10-year Survey of Computer Applications in Indian Foundry Industry

Transcription

1 Technical paper submitted to Special Issue of Indian Foundry Journal, January year Survey of Computer Applications in Indian Foundry Industry Durgesh Joshi Reader, Industrial and Production Engineering Department, SGS Institute of Technology and Science Indore Dr. B. Ravi Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Abstract A 10-year survey of computer applications in Indian foundry industry was conducted by IIT Bombay starting in 2000 to understand the penetration of software technologies as well as the benefits and concerns. The survey covered 216 organisations from all over India (159 foundries and tool-makers, 30 OEM firms, and 27 consultants, researchers and academicians). The foundries represented all major metals, processes and capacities. The survey shows a rapid increase in the penetration of computer applications over the last ten years. Today 100% of the foundries surveyed use Internet and 75% use CAD/CAM, with reported benefits of customer satisfaction, faster development and cost reduction. In contrast, only 25% of those surveyed use simulation (either in-house or out-sourced), although over half of the participants reported the benefits of simulation in quality assurance and yield improvement. On average, foundries using CAD/CAM and simulation tools reported 30% faster casting development and 50% lower rejection rate, compared to foundries that do not employ these technologies. Five years back, the main concern about both CAD/CAM and simulation technology was cost, whereas today the concerns have shifted to technical support and trained manpower availability. The survey provides many such insights useful for technology strategy planning at foundry level, cluster level, and national level. Keywords: Casting, CAD/CAM, Simulation, Industry Survey. 1

2 1. Introduction Information technology has changed the way cast parts are designed, manufactured and delivered today (Ravi, 1999). A stream of new software products and services are enabling continuous improvement in product quality and cost, while compressing the lead time for development. These IT-based tools are also allowing early prediction and prevention of potential manufacturing problems, by building-in quality and economy. Better and faster collaboration, communication and coordination between OEM, tooling and manufacturing engineers are resulting in a closer match between the original design and final product. The software tools for metal casting domain can be broadly categorised into four groups, with rising level of computational skills required for using the applications. Web Applications: (with customers and suppliers), company website, design or manufacturing data exchange, and web-based collaboration. Manufacturing Planning: Materials requirement planning, production scheduling, cost estimation, and quality control and management. CAD/CAM: Solid modelling, computer-aided engineering (FEM) analysis, tooling (pattern/mould/die) design, and CNC machine tool path planning. Casting simulation: Simulation of mould filling and casting solidification after methods design (feeder and gating system). Today, a number of computer applications representing the above categories are available to the foundry industry (Ravi, 2000). Some anecdotal information about individual applications and specific case studies is also available (Ravi, 2008). There is however, no quantitative data regarding the level of penetration of software technologies in Indian foundry industry, as well as their perceived benefits and implementation concerns. To cover this gap in knowledge, we took up an annual survey of computer applications in Indian foundry industry, described in detail next. 2. Survey Methodology and Participants The survey was conducted by administering a questionnaire to the participants of an annual course on Casting Design and Simulation at IIT Bombay in September every year 2

3 starting The questionnaire was given at the end of the course, and the filled up forms were collected on the spot. The questionnaire included all major areas of computer applications. For each application, the participants gave their feedback about the benefits and concerns. If an organisation did not yet implement a computer application in a particular area, then the participant was requested to provide the perceived benefits and concerns related to that application. The list of benefits included cost reduction, higher yield, lower rejections, faster development, and customer satisfaction. The list of concerns included initial cost, maintenance cost, technical support, and trained manpower. The questionnaire also included details about the organisation in terms of types of castings handled, manufacturing process, foundry capacity, utilisation, casting development time, quality issues, etc. The total number of organisations covered over the survey period ( ) was 216 (table 1). This included 155 (72%) foundries, 4 (2%) tool-makers, 30 (14%) original equipment manufacturers, 14 (6%) CAD/CAM consultants, and 13 (6%) researchers and academicians (figure 1). The complete list of organisations, segregated year-wise, is given in appendix. The participating foundries were from all parts of India: 55% from West (Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan), 30% from South (Tamil Naidu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala), 9% from North (Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar- Pradesh), and the remaining 6% from East (West Bengal, Orissa, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh). The OEM firms included manufacturers of automobiles, machine tools, motors & generators, pumps & valves, heavy equipment, railways and defence equipment. The group of consultants, researchers and teachers included participants assisting the foundry sector in terms of consultancy, R&D and training. Most of the consultants were from CAD/CAM service firms, some with special groups handling tool design and casting simulation. 3

