder Technologies Location Tracking and Monitoring Physiological Health Monitoring Q&A

3 DHS S&T Directorate U/S for Science and Technology Director of Research Director of Innovation Director of Transition (Innovation) Explosives Chem/Bio Command, Control & Interoperability Borders/ Maritime Human Factors Infrastructure/ Geophysical Research Transition Research Transition Research Transition Research Transition Research Transition Research Transition (Research) (Applications) 3

4 Infrastructure and Geophysical Division Objectives Develop capabilities to identify and mitigate the vulnerabilities of the 17 critical infrastructure and improve the ability of the Nation to prepare for, respond to, and recover from all-hazards emergencies to keep our society and economy functioning Program Elements Critical Infrastructure Protection Preparedness & Response Geophysical 4

5 Preparedness & Response Objectives Enhance first responders ability to prepare for, respond to and recover from all-hazards emergencies through development and deployment of enabling technologies Customer DHS/FEMA (primary), and others (CBP, CG, TSA, ) End-User 44,000 Emergency Response Organizations 18,000 Law Enforcement Agencies 30,000 Fire Departments 83,000 State/Local Governments 5

6 Building a Better Product Team U/S Cohen established the Capstone IPT Process to focus on customer needs IPT Chaired by customer Customer DHS Management (Acquisition) T&E S&T Provider End User 6

7 DHS Requirements/Capability Capstone IPTs DHS S&T Product Enabling Homeland Capabilities (EHCs) Information Sharing/Mgmt Border Security Chem/Bio Defense OIA CBP/ICE CMO/IP Acquisition C2I Acquisition Borders/Maritime Acquisition Chem/Bio OOC Inspector/Agents Policy Maritime Security Cyber Security Explosive Prevention Cargo Security USCG CS&C TSA/USSS CBP Acquisition Borders/ Maritime Acquisition Infrastructure/ Geophysical/C2I Acquisition Explosives Acquisition/ Policy Borders/ Maritime Guardsmen People Screening SCO/CIS Infrastructure Owners/Operators Infrastructure Protection IP Agents Officers/Industry Incident Management Interoperability Prep & Response FEMA/OEC FEMA Acquisition Human Factors Acquisition Infrastructure/ Geophysical Acquisition C2I Acquisition Infrastructure/ Geophysical US VISIT/TSA Infrastructure Owners/Operators First Responders First Responders 7

8 High Priority Technology Needs 8

9 Responder Technologies Location Tracking System Provide real-time location positioning and monitoring of first responders Physiological Health Monitoring Provide real-time health status of first responders to Responders and Incident Commanders Critical Technologies to Provide Situational Awareness and Save Lives

10 Locate 1 st Responders in X, Y, and Z The Inter Agency Board, a working group of first responders that identifies and approves technologies for use by police, fire and ambulance services, has listed the development of a 3-D tracking system as one of its top research priorities Commanders want icons on a screen showing them where all their personnel are, especially while they re inside buildings Chief Bob Ingram, FDNY and IAB Chairman National Defense Magazine, March

11 Capability to Requirements Capability Need Allow emergency managers, including fire chiefs and other incident commanders, to rapidly and effectively deploy and re-deploy their forces or understand and respond to the consequences of potential threats to their forces Accurately locate and track incident responders in X-Y-Z Targeted situation areas Inside of threatened buildings Collapsed buildings Subterranean facilities or underground REQUIREMENTS Specify the location of its host in three dimensions within 6 meters (3 meters desired) *Assume building is not instrumented* Function in the extreme operational environments encountered by emergency responders Incident life of 2 hours or longer (4 hours desired) Include a distress button and indicator of non-movement Wirelessly transmit inside or outside of structures and through rubble to an off-site incident command post, on-site incident command posts, emergency responders Self-initializing, calibrating, adjusting, and with diagnostic capabilities to ensure speed and reliability Resistant to potentially damaging electrical charge, protected from potentially dangerous gases, impact resistant, and waterproof Operate outside all buildings and inside of almost all buildings, no matter their structural state and environmental conditions Primary incident command posts should be able to monitor the status of the locator and its host from a radial distance from 30 meters to 100 meters (per relay) Base station is a combination of additional communications equipment and the laptop/portable computer and required software. Base station software must be able to display location and identification of personnel. Base station software must be able to link the unique identifier of the locator to a specific individual Base station must include visualization tools to allow incident commanders and site personnel to easily interpret incoming displayed information And many more

