TOD(Transit Oriented Development) & Disaster Resilience

Transcription

1 Disaster Risk management Public Seminar Series No. 5 Hosted by World Bank Tokyo Office, Tokyo Disaster Risk Management Hub, and Japan Bosai Platform The Role of the Private Sector in Building Resilience to Disasters 自然災害への強靭性強化における民間セクターの役割 TOD(Transit Oriented Development) & Disaster Resilience January, 2015 中分毅 Takeshi Nakawake

2 What is TOD? Transforming Cities with Transit, The World Bank 2013 Transit-oriented development (TOD) Compact, mixed-use, pedestrian-friendly development organized around a transit station. TOD embraces the idea that locating amenities, employment, retail shops, and housing around transit hubs promotes transit usage ant nonmotorized travel. It highlights the need to integrate transit and land use as a critical step toward achieving sustainable urban development. - Global Climate Change - Traffic Accidents - Traffic Jam/Time Pollution - Social Fairness

3 The City Structure of Tokyo is Poly-centric Train Network has been a Key Driver of Development

4 Tokyo can be characterized as TOD Complex Central Tokyo is covered by accessible distance by walk from the stations Transport-related energy consumption per capita per year Transport Share of Train in Tokyo is 58%

5 Resilience of TOD is Crucial Number of Stranded Persons in Terminals will be huge. Terminal In case of the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 The numbers are at 9p.m The Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department In case of earthquake directly hits Tokyo area Estimated numbers by local governments An order of magnitude greater Shinjyuku 9,000 90,000 Shibuya Less than 6,000 More than 100,000 Yokohama 10,000 5, ,000 70,000 Tokyo 1, ,000

6 Measures for Stranded Persons are Important Act, Ordinances, and Public Plans Safety Control PLan Kawasaki City Government Act: Special Measures concerning Urban Reconstruction Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Partial Revision enacted in 2011 Ordinance for Measures Concerning Stranded Persons Tokyo Metropolitan Governments, enacted in 2013 Preventing People from All Heading Home at Once Providing Communication Tools and Information Services Securing Temporary Shelters Assisting People Returning Home

7 Private Firms have made Efforts for BCP Nikken Sekkei BCP Plan (as an example) Organizational/Administrative Approach Board for BCP Plan Execution Functional Groups Aid Activities Safety Confirmation Communications Client Matters, etc. Building/Hardware Approach Seismic Isolation for Servers Stand by Generator Water Reservoir Communication System Foods and Medicines

8 Cooperation at Community Level Consortiums for Stranded Person Measures by Private Firms Fujimi-Iidabashi Consortium (as an example) Many stranded persons anticipated in CBD and near CBD More than 30 organizations (currently Nikken is chairing) Activities include: Joint Program for Disaster Drills Shared Services for Disaster Prevention Acceptance of Stranded Persons from Outside the Area Resident/Employed Population & Estimated Stranded Persons resident population employed population Stranded persons Chiyoda-Ward Tokyo Metropolitan Government 47,000 13,130, ,000 14,950, ,000 5,170,000

9 Redevelopment of TODs in the Mid-Long Term Shibuya (as an example) 9 rail lines, 2.3 million daily ridership Urban Redevelopment & Reorganization of Rail/Station Arrangement in progress

10 Redevelopment of TODs in the Mid-Long Term Shibuya (as an example) Improvement of Horizontal & Vertical Pedestrian Circulations More Convenient for Modal Changes, Safer and More Attractive utilizing vertical cores and spaces in redeveloped commercial buildings (indicated with below)

11 Redevelopment of TODs in the Mid-Long Term Shibuya (as an example) PPP Projects using LVC(Land Value Capture) Scheme

12 Challenges & Opportunities 3 I s Intermediate Approach Macro-Micro Soft-Hard Integrated Approach Public-Private Disaster Prevention-Commercial Development Impressive Approach Easy to Understand Unforgettable