Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL. Rule Designer. Version 1.1

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1 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL Rule Designer Version 1.1

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3 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL Rule Designer Version 1.1

4 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL Copyright Notice Copyright IBM Corporation 2000 All rights reserved. May only be used pursuant to a Tivoli Systems Software License Agreement, an IBM Software License Agreement, or Addendum for Tivoli Products to IBM Customer or License Agreement. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, or otherwise, without prior written permission of IBM Corporation. IBM Corporation grants you limited permission to make hardcopy or other reproductions of any machine-readable documentation for your own use, provided that each such reproduction shall carry the IBM Corporation copyright notice. No other rights under copyright are granted without prior written permission of IBM Corporation. The document is not intended for production and is furnished as is without warranty of any kind. All warranties on this document are hereby disclaimed, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corporation. Trademarks IBM, the IBM logo, Tivoli, the Tivoli logo, AIX, Cross-Site, NetView, OS/2, Planet Tivoli, RS/6000, Tivoli Certified, Tivoli Enterprise, Tivoli Ready, and TME are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation or Tivoli Systems Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation. Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or service marks of others. Notices References in this publication to Tivoli Systems or IBM products, programs, or services do not imply that they will be available in all countries in which Tivoli Systems or IBM operates. Any reference to these products, programs, or services is not intended to imply that only Tivoli Systems or IBM products, programs, or services can be used. Subject to valid intellectual property or other legally protectable right of Tivoli Systems or IBM, any functionally equivalent product, program, or service can be used instead of the referenced product, program, or service. The evaluation and verification of operation in conjunction with other products, except those expressly designated by Tivoli Systems or IBM, are the responsibility of the user. Tivoli Systems or IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents. You can send license inquiries, in writing, to the IBM Director of Licensing, IBM Corporation, North Castle Drive, Armonk, New York , U.S.A.

5 Contents Chapter 1. Creating and Editing Rules.. 1 Creating Rules Rule Designer Menu Actions Statistic Domains Rule Documentation Creating New Rules New Rule Wizard - Step New Rule Wizard - Step New Rule Wizard - Step New Rule Wizard - Step Editing Rules Rule Editor Menu Actions Chapter 2. Scheduling Rule Scheduling Options Interval Based Schedules Time of Day Schedules Managing Time of Day Schedules Rules Which Execute Only Once Rules Which are Run Manually Restricting a Schedule Based on the Part of the Day 9 Managing Part of the Day Restrictions Restricting a Schedule Based on the Days of the Week Managing Days of the Week Restrictions Restricting a Schedule Based on the Days of the Month Managing Days of the Month Restrictions Restricting a Schedule Based on the Weeks of the Month Managing Weeks of the Month Restrictions Restricting a Schedule Based on the Months of the Year Managing Months of the Year Restrictions Restricting a Schedule Based on Dates Managing Date Restrictions Chapter 3. Selections Rule Selections Format for Selections Simple Selections Selections with Wildcards Selections with Exceptions Chapter 4. Conditions Rule Condition Adding Statistics to a Rule s Condition Adding Operators to a Rule s Condition Defining User Statistics Adding Constants to a Rule s Condition Adding User Defined Statistics to a Rule s Condition Adding Variables to a Rule s Condition Adding Predefined Variables to a Rule s Condition Adding Functions to a Rule s Condition Examples of a Rule s Condition Chapter 5. Actions Overview Guidelines for Symbol Formatting Guidelines for Adding Rule Conditions Notification Actions Export Log Mail Message Event Page Problem Event SNMP Trap Windows Event Corrective Actions Copy Execute OS Command Execute SQL Priority Remove SNMP Set Terminate Working Set Rule Control Actions Variable Management Actions Append Calculate Check Bounds Close Create Decrement Delete Increment Read Write Zero Action Types Managing Actions Adding or Inserting an Action Changing an Action Type Modifying an Action Activating and Inactivating an Action Removing an Action Undoing a Removed Action Ordering Actions Appendix. Glossary iii

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7 Chapter 1. Creating and Editing Rules Creating Rules This chapter describes how to create and edit rules. The Tivoli Rule Designer is used to create and modify rules graphically, and is invoked from the Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL. The Rule Designer s main window has five tabs. These tabs represent the five major components of a rule: Documentation Schedule Selections Condition Actions To enter or modify information, click the tab and make changes. From the File menu click Save Rule when you have completed the rule, or when you want to save what you have entered so far. Menu and toolbar actions available Rule Designer Menu Actions Tivoli Rule Designer File Menu: Menu Name Toolbar Icon Action New Rule Discard the current rule and create a new rule Open Rule Save Rule Save Rule As Print Close Discard the current rule and opens another rule Save the rule Save the rule with a different name Print the rule Close the Rule Designer Tivoli Rule Designer Edit Menu: Menu Name Toolbar Icon Action 1

