VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION FOR QUALITY OF UML 2.0 MODELS

Transcription

1 VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION FOR QUALITY OF UML 2.0 MODELS BHUVAN UNHELKAR, PHD WILEY- INTERSCIENCE A Wiley-lnterscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.

2 Contents Figures Foreword Preface Acknowledgments Glossary of Acronyms and Terms Author Profile xix xxiii xxv xxxi xxxiii xxxv 1 The Quality Strategy for UML 1 Chapter Summary Modeling and Quality The Modeling Advantage Modeling Caveats Context of Model Quality Model Quality Positioning UML for Modeling Quality Aspects of UML Understanding Modeling Spaces in Software Modeling Spaces and UML Importance of UML Diagrams to Respective Models 8 VII

3 VIII List of UML Diagrams UML Diagrams and Modeling Spaces Model of Problem Space (MOPS) Model of Solution Space (MOSS) Model of Background Space (MOBS) Verification and Validation Quality Models Syntax 'Quality Models Semantics Quality Models Aesthetics Quality Techniques and V&V Checks Quality Checks and Skills Levels Levels of Quality Checks to UML Diagrams Syntax Checks and UML Elements (Focus on Correctness) Semantic Checks and UML Diagrams (Focus on Completeness and Consistency) Aesthetic Checks and UML Models (Focus on Symmetry and Consistency) Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) and Quality Prototyping and Modeling Spaces 23 Discussion Topics 24 References 25 2 Nature and Basics of UML Diagrams 27 Chapter Summary The Nature of UML Diagrams Elasticity of UML Structural versus Behavioral Nature of UML Diagrams Static versus Dynamic Nature of UML Diagrams Use Case Diagrams Nature of Use Case Diagrams Putting Together a Use Case Diagram Activity Diagrams Nature of Activity Diagrams Putting Together an Activity Diagram Specifications in an Activity Diagram 34

4 IX 2.4 Class Diagrams Nature of Class Diagrams Putting Together a Class Diagram Specification of a Class Sequence Diagrams Nature of Sequence Diagrams Putting Together a Sequence Diagram Specifications of a Sequence Diagram Communication Diagrams Nature of Communication Diagrams Putting Together a Communication Diagram Interaction Overview Diagrams Nature of Interaction Overview Diagrams Putting Together an Interaction Overview Diagram Object Diagrams Nature of Object Diagrams Putting Together an Object Diagram State Machine Diagrams Nature of State Machine Diagrams Putting Together a State Machine Diagram Composite Structure Diagrams Nature of Composite Structure Diagrams Putting Together a Composite Structure Diagram Component Diagrams Nature of Component Diagrams Putting Together a Component Diagram Specifications of a Component Diagram Deployment Diagrams Nature of Deployment Diagrams Putting Together a Deployment Diagram Package Diagrams Nature of Package Diagrams Putting Together a Package Diagram Specifications of a Package Diagram Timing Diagrams Nature of Timing Diagrams Putting Together a Timing Diagram 49

5 2.15 UML's Extensibility Mechanisms Stereotypes Notes Constraints Tagged Values UML Meta-Models and Quality 53 Discussion Topics 55 References 56 Strengths, Weaknesses, Objectives and Traps (SWOT) of UML Diagrams 57 Chapter Summary SWOT Analysis of the UML Diagrams SWOT of Use Case Diagrams Strengths of Use Cases and Use Case Diagrams Weaknesses of Use Cases and Use Case Diagrams Objectives of Use Cases and Use Case Diagrams Traps of Use Cases and Use Case Diagrams SWOT of Activity Diagrams Strengths of Activity Diagrams Weaknesses of Activity Diagrams Objectives of Activity Diagrams Traps of Activity Diagrams SWOT of Classes and Class Diagrams Strengths of Classes and Class Diagrams Weaknesses of Classes and Class Diagrams Objectives of Classes and Class Diagrams Traps of Classes and Class Diagrams SWOT of Sequence Diagrams Strengths of Sequence Diagrams Weaknesses of Sequence Diagrams Objectives of Sequence Diagrams Traps of Sequence Diagrams SWOT of Communication Diagrams Strengths of Communication Diagrams Weaknesses of Communication Diagrams Objectives of Communication Diagrams Traps of Communication Diagrams 74

