Data Centers: Technology, part 1

Transcription

1 Mestrado em Engenharia InformáEca e de Computadores Master Degree (MSc) in InformaEon Systems and Computer Engineering Administração e Gestão de Infra-estruturas de IT IT Infrastructure Management and Administration Data Centers: Technology, part 1 Prof. Rui Santos Cruz rui.s.cruz@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2 TODAY 2 Part 1 Categories of Data Centers Availability Tiers (classificaeon) Technologies for Data Centers: Technology Trends Power DistribuEon and Efficiency

3 3 Basic Building Block: Data Centers Technologies for Data Centers: Power distribueon and Energy Efficiency, Cooling, Cabling, Networking, Servers, VirtualisaEon.

4 Categories of Data Centers 4

5 5 Categories of Data Centers A Data Center can occupy one room in a building, one or more floors, or an enere building: Sub Equipment Room (SER) Main Equipment Room (MER) Organisa:on owned Data Center Mul:-tenant Data Center

6 6 Categories of Data Centers Sub Equipment Room (SER): Also known as a patch closet. Contain patch panels for conneceons to wall outlets in offices Contain some small equipment like network switches. Main Equipment Room (MER): Is a small Data Center in one of the organizaeon s subsidiaries.

7 7 Categories of Data Centers Organisa:on owned Data Center: Contains all central IT equipment for the organisaeon. An organisaeon can have muleple Data Centers SomeEmes with failover and fallback capabiliees. Mul:-tenant Data Center: Used by Service Providers Provides outsourcing services for muleple organisaeons

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10 RegistraEon in Class 10 Class Registration: hqps://goo.gl/t115rz Decode the URL with your smartphone from the QR code (or type the URL) of the Registra:on Form Today s class unique CODE: 45101

11 Data Center Availability Tiers 11

12 12 UpEme InsEtute s TIER TOPOLOGY TIER I TIER II TIER III TIER IV Active capacity components to support the IT load N N+1 N+1 N after any failure Distribution Paths active and 1 alternate 2 simultaneously active Concurrently maintainable NO NO YES YES Fault tolerant NO NO NO YES Compartmentalization NO NO NO YES Continues Cooling NO NO NO YES Source: The Uptime Institute: Data center site infrastructure tier standard: Topology (TS ), 2012

13 13 Site Infrastructure Tier Standards The Tier ClassificaEons were created to consistently describe the site-level infrastructure required to sustain Data Center operaeons. Data Centers are dependent upon the successful and integrated operaeon of at least 16 separate site infrastructure subsystems. Every subsystem and system must be consistently deployed with the same site upeme objeceve to saesfy the disenceve Tier requirements The Tier topology raeng for an enere site is constrained by the raeng of the weakest subsystem that will impact site operaeon.

14 14 Tier I: Basic Site Infrastructure The fundamental requirement A Tier I basic data center has non-redundant capacity components and a single, nonredundant distribueon path serving the computer equipment. The performance confirmaeon tests There is sufficient capacity to meet the needs of the site. Planned work will require most or all of the site infrastructure systems to be shut down affeceng computer equipment, systems, and end users.

15 15 Tier I: Basic Site Infrastructure The operaeonal impacts The site is suscepeble to disrupeon from both planned and unplanned aceviees. OperaEon (Human) errors of site infrastructure components will cause a data center disrupeon. An unplanned outage or failure of any capacity system, capacity component, or distribueon element will impact the computer equipment.

16 16 Tier I: Basic Site Infrastructure The site infrastructure must be completely shut down on an annual basis to safely perform necessary preveneve maintenance and repair work. Urgent situaeons may require more frequent shutdowns. Failure to regularly perform maintenance significantly increases the risk of unplanned disrupeon as well as the severity of the consequeneal failure.