8 Cut Copy Paste Select All Cut the selected text to the clipboard Copy the selected text to the clipboard Paste text from the clipboard Select all the text Tivoli Rule Designer Rule Menu: Menu Name Toolbar Icon Action View Rule Code Convert to ASCII Run the Statistic Builder View the rule in Tivoli s internal rule language Convert the rule to Tivoli s internal rule language Run the Tivoli Statistic Builder Statistic Domains Tivoli rules operate on many different areas of the operating system, which are called statistic domains. Examples of statistic domains are files, processes and memory. Each statistic domain contains statistics, which are the individual items of data on which Tivoli rules are based. For example, PAGE_FAULT_RATE is a statistic in the memory domain that contains the number of page faults experienced by the computer per second during the interval of the rule. A rule could therefore be written to execute actions when this rate is too high. There are two basic categories of statistic domains: scalar and enumerated. The statistics in a scalar domain contain a single value. For example, the memory domain is a scalar domain, and the statistic, PAGE_FAULT_RATE contains a single value. Statistics in an enumerated domain contain a value for each instance of that domain which exists on the computer. Files and processes are examples of enumerated domains. The process statistic, PROCESS_CPU_PCT, contains a value for each process currently running on the computer. For each process, this statistic contains the percentage of the total CPU time used by that process during the interval of the rule. When a rule executes in a scalar domain, it executes only once. When a rule executes in an enumerated domain, it executes once for each instance of that domain. For example, a rule executing in the process domain will execute once for each process on the computer. Since each process statistic can have a different value for each process, the rule s condition may be true for some processes and false for others. The rule s actions may therefore be executed multiple times for different processes. In an enumerated domain rule, you may limit the instances considered for the rule through the use of selections. Selections are not valid for scalar domain rules. Statistics from scalar domains may be used in any rule, even rules for a different statistic domain. However statistics from enumerated domains may only be used 2 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

9 Rule Documentation Creating New Rules in a rule for that domain. This means that you may create a process rule that uses a scalar statistic, such as a memory statistic, as part of the rule. For example, you may want to execute an action for each process that is using a lot of memory, but only when the overall memory on the computer is low. Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL also allows you to define your own statistics, either from the Windows NT Performance Database, an ASCII file or an ODBC data source using the Tivoli Statistic Builder. A rule s documentation consists of the description and the author. Both the description and author are optional. The description should be used to document what the rule is checking, what actions it will take, and any dependencies with other rules. The author documents the name of the person, group or organization that wrote the rule. You create new rules with the New Rule Wizard. There are four steps to creating a new rule: Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Choose the rule s name, and optionally enter a description of the rule. Choose the rule s statistic domain. This is the area of the operating system from which your rule will collect and analyze information. Choose the primary scheduling option for your rule. Review your choices and use the Rule Designer s main window to enter additional scheduling options, selections, conditions and actions. A rule must contain at least one action. From the File menu, click Save Rule to save the new rule. New Rule Wizard - Step 1 Enter the name of your new rule. This name must be unique within its directory. Enter a rule description. The rule description is optional and does not affect the execution of the rule; it is simply used as a comment in the rule. Click Next to proceed with step 2. Click Cancel to cancel the creation of the new rule. If you want to create a rule using Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL s internal rule language, check Manually Edit the Rule, and click Finish. This will display the Tivoli Rule Editor window, where you can edit the rule. New Rule Wizard - Step 2 In this window, select the rule s statistic domain. This is the area of the operating system from which your rule will collect and analyze information. A short description of the statistic domain is displayed. Click Next to proceed with step 3. Click the Back to go back to step 1. Click Cancel to cancel the creation of the new rule. Chapter 1. Creating and Editing Rules 3

10 New Rule Wizard - Step 3 Select one of the four scheduling options: Interval Time of day Run only once when the rule process is started Run manually Click Next to proceed with step 4. Click Back to go back to step 2. Click Cancel to cancel the creation of the new rule. New Rule Wizard - Step 4 Step 4 summarizes of the rule properties specified so far. Click Finish to proceed to the Rule Designer s main window. You may then enter additional scheduling options, selections, conditions and actions. Click Back to go back to step 3. Click Cancel to cancel the creation of the new rule. Editing Rules The Tivoli Rule Editor allows you to create or modify rules using Tivoli s internal rule language. For a description of this language, refer to the Rule Writing Reference Manual. From the File menu click Save Rule when you have completed the rule, or when you want to save what you have entered so far. Rule Editor Menu Actions Tivoli Rule Editor File Menu: Menu Name Toolbar Icon Action New Rule Discard the current rule and create a new rule Open Rule Save Rule Save Rule As Print Close Discard the current rule and opens another rule Save the rule Save the rule with a different name Print the rule Close the Rule Designer Tivoli Rule Editor Edit Menu: Menu Name Toolbar Icon Action Cut Copy Cut the selected text to the clipboard Copy the selected text to the clipboard 4 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