6 XI 3.7 SWOT of Interaction Overview Diagrams Strengths of Interaction Overview Diagrams Weaknesses of Interaction Overview Diagrams Objectives of Interaction Overview Diagrams Traps of Interaction Overview Diagrams SWOT of Object Diagrams Strengths of Object Diagrams Weaknesses of Object Diagrams Objectives of Object Diagrams Traps of Object Diagrams SWOT of State Machine Diagrams Strengths of State Machine Diagrams Weaknesses of State Machine Diagrams Objectives of State Machine Diagrams Traps of State Machine Diagrams SWOT of Composite Structure Diagrams Strengths of Composite Structure Diagrams Weaknesses of Composite Structure Diagrams Objectives of Composite Structure Diagrams Traps of Composite Structure Diagrams SWOT of Component Diagrams Strengths of Component Diagrams Weaknesses of Component Diagrams Objectives of Component Diagrams Traps of Component Diagrams SWOT of Deployment Diagrams Strengths of Deployment Diagrams Weaknesses of Deployment Diagrams Objectives of Deployment Diagrams Traps of Deployment Diagrams SWOT of Package Diagrams Strengths of Package Diagrams Weaknesses of Package Diagrams 81 I Objectives of Package Diagrams 81 i Traps of Package Diagrams SWOT of Timing Diagrams Strengths of Timing Diagrams Weaknesses of Timing Diagrams Objectives of Timing Diagrams Traps of Timing Diagrams 82

7 XII Discussion Topics 82 Note 83 References 84 4 V&V of the Quality of MOPS 85 Chapter Summary UML Diagrams in MOPS V&V of Use Cases and Use Case Diagrams in MOPS Actors and Use Cases Initial List List of Use Case Diagrams Describing Client Maintenance Use Case Diagrams Actor-Class Confusion Actor Documentation and Quality Checks Describing Policy Creation and Policy Maintenance Use Case Diagrams Use Case Documentation and Quality Checks Describing the Claims Processing Use Case Diagram Describing the Sales Campaigning Use Case Diagram Syntax Checks for Use Case Diagrams Semantic Checks for Use Case Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Use Case Diagrams Acceptance Testing and Use Case Documentation Quality of Activity Diagrams in MOPS Describing the AddsClientDetails Activity Diagram Describing the CreatesHomelnsurancePolicy Activity Diagram Syntax Checks for Activity Diagrams Semantic Checks for Activity Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Activity Diagrams Quality of Package Diagrams in MOPS Describing the LUCKY Package Diagram Syntax Checks for the LUCKY Package Diagram Semantic Checks for the LUCKY Package Diagram Aesthetic Checks for the LUCKY Package Diagram Quality of Classes and Class Diagrams in MOPS Documenting a Class Syntax Checks for Classes Semantic Checks for Classes Aesthetic Checks for the Client Class 138

8 XIII Describing the ClientDetails Class Diagram Describing the PolicyDetails Class Diagram Syntax Checks for Class Diagrams Semantic Checks for Class Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Class Diagrams Quality of Sequence Diagrams in MOPS Describing the CreateClient Sequence Diagram Describing the CreateClientOnlnternet Sequence Diagram Describing the ApprovePolicy Sequence Diagram Syntax Checks for Sequence Diagrams Semantic Checks for Sequence Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Sequence Diagrams Quality of State Machine Diagrams in MOPS Describing the Client State Machine Diagram 150 \ A.I.2 Describing the Policy State Machine Diagram Syntax Checks for the ClientStates State Machine Diagram Semantic Checks for the ClientStates State Machine Diagram Aesthetic Checks for the ClientStates State Machine Diagram Quality of Interaction Overview Diagrams in MOPS Describing the CreateClient Interaction Overview Diagram Syntax Checks for Interaction Overview Diagrams Semantic Check for Interaction Overview Diagrams Aesthetic Check for Interaction Overview Diagrams Validating the Entire MOPS Use Case to Activity Diagram Dependency and Quality Use Case to Class Diagram Dependency and Quality Class to Sequence Diagram Dependency and Quality Interaction Overview Diagram to Sequence Diagram and Use Case Dependencies Quality of Documentation Associated with MOPS Aesthetics of MOPS Summary of Quality Checks for MOPS 158 Discussion Topics 158 References 160