17 17 Tier I: Basic Site Infrastructure Requirements Single non-redundant distribueon path serving the IT equipment Non-redundant capacity components Basic site infrastructure guaranteeing % availability

18 18 Tier II: Redundant Site Infrastructure Capacity Components The fundamental requirement A Tier II data center has redundant capacity components and a single, non-redundant distribueon path serving the computer equipment. The performance confirmaeon tests Redundant capacity components can be removed from service on a planned basis without causing any of the computer equipment to be shut down. Removing distribueon paths from service for maintenance or other acevity requires shutdown of computer equipment.

19 19 Tier II: Redundant Site Infrastructure Capacity Components The operaeonal impacts The site is suscepeble to disrupeon from both planned aceviees and unplanned events. OperaEon (Human) errors of site infrastructure components may cause a data center disrupeon. An unplanned capacity component failure, outage or failure of any capacity system or distribueon element will impact the computer equipment.

20 20 Tier II: Redundant Site Infrastructure Capacity Components The site infrastructure must be completely shut down on an annual basis to safely perform preveneve maintenance and repair work. Urgent situaeons may require more frequent shutdowns. Failure to regularly perform maintenance significantly increases the risk of unplanned disrupeon as well as the severity of the consequeneal failure.

21 21 Tier II: Redundant Site Infrastructure Capacity Components Requirements Fulfils all Tier 1 requirements Redundant site infrastructure capacity components guaranteeing % availability

22 22 Tier III: Concurrently Maintainable Site Infrastructure The fundamental requirements A Concurrently Maintainable data center has redundant capacity components and muleple independent distribueon paths serving the computer equipment. Only one distribueon path is required to serve the computer equipment at any Eme. All IT equipment is dual-powered and installed properly to be compaeble with the topology of the site s architecture. Transfer devices, such as point-of-use switches, must be incorporated for computer equipment that does not meet this specificaeon.

23 23 Tier III: Concurrently Maintainable Site Infrastructure The performance confirmaeon tests Each and every capacity component and element in the distribueon paths can be removed from service on a planned basis without impaceng any of the computer equipment. There is sufficient permanently installed capacity to meet the needs of the site when redundant components are removed from service for any reason.

24 24 Tier III: Concurrently Maintainable Site Infrastructure The operaeonal impacts The site is suscepeble to disrupeon from unplanned aceviees. OperaEon errors of site infrastructure components may cause a computer disrupeon. An unplanned outage or failure of any capacity system will impact the computer equipment. An unplanned outage or failure of a capacity component or distribueon element may impact the computer equipment.

25 25 Tier III: Concurrently Maintainable Site Infrastructure Planned site infrastructure maintenance can be performed by using the redundant capacity components and distribueon paths to safely work on the remaining equipment. During maintenance aceviees, the risk of disrupeon may be elevated.

26 26 Tier III: Concurrently Maintainable Site Infrastructure Requirements Fulfils all Tier 1 and Tier 2 requirements MulEple independent distribueon paths serving the IT equipment All IT equipment must be dual-powered and fully compaeble with the topology of a site s architecture Concurrently maintainable site infrastructure guaranteeing % availability

27 27 Tier IV: Fault Tolerant Site Infrastructure The fundamental requirements A Fault Tolerant data center has muleple, independent, physically isolated systems that provide redundant capacity components and muleple, independent, diverse, aceve distribueon paths simultaneously serving the computer equipment. The redundant capacity components and diverse distribueon paths shall be configured such that N capacity is providing power and cooling to the computer equipment ager any infrastructure failure.

28 28 Tier IV: Fault Tolerant Site Infrastructure All IT equipment is dual powered and installed properly to be compaeble with the topology of the site s architecture. Transfer devices, such as point-of-use switches, must be incorporated for computer equipment that does not meet this specificaeon. Complementary systems and distribueon paths must be physically isolated from one another (compartmentalized) to prevent any single event from simultaneously impaceng both systems or distribueon paths. ConEnuous Cooling is required.

29 29 Tier IV: Fault Tolerant Site Infrastructure The performance confirmaeon tests A single failure of any capacity system, capacity component, or distribueon element will not impact the computer equipment. The system itself automaecally responds ( self heals ) to a failure to prevent further impact to the site.