11 Paste Select All Paste text from the clipboard Select all the text Tivoli Rule Editor Rule Menu: Menu Name Toolbar Icon Action Verify Verify the rule syntax Chapter 1. Creating and Editing Rules 5

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13 Chapter 2. Scheduling Rule Scheduling Options The schedule of a rule determines when to execute the rule. When a rule is executed, the statistics referenced by the rule are collected, the condition of the rule is evaluated, and the appropriate actions are taken. There are four types of schedules: Interval based schedules Time of day schedules Rules which execute only once Rules which are run manually (Asynchronous) If the Rule is Initially Enabled box is checked, the rule is enabled until explicitly disabled by a rule s action or in the user interface. This is the normal case. To initially disable a rule, uncheck this box. The following restrictions are used to limit when a rule can be executed: Part of the day Days of the week Days of the month Weeks of the month Months of the year Dates Interval Based Schedules Interval based schedules are the most common type of schedule. For an interval based schedule, you must specify the interval or frequency you want for rule execution. The initial value assigned to an interval based schedule is one hour, which means the rule will execute every hour on the hour. To change the interval, click the Interval component. Then, either type a new value or use the arrows to change the value of the selected component. Rules are not executed at the first scheduled interval when the rule is started. At this time, the rule s statistics are initialized. In subsequent intervals, the value of statistics that reflect activity during the interval can be calculated for a full interval. Other options available for interval based schedules: Part of the day 7

14 Days of the week Days of the month Weeks of the month Months of the year Dates Time of Day Schedules For time of day schedules, you must specify one or more times of day. You can either type a list of times, separated by commas, into the Time of Day box, or click Modify next to this box to manage the list of times. The rule will execute at each time of day specified. Other options available for time of day schedules: Days of the week Days of the month Weeks of the month Months of the year Dates Managing Time of Day Schedules To add a time of day to the current list of times, click a time component in the Time to Add box. Then, either type a new value or use the arrows to change the value of the selected component. Click Add to add this time to the list. To modify a time in the current list, select the time, then click Modify. The time is loaded into the Time to Add box. Modify the time as described above, and click Update to replace the time in the list. To remove a time in the current list, select the time, then click Remove. To remove all entries from the list of times, click Remove All. When you are done forming the list of times, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Rules Which Execute Only Once There are no scheduling options for rules which execute only once. The rule executes when you start the Tivoli rule process. This kind of schedule is often used for rules that initialize variables used in other rules or to announce that a Tivoli rule process has started. 8 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

15 Rules Which are Run Manually There are no scheduling options for rules which are run manually. This kind of rule (sometimes referred to as an asynchronous rule) does not execute at any scheduled time. It can be executed in two ways. The first way is to execute the rule from the Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL. The second way is to execute the rule from another rule using the Execute Rule action. Rules which are run manually are used when you do not want to regularly execute the rule. Restricting a Schedule Based on the Part of the Day For Interval based schedules, you can restrict the schedule to a part of the day. For example, you may want a rule to execute every 15 minutes, but only between the hours of 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM. To manage the part of the day restriction, click the Schedule tab, select Part of the Day in the Restrictions list, and click Modify. Managing Part of the Day Restrictions To add a time range to the current list of time ranges, set the desired beginning and ending time in the two boxes under Part of the Day to Add. To do this, click a time component in either box. Then, either type a new value or use the arrows to change the value of the selected component. After setting both the beginning and end of the range, click Add to add this range to the list. To modify a time range in the current list, select the time range, then click Modify. The time range is loaded into the two boxes under Part of the Day to Add. Modify the time range as described above, and click Update to replace the time range in the list. To remove a time range in the current list, select the time range, then click Remove. To remove all entries from the list of time ranges, click Remove All. When you are done forming the list of time ranges, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Restricting a Schedule Based on the Days of the Week For Interval based and Time of Day schedules, you can restrict the schedule to certain days of the week. For example, you may want a rule to execute only Monday through Friday. To manage the days of the week restriction, click the Schedule tab, select Days of the Week in the Restrictions list, and click Modify. Managing Days of the Week Restrictions Check the days of the week you want the rule to run. You can click Clear All to uncheck all days, Set All to check all days, or click an individual day to either check or uncheck the day. When you have the desired days checked, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Chapter 2. Scheduling 9