9 XIV 5 V&V of the Quality of MOSS 161 Chapter Summary UML Diagrams in the Solution Space (MOSS) Analyzing MOPS for MOSS for a Solution Analysis of Use Cases in the Solution Space Analysis of Business Class Diagrams in the Solution Space Analyzing Activity Diagrams in the Solution Space Quality of Classes and Class Diagrams in MOSS Syntax Checks for Classes in the Solution Space Semantic Checks for Classes in the Solution Space Aesthetic Checks for Classes at the Design Level Describing Class Diagrams in MOSS Syntax Checks of Class Diagrams in MOSS Semantic Checks of Class Diagrams in MOSS Aesthetic Checks of Class Diagrams in MOSS Quality of Sequence Diagrams in MOSS Describing the Sequence of Submission of a Claim Syntax Checks for Sequence Diagrams Semantic Checks for Sequence Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Sequence Diagrams Quality of Communication Diagrams in MOSS Describing the SubmitsClaim Communication Diagram Syntax Checks for Communication Diagrams Semantic Checks for Communication Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Communication Diagrams Quality of Object Diagrams in MOSS Describing the Object Diagram for Policy and Claim Syntax Checks for Object Diagrams Semantic Checks for Object Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Object Diagrams Quality of State Machine Diagrams in MOSS Describing an Advanced State Machine Diagram for Claim Syntax Checks for State Machine Diagrams in MOSS 186

10 XV Semantic Checks for State Machine Diagrams in MOSS Aesthetic Checks for State Machine Diagrams in MOSS Quality of Timing Diagrams in MOSS Describing the Timing Diagram for Policy and Claim in MOSS Syntax Checks for Timing Diagrams in MOSS Semantic Checks for Timing Diagrams in MOSS Aesthetic Checks for Timing Diagrams in MOSS Converting Models into Systems Cross-Diagram Dependencies 189 Discussion Topics 190 References V&V of the Quality of MOBS Chapter Summary 6.1 Working in the Background Space 6.2 UML Diagrams in the Background Space (MOBS) Layers in Software Architecture (Functional vs. Infrastructure) Relating the Functional Slices to the Infrastructure 6.3 V&V of Package Diagrams in MOBS Syntax Checks for Package Diagrams in MOBS Semantic Checks for Package Diagrams in MOBS Aesthetic Checks for Package Diagrams in MOSS 6.4 Classes and Class Diagrams in the Background Space Relational Table Representation by Classes Mapping ClientDetails to Relational Tables Describing Active Classes in MOBS Class and Granularity of Design in the Background Space Assigning Classes to Components 6.5 V&V of Class Diagrams in the Background Space Syntax Checks for Class Diagrams in MOBS Semantic Checks for Class Diagrams in MOBS Aesthetic Checks for Class Diagrams in MOBS

11 XVI 6.6 V&V of Robustness through Class Diagrams in MOBS Extending Class Diagrams to Robustness Diagrams Robustness through Alternative Sequence Diagrams Syntax Checks for Robustness Diagrams in MOBS Semantic Checks for Robustness Diagrams in MOBS Aesthetic Checks for Robustness Diagrams in MOBS V&V of Component Diagrams in MOBS Syntax Checks for Component Diagrams in MOBS Semantic Checks for Component Diagrams in MOBS Aesthetic Checks for Component Diagrams in MOBS V&V of Composite Structure Diagrams in MOBS Syntax Checks for Composite Structure Diagrams Semantic Checks for Composite Structure Diagrams Aesthetic Checks for Composite Structure Diagrams V&V of Deployment Diagrams in MOBS Factors Influencing Deployment of Systems Syntax Checks for Deployment Diagrams in MOBS Semantic Checks for Deployment Diagrams in MOBS Aesthetic Checks for Deployment Diagrams in MOBS Cross-diagram dependencies in MOBS 222 Discussion Topics 223 References Managing the V&V Process 225 Chapter Summary Processes and UML Understanding the Process and Process Components A Simple Process Architecture A Process Component for V&V of Class Diagrams Iterations and Increments in a Process Iterations and Increments Project-Level Iterations 229

12 XVII Discussion Topics 230 Note 230 References 230 Appendix A LUCKY Insurance Case Study 231 Appendix B UML CASE Tools 237 Appendix C Summary of Checks for V&V of the Quality of MOPS 241 Appendix D Summary of Checks for V&V of the Quality of MOSS 251 Appendix E Summary of Checks for V&V of the Quality of MOBS 257 Appendix F Templates for Actors, Use Cases and Classes in MOPS 263 Index 267