4 Table 1: Distribution of participating organizations Total Foundries & Tool-makers OEM Firms Consultant, Researcher, Academic Total The participants from foundries represented all organizational levels: 41% from top management (CEO, COO, Director, Partner, Proprietor, Vice President, Executive Director, General Manager, Production Manager), 36% from middle management (Manager, Dy. Manager, Asst. Manager, Project Leader, Senior Engineer), and 23% from operations (Work Executive, Line supervisor, Foundry Engineer, Methoding Engineer, Engineer, Trainee). Capacity-wise, about 32% foundries had less than 1000 tonnes/year production, 33% had tonnes/year, and 35% had over 5000 tonnes/year. Foundries covered in the survey also represented a wide range of processes, cast metals and application areas (table 2). The sum of percentage values for each of these can be more than 100% as many foundries have more than one type of metal, process and application areas. About 80% of the foundries were ISO9000/QS9000 certified. 4

5 Figure 1: Profile of participating organizations Table 2: Profile of foundries covered in the survey Casting Processes Cast Metals Applications Sand Moulding 79 Grey Iron 58 Auto Components 60 Shell Moulding 26 Ductile Iron 37 Pumps & Valves 42 Pressure Die Casting 16 Stainless Steel 18 Motors & Generators 27 Gravity Die Casting 14 Carbon Steel 20 Machine Tools 25 Investment Casting 5 Aluminium 30 Farming & Mining 25 Centrifugal Casting 6 Copper 8 Railways 21 Full Mould 3 Zinc 8 Defence 14 Flaskless Moulding 2 Tin 5 Others 16 Magnesium 3 Others 7 4. Survey Results and Insights The survey provided several valuable insights into the current status of Indian foundries as well as the penetration and perceptions regarding computer applications. The average capacity utilisation of all foundries surveyed was found to be 69%. The average lead time for new casting development was 9 weeks, and the average rejection rate was 7.5%. High capacity foundries reported better capacity utilization (74%), faster development time (7.5 5

6 weeks), and lower rejection rate (6.5%) compared to small size foundries (table 3). To understand the effect of software tools, respondents were classified in two groups. The first group comprised foundries that reported the use of CAD/CAM and simulation tools, and the second group comprised the remaining foundries. The average lead time of the first group was 7 weeks, compared to 10 weeks for the second group, indicating that use of CAD/CAM and simulation can result in reducing the average casting development time by 30%. Similarly, foundries using CAD/CAM and simulation tools reported average rejection rate of 4.1%, less than half of the rejection rate of 8.6% reported by the second group. Table 4 presents the growth of different types of computer applications in Indian foundries. The same results are presented in graphical form in figure 2. The participants reported a gradual increase in the use of Internet/collaboration, planning software, and CAD/CAM in their organisations over the last ten years. Table 3: Capacity utilisation, rejection rate and lead time Foundry size Small Medium High Average Capacity utilization (%) 62 (40) 71 (46) 74 (47) 69 (133) Development time (weeks) 10 (32) 10 (38) 7.5 (43) 9 (113) Rejection rate (%) 8.9 (16) 8.1 (20) 6.5 (24) 7.6 (60) Figures inside brackets indicate number of foundries Table 4: Penetration of computer applications in foundry industry Year Total Foundries Web Appls. Planning CAD / CAM Simulation 8 57% 10 71% 7 50% 6 43% 10 59% 7 41% 6 35% 2 12% 5 36% 3 21% 5 36% 4 29% 8 67% 3 25% 6 50% 2 17% 16 94% 11 65% 12 71% 3 18% % 12 60% 16 80% 4 20% % 15 75% 15 75% 4 20% % 17 81% 17 81% 5 24% % 15 75% 15 75% 5 25% % 93 60% 99 64% 35 23% 6