30 30 Tier IV: Fault Tolerant Site Infrastructure Each and every capacity component and element in the distribueon paths can be removed from service on planned basis without impaceng any of the computer equipment. There is sufficient capacity to meet the needs of the site when redundant components or distribueon paths are removed from service for any reason. The operaeonal impacts The site is not suscepeble to disrupeon from a single unplanned event. The site is not suscepeble to disrupeon from any planned work aceviees.

31 31 Tier IV: Fault Tolerant Site Infrastructure The site infrastructure maintenance can be performed by using the redundant capacity components and distribueon paths to safely work on the remaining equipment. During maintenance acevity where redundant capacity components or a distribueon path shut down, the computer equipment is exposed to an increased risk of disrupeon in the event a failure occurs on the remaining path. This maintenance configuraeon does not defeat the Tier raeng achieved in normal operaeons. OperaEon of the fire alarm, fire suppression, or the emergency power off (EPO) feature may cause a data center disrupeon.

32 32 Tier IV: Fault Tolerant Site Infrastructure Requirements Fulfils all Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 requirements All cooling equipment is independently dual-powered, including chillers and HeaEng, VenElaEng and Air CondiEoning (HVAC) systems Fault tolerant site infrastructure with electrical power storage and distribueon faciliees guaranteeing % availability

33 Technologies in Data Centers 33

34 34 Business Trends For The Data Center Decreased Enterprise Data Center Spending Due To: Increased Reliance of Business on The Data Center VirtualisaEon Energy Efficiencies Outsources Services MulE-Tenant Data Centers Hyperscale Data Center Services

35 35 Technology Trends AdopEon of Web-Scale IT designs and processes by the Enterprise CollaboraEvely Aligned OrganisaEon Silos to Service Teams Industrially Designed Infrastructure Risk Embracing Culture Web Oriented Architecture Open Source API Based Management Velocity Focused Processes

36 36 Technology Trends Industrial Designed Infrastructure Agile, StandardisaEon, Scalable, & Rapid Deploy Vanity Free Designs Use HolisEc Design Principles Automated Processes Energy Efficient Extensive Monitoring (Measure, Monitor, Manage) Lean Principles Focus on Workflows NOT Workloads Focus on NOT where the work is located but WHAT the work is doing

37 37 Technology Trends Technology innovaeon is bringing new and excieng things to respond to the needs of today s business Convergence of Servers, Storage, and Networking is growing Sogware Defined Everything (SDx) Fabrics Extremely Low Energy (ELE) Servers Original Design Manufacturer (ODM) or DIY Servers (aka: Skinless) Silicon Photonics

38 38 Affect on Technology Due to Hyperscale AdopEon White Box Affect ELE IntegraEon Source: HP Moonshot

39 39 A Systems Approach Air Flow & Power Solutions Pre-configured Racks Racks and Enclosures Fiber Systems Pre-terminated Solutions Copper Systems Fully-Optimized, Integrated Solutions LOW Value Add HIGH Cabling, Connectivity, & Cable Management Solutions Designed to Work Together

40 40 Technologies in Data Centers: Power distribueon and Energy Efficiency

41 Power breakdown in data centers 41

42 Power flow in a typical data center 42

43 The weigh of power 43

44 44 Strategies for reducing electrical power consumpeon Network-criEcal physical infrastructure (NCPI)

45 Strategies for reducing electrical power consumpeon 45

46 Strategies for reducing electrical power consumpeon 46

47 Strategies for reducing electrical power consumpeon 47

48 Strategies for reducing electrical power consumpeon 48

49 Strategies for reducing electrical power consumpeon 49

50 Data center efficiency 50

51 51 Google Data Center Power DistribuEon SchemaEc

52 NCPI power consumpeon 52

53 IT power load share 53

54 54 SUMMARY Categories of Data Centers Availability Tiers (classificaeon) Technologies for Data Centers: Technology Trends Power DistribuEon and Efficiency

55 Any QuesEons? 55