12 Current Solution & Activities Summary: No viable single solution exist Best approach is the Cocktail Solution Current technology solution GPS, Radio Frequency Ranging (UWB), Inertial Navigation System (INS), Barometric Altimeter, Wireless Mesh Network,, visual display for the incident commander Responder wears the unit that transmits location info via a wireless network to a command post Plan and Schedule: Develop Prototype 3D Locator Hardware FY07 Critical Design FY07 Small scale testing FY07 Prototype visual imaging and tracking FY08 Pilot first responder 3D Locator System in major urban areas across the U.S. FY08/FY09 Improve accuracy to better than 3m FY09 Enhance range and signal penetration in urban environment FY09/FY10

13 Current Technology Components Ranging Link ICI Mobiquity Wireless Ad-Hoc Network Navigation Fusion 900 MHz Data Communications Link Bluetooth Antenna RF Ranging Altimeter Bluetooth Antenna GPS GPS Antenna BT Inertial Magnetometer Installed on ICI Board MSSI RMR Honeywell PPT0015AFN2VAB Falcom JP-15 IMU/Magnetometer (MicroStrain) 3DM-GX1 Bluetooth To Main Unit

14 Shared Navigation ConOps GPS B Fireman A Precision 2D from network Third axis from altimeter Fireman B Precision 2D from combination of network & GPS Third axis from altimeter Wireless Ad-Hoc Network Navigation Fusion Engine Inter/Intra-Links A Ranging Exchange Inertial/Pedometer/Altimeter RF Ranging Altimeter Inertial Magnetometer A-GPS Navigation Technologies Magnetometer

15 Prototype Unit

16 Latest Test Results Muscatatuck Urban Training Center (MUTC) with JFCOM Let s go to the video

17 Future Enhancements System robustness Improved accuracy Form/Fit/Function Ranging Cost reduction T&E with large groups of 1 st Responders Current plan: NY (Aug), Seattle (Sep), Cincinnati (Aug), Chicago (Aug) Algorithms, SW Network, bandwidth Integration of new components

18 High Priority Technology Needs

19 Physiological Monitoring- Statistics Source: The New England Journal Of Medicine, March 22, 2007 vol. 356 no. 12

20 Physiological Monitoring Capability Need Prevent fire ground deaths and the attendant risks they present to other firefighters and responders A highly reliable metric and notification system for on scene identification of firefighters who are at significant risk of an immediate cardio-vascular or cerebral-vascular incident Know when to pull them out An integrated sensor package that will monitor a responder s vital signs A baseline for the overall physical health of the responder REQUIREMENTS Alert both the wearer and command staff monitoring emergency responders warnings of physiological irregularities Non-invasive Able to be integrated with existing personal protective equipment Interoperable with different types of PASS devices Able to be used in all forms of structures Cost TBD/unit Sensor components Other parameters: Max Range to The Furthest Access Point Or Node User Density Size (Weight, Dimension) Power Auto Alarm & Alarm Management False Alarm Error Rate Data Fusion Accuracy Physiological Status Accuracy Battery Life Data Collection & Storage Data Collection & Storage W/ Wireless Comms Upload/Download Capable Wireless Communications Security (Encryption) Visualization of Personnel Vitals And many more

21 Physiological Monitoring Sensors Heart rate, pulse oximetery, blood pressure, body temp, Operation Environment, size, weight, Algorithm Data fusion, decision aid, Metrics Baseline parameters, thresholds, Cost Planned FY09 Program

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