7 Ignoring the influence of overall industry trends (such as the dotcom boom in 1990s leading to higher than usual investments in IT in 2000, and depression driven by poor market in 2008 leading to reduced IT investments in 2009), all computer applications have shown a continuously increasing penetration in Indian foundry industry. Internet applications witnessed the fastest penetration to reach 100% by 2005 and continued to be at that level since then. Use of planning software doubled from 41% (in 2001) to 81% (in 2008). The use of CAD/CAM also rapidly increased from 35% (in 2001) to 81% (in 2008). The penetration of casting simulation software (including out-sourced services) continues to remain low at less than 25%. Figure 2: Growth of computer applications in foundry industry To understand the reasons for the reported penetration levels of various computer applications, especially CAD/CAM and simulation, the benefits and concerns reported by the respondents were analysed (Table 5, Figures 3 and 4). The benefits of web applications are felt equally in terms of faster development and customer satisfaction, by foundries (46% each) as well as OEM firms (52% each). The benefits of planning are felt more in cost reduction and customer satisfaction; here participants from OEM firms reported higher benefits (55% and 60%) than those from foundries (45% and 40%). 7

8 Cost Reduction Higher Yield Lower Rejection Faster Development Customer Satisfaction Initial Cost Maintenance Technical Support Trained Manpower Table 5: Benefits and concerns of computer applications in foundry Benefits Experienced or Perceived Concerns in Implementation Group (Number of participants) Computer Application Foundries and Tool-makers (181) Original Equipment Manufacturers (42) Consultants, Researchers and Teachers (41) Overall average (264) Web Appls Planning CAD/CAM Simulation Web Appls Planning CAD/CAM Simulation Web Appls Planning CAD/CAM Simulation Web Appls Planning CAD/CAM Simulation The benefits of CAD/CAM are experienced mainly in terms of shorter development time (62% of foundries and 71% of OEMs reported this benefit). This is followed by customer satisfaction (51% foundries and 50% OEM), and cost reduction (40% of foundries and 57% of OEMs). Simulation appears to help almost equally in cost reduction, higher yield, and lower rejection; these benefits were more strongly perceived by foundries (38%-40%) compared to OEM firms (26%-29%). This shows that foundries are more keenly aware of the benefits of casting simulation than OEM firms. The above results can be analysed in another way. If cost reduction is the main goal, the most preferred application is reported to be CAD/CAM (42%), followed by planning (41%), simulation (25%), and web applications (25%). If higher yield is the main goal, the preferred application is reported to be simulation (37%) followed by CAD/CAM (25%), 8

9 planning (17%), and web applications 15%. For lower rejection, the preferred application is: simulation (36%) followed by CAD/CAM (30%), planning (17%), and web applications (17%). For Faster development, the preferred application is CAD/CAM (62%) followed by web applications (44%), simulation (43%), and planning (21%). For customer satisfaction, the preferred application is CAD/CAM (49%) followed by web applications (44%), planning (39%), and simulation (36%). This clearly proves the importance of CAD/CAM and simulation in achieving quality and cost competitiveness. The above results lead to the question: why is the penetration of casting simulation software low in Indian foundries, although they are quite well aware of its benefits? The answer lies in the reported concerns of simulation software. All categories of respondents: foundries, tool makers, OEM firms, consultants and researchers reported three main concerns regarding simulation software: initial cost (30%), availability of trained manpower (30%) and technical support from software vendors (32%). The highest concern about technical support indicates the importance of developing suitable training programmes and local support systems. Although the penetration of CAD/CAM software is higher than that for simulation software, respondents reported similar concerns here too. Another interesting insight is that the OEM firms reported higher levels of all concerns, indicating that they are using more sophisticated software and are more aware of the problems involved. The highest concerns for initial cost were expressed for simulation and CAD/CAM (both 30%), followed by web applications (22%) and planning (16%). This is in line with the average cost of the respective applications: simulation programs are typically about ten times the cost of CAD/CAM software, which in turn, are about ten times the cost of planning software. The concern for technical support and trained manpower also showed a similar trend from CAD/CAM and simulation software followed by web applications and planning software. 9

10 Figure 3: Benefits perceived by various computer applications for foundries Figure 4: Concerns in various computer applications for foundries 10

11 Figure 5: Reported benefits (top) and concerns (bottom) of CAD/CAM and simulation The perceptions appear to have changed over the years. This is especially true for participants from the foundry and tool-makers group, as shown in figure 5. Five years back (in 2004), the major reported or perceived benefit of CAD/CAM and simulation was faster development. By 2009, a more realistic picture, in line with widely accepted benefits reported worldwide, has emerged: CAD/CAM and simulation also help in cost reduction (55% and 48% of participants, respectively), higher yield (42% and 39%), and lower rejections (42% and 36%). The latest figures (in 2009) indicate that the highest concerns are technical support and trained manpower (45% of participants for either concern) for CAD/CAM as well as simulation software, followed by maintenance cost (39% of participants) for CAD/CAM, and initial cost (36% of participants) for simulation software. 5. Conclusion The major findings of the 10-year survey of computer applications in Indian foundry industry are summarised here. 11

12 1. The participating foundries reported an average 69% capacity utilization with casting development lead time of 9 weeks and rejection rate of 7.5%, in spite of 80% of them having a quality certification (ISO 9000/ QS 9000). 2. Smaller foundries reported a lower capacity utilisation (62%), longer development time (10 weeks) and higher rejection rate (9%) compared to large foundries (74% capacity utilisation, 7.5 weeks for casting development, and 6.5% rejection rate). 3. After a hesitant start in , Indian foundry industry has made rapid progress in adopting various computer applications. Today 100% of foundries surveyed use Internet, 75% use CAD/CAM and planning software, but only 25% use simulation. 4. The benefits of CAD/CAM are mainly felt in faster development and cost reduction; simulation is more useful for quality assurance and yield improvement; and web applications and planning software help in higher customer satisfaction. 5. Foundries using CAD/CAM and simulation have 30% lower lead time and 50% lower rejection rate on average, compared to foundries that do not use these technologies. 6. While initial cost is a major concern hindering wider application of CAD/CAM and simulation in foundries, it is overshadowed by even bigger concerns of technical support by vendors, and availability of trained manpower. These two concerns have shown an increasing trend over the last five years. The above findings will be useful in formulating specific courses of action to assist Indian foundries in faster and better adoption of software applications. For example, the concern for high initial cost may be reduced by setting up CAD & simulation centres in foundry clusters with common access by local foundries (Ravi, 2001). The problem of manpower availability may be overcome by tying up with local colleges, and linking them with reputed institutes through web-based distance education networks. To ensure local technical support, perhaps the most important concern, retired foundry engineers may be trained and retained as consultants by the software vendors. The survey also showed that small foundries require greater assistance, since they have significantly lower capacity utilisation, longer casting development time and higher rejection rate than large foundries. This can be achieved by leveraging web-based systems (Ravi, 2006). These and other novel ideas need to be explored and fine-tuned to ensure that all our foundries benefit and excel in using computer-aided technologies for casting design, development, and delivery. 12

13 References 1. Ravi B., Computer-aided Casting - Past, Present and Future, 47 th Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Calcutta, Ravi B., CAD/CAM Revolution for Small and Medium Foundries, 48 th Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Coimbatore, B. Ravi, "Casting Simulation and Optimisation: Benefits, Bottlenecks, and Best Practices," Indian Foundry Journal, 54(1), 47-52, Ravi B., Cooperative CAD/CAM centers, Foundry, Ravi B. and Datta, G. L., "Co-operative Virtual Foundry for Cost-Effective Casting Simulation," 54 th Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Pune,

14 YEAR 2009 Appendix: Participating Organisations Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 A K Multimetals Pvt Ltd Gobindgarh 1 Aplantec Ltd, Mumbai 2 Arbaria Steels, Agra 2 Bajaj Auto Ltd, Pune 3 Argjay Alloys, Kolhapur 3 Cummins Turbo Technologies Ltd, Pune 4 Birla Accucast, Aurangabad 4 L&T CASE Pvt Ltd, Pithampur 5 Crescent Foundry, Calcutta 5 Mahindra and Mahindra, Mumbai 6 Galveno Castings, Bangalore 6 Volvo-Eicher Commercial Vehicles Ltd, Dhar 7 Gosain Foundry, Ludhiana 8 Grey Duct Foundry Services, Ambala Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 9 Growell Industries, Vadodara 1 Medicaps Inst. of Tech. and Mgt. Indore 10 GWASF Quality Castings, Mangalore 2 SGSITS, Indore 11 Guindy Machine Tools, Hosur 12 Modern Machine Tools, Ludhiana 13 Precicast, Gurgoan 14 Shendhur Alloys, Coimbatore 15 Shimpubade Metals Pvt Ltd, Kolhapur 16 Shree Kedar Metal Foundries, Sangli 17 Super Craft Foundry, Jaisinghpur 18 Tyco Thermal Control, Mumbai 19 Unique Auto Assemblies, Icchalkaranji 20 Varinda Industrial Corporation, Ludhiana YEAR 2008 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 AKP Foundries, Belgaum 1 Mahindra & Mahindra,Nasik, Mumb 2 Alstom Projects India, Shahabad 2 Tata Autocomp Systems, Pune 3 Ashok Iron Works, Belgaum 3 Tata Motors, Pune 4 Atlas Copco (India),Nasik 4 V - Smart Thermotech, Pune 5 Bharat Heavy Electricals, Bhopal 6 Bhawani Industries, Ajnali Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 7 DCM Engineering Products, Ropar 1 AMPRI, Bhopal 8 DKTE's Textile & Engg. Inst.,Ichalkaranji 2 Jadavpur University, Kolkata 9 Endurance Technologies, Pune 3 SGSITS, Indore 10 Gabriel India Limited, Hosur 4 V.J.T.I., Mumbai 11 Integra Automation, Coimbatore 12 Kirloskar Brothers,Sangli 13 Menon and Menon,Kolhapur 14 Menon Pistons, Kolhapur 15 Shah Hitech, Jamshedpur 16 Shah Precicast, Sangli 17 Shanthala Spherocast, Shimoga 18 Shree Hans Alloys, Ahmedabad 19 Southern Auto Castings, Chennai 20 Sundaram Clayton, Chennai 21 Trimurti Engg Tools, Sangli 14

15 YEAR 2006 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Anant Enterprises, Pune 1 GE Healthcare, Bangalore 2 Ashok Leyland, Ennore 3 Bhagwati Spherocast, Ahmedabad Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 4 Cooper Foundry, Satara 1 Bureau of Indus. Consultancy & Res., Pune 5 GWASF Quality Castings, Mangalore 2 CADMAX Solution, Kolhapur 6 Himcast, Goa 3 Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune 7 Jash Engineering, Indore 4 NFTDC, Hyderabad 8 Leader Valves, Ram Nagar 9 L&T Foundry, Kansbahal 10 Mohan Electro Casting, Ghaziabad 11 Permanent Magnets,Mumbai 12 PTC Industries, Lukhnow 13 Sriram Foundry, Kolhapur 14 Tara Ultimo (Jewellery), Mumbai 15 Tata Metaliks, Kolkata 16 Tata Maval Foundry, Pune 17 Techno Rings, Shimoga 18 Texmaco, Kolkata 19 TVS Motors, Hosur 20 Universal Engg. & Electrical, Coimbatore YEAR 2005 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Anant Enterprises, Pune 1 Air Control and Chemical Engg, Ahmedabad 2 AKP Foundries, Balgaum 2 Indian Navy, Mumbai 3 Alstom, Shahabad 3 John Deere India, Pune 4 Aurangabad Metal Products, Aurangabad 4 Mahindra & Mahindra, Mumbai 5 Ashok Iron Group, Belgaum 5 Philips India, Kolkata 6 Atlas Copco, Nashik 7 Bharadia Steel, Mumbai Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 8 Entek Corporation, Mumbai 1 DJS College of Engg, Mumbai 9 Fine Jewellery, Mumbai 2 Defense Research & Dev. Lab, Hyderabad 10 Foseco India, Pune 3 Govt. College of Engg, Karad 11 JP Foundries, Belgaum 4 Kolhapur Institute of Technology, Kolhapur 12 Kirloskar Brothers, Sangli 13 Menon and Menon, Kolhapur 14 Moderncast, Bangalore 15 Nelcast, Gudur 16 Progressive Engineering, Mumbai 17 Sai Founders and Engineers, Belgaum 18 Sriram Pistons, Ghaziabad 19 Supercastings, Thane 20 Technocraft Industries, Mumbai 21 Tulsi Foundries, Sangli. 15

16 YEAR 2004 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Anant Enterprises, Pune 1 Bharat Electronics Ltd., Panchkula 2 Atlas Automotive Pvt. Ltd, Pune 2 Crompton Greaves Ltd., Mumbai 3 Bhillai Engineering Corporation Ltd., Bhillai 3 Eicher Motors Ltd., Pithampur 4 Crompton Greaves Ltd., Mumbai 4 Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Pune 5 Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., Dewas 5 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (FES), Mumbai 6 Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Pune 6 Tata Cummins Ltd., Jamshedpur 7 Laxmi Oil Pumps & Systems P.. Ltd., Solapur 7 Tata Holset Ltd., Pune 8 Mahalaxmi Auto Industries, Jamshedpur 9 Mahindra & Mahindra (Auto.) Ltd., Mumbai Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 10 Mutha Founders Pvt. Ltd., Satara 1 AFTC, Bangalore 11 Pooja Engineers, Ahmedabad 2 Controllorate of Quality Assurance, Chennai 12 Prevail Casting Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot 3 Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 13 Shanthala Spherocast Pvt. Ltd., Shimoga 4 NIFFT, Ranchi 14 Shreeram Engineers, Mumbai 5 Tata Technologies Ltd., Pune 15 Silicon Meadows Pvt Ltd., Pune 6 YMCA Institute of Engineering, Faridabad 16 Swastik Casting Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 17 Synergies Dooray Automotive Ltd., Vizag YEAR 2003 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 India Pistons Ltd., Chennai 1 GE BE Private Ltd., Bangalore 2 Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., Sangli 2 GE Medical Systems (India), Bangalore 3 Marshall Castings Ltd., Faridabad 3 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (Tractor), Mumbai 4 Pee Cee Castings Pvt. Ltd., Faridabad 4 Uni Klinger Ltd., Ahmednagar 5 Porwal Auto Components Ltd., Pithampur 6 Praga Die Casting & Metal Ind., Mumbai Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 7 Raneka Industries Ltd., Indore 1 E-Mug Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad 8 Rapsri Engg. Ind. Ltd., Bangalore 2 Institue of Indian Foundrymen, Hyderabad 9 Sahayog Founders & Engineers, Pune 10 Sansu Automotives Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 11 Sri Bhavani Castings Ltd., Kakinada 12 Swastik Metal Castings, Alwar YEAR 2002 Foundries and Tool-makers Original Equipment Manufacturers 1 Chougule Industry, Kolhapur 1 Aqua Machineries, Pvt Ltd., Ahmedabad 2 Dr. Dinesh & Ramesh Eng. P Ltd, Ahmedabad 2 General Motors India, Halol 3 DRDL, Hyderabad 3 Virgo Engineers Ltd., Pune 4 Entek Corporation, Mumbai 5 Ghatge Patil Industries, Kolhapur Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 6 HAL, Foundry and Forge Division, Bangalore 1 Onward Technologies Ltd., Pune 7 Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Solapur 2 Satyam Computer Services, Secunderabad 8 Magna Electro Castings Ltd., Coimbatore 3 Tata Technologies Ltd., Pune 9 Mahle Migma Ltd., Indore 10 New United Metal & Engg. Work, Mumbai 16

17 11 Pranjape Autocast Pvt. Ltd., Satara 12 RBD Engineers, Gandhinagar 13 Satish Pattern work, Mumbai 14 Shakti Auto Component Ltd., Erode 15 Sundaram Clayton Ltd., Chennai YEAR 2001 Foundries and Tool-makers Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 1 Ambica Enterprise, Vadodara 1 Foundry Magazine, Ahemdabad 2 Anurang Engineering Co. Pvt. Ltd., Pune 3 Business Combine Ltd., Nasik 4 Bajaj Electricals Ltd., Aurangabad 5 Birla Perucchini Ltd., Aurangabad 6 Fluid controls, Baroda 7 Ichalkaranji Mettalloy, Ichalkaranji 8 Indo German Tool Room, Aurangabad 9 ISGEC, Yamunanagar 10 Jay Metal Tech., Surat 11 Laxmi Pattern Works, V.V. Nagar 12 Mutha Founders Pvt. Ltd, Satara 13 Nodule cast, Vadodara 14 Prakash Foundries, Vadodara 15 Rajdeep Engineers, Baroda 16 Sanjay Founders Pvt. Ltd., Ichalkaranji 17 Shakti Foundry, Baroda 18 Simplex Casting Ltd., Raipur 19 Southern Auto Casting Pvt. Ltd., Chennai YEAR 2000 Foundries and Tool-makers Consultants, Researchers & Teachers 1 Aquasub Engineering, Coimbatore 1 Small Industries Service Inst., Coimbatore 2 Autokast Ltd, Alappuzha 3 Autoshell Casts Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore 4 DMRL, Hyderabad 5 Escorts Mahle Ltd., Bangalore 6 FIE Spherotech, Ichalkaranji 7 Flow link Systems Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore 8 Gas Turbine Research Estt., Bangalore 9 HAL Foundry & Forge Div., Bangalore 10 Laxmi Automatic Loam Work P. Ltd. Hosur 11 Laxmi Machine Works Ltd., Coimbatore 12 Sage Electrical, Pune 13 Simplex Casting Ltd, Bhillai 14 Texmo Precision Castings, Coimbatore 17

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