16 Restricting a Schedule Based on the Days of the Month For Interval based and Time of Day schedules, you can restrict the schedule to certain days of the month. For example, you may want a rule to execute only on the first day of the month. To manage the days of the month restriction, click the Schedule tab, select Days of the Month in the Restrictions list, and click Modify. Managing Days of the Month Restrictions Check the days of the month you want the rule to run. You can click Clear All to uncheck all days, Set All to check all days, or click an individual day to either check or uncheck the day. When you have the desired days checked, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Restricting a Schedule Based on the Weeks of the Month For Interval based and Time of Day schedules, you can restrict the schedule to certain weeks of the month. For example, you may want a rule to execute only on the first week of the month. To manage the weeks of the month restriction, click the Schedule tab, select Weeks of the Month in the Restrictions list, and click Modify. Managing Weeks of the Month Restrictions Check the weeks of the month you want the rule to run. You can click Clear All to uncheck all weeks, Set All to check all weeks, or click an individual week to either check or uncheck the week. When you have the desired weeks checked, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Restricting a Schedule Based on the Months of the Year For Interval based and Time of Day schedules, you can restrict the schedule to certain months of the year. For example, you may want a rule to execute only during June and December. To manage the months of the year restriction, click the Schedule tab, select Months of the Year in the Restrictions list, and click Modify. Managing Months of the Year Restrictions Check the months of the year you want the rule to run. You can click Clear All to uncheck all months, Set All to check all months, or click an individual month to either check or uncheck the month. When you have the desired months checked, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. 10 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

17 Restricting a Schedule Based on Dates For Interval based and Time of Day schedules, you can restrict the schedule to certain specific dates. For example, you may want a rule to execute only between March 1, 1998 and May 30, To manage the dates restriction, click the Schedule tab, select Dates in the Restrictions list, and click Modify. Managing Date Restrictions To add a date range to the current list of date ranges, set the desired beginning and ending date in the two boxes under Date Range to Add. To do this, click the date component in either box. Then, either type a new value or use the arrows to change the value of the selected component. Then click either Include or Exclude. It only makes sense to specify a date range to exclude if it is contained within a wider date range to include. After setting both the beginning and end of the range, and the Include/Exclude option, click Add to add this range to the list. To modify a date range in the current list, select the date range, then click Modify. The date range is loaded into the two boxes under Date Range to Add. Modify the date range as described above, and click Update to replace the date range in the list. To remove a date range in the current list, select the date range, then click Remove. To remove all entries from the list of date ranges, click Remove All. When you are done forming the list of date ranges, click OK. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Chapter 2. Scheduling 11

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19 Chapter 3. Selections Rule Selections Format for Selections Rule selections are meaningful only for rules in one of the enumerated statistic domains. Selections are used to limit the instances of the statistic domain considered for rule execution. Only some of the statistics in the statistic domain are available for selection. These statistics are listed when you click the Statistic drop-down list. To enter a selection, select a statistic from this list so that it is displayed in the statistic box. A description of the statistic is displayed underneath the statistic name. Then, enter the selections for this statistic in the Selection box, and click Add. The statistic and its associated selection is added to the Current Selections list. You may enter additional selections by repeating the above procedure. The instances of the statistic domain considered for rule execution are those that match all selections. Therefore, each additional selection entered potentially serves to further reduce the number of instances considered by the rule. You can not enter more than one selection for the same statistic. If you try to do this, the second entry will replace the existing one in the list. To modify one of the Current Selections, click an item in the Current Selections list, then click Modify. The statistic and its selection are loaded into the Statistic and Selection boxes above. Modify the selection and click Update to put it back into the Current Selections list. To remove one of the Current Selections, click an item in the Current Selections list, then click Remove. The statistic and its selection are removed from the Current Selections list. Selections are a list of values or value ranges, separated by commas. A dash ( - ) separates the beginning and ending values of the range. An instance of the statistic domain is selected if the value of the selection statistic is either one of the values in the list, or if it is contained within one of the ranges in the list. A selection may have only one item in the list, reducing it to a single value or range. Simple Selections Selections with Wildcards Selections with Exceptions Simple Selections Examples of simple selections: 1. The value must be The value must be between 1 and

20 TOM,DICK,HARRY The value must be either TOM, DICK or HARRY Selection statistics will contain either numeric or alphanumeric string values. The above formatting syntax applies to both kinds of statistics, but there are a few differences. When a range is specified for numeric statistics, it is evaluated numerically; when a range is specified for string statistics, it is evaluated alphabetically. Therefore, a numeric statistic with a value of 2 will fall within the range: However, a string statistic with a value of 2 does not fall within the range 1-10, since 2 is alphabetically greater than 10. Also, the letters B (for Begin) and E (for End), can be used to refer to the smallest and largest possible values of a range. Therefore the range B-99 means any number less than or equal to 99. Similarly, the range 1000-E means any number greater than or equal to Selections with Wildcards Two special wildcard characters, * and %, can be used for string selection values, but not in ranges. The * character matches any set of characters. For example, the selection value of A* matches any value beginning with an A. The selection value of *XYZ* matches any value containing the characters: XYZ. The % character matches any single character. For example, the selection value of A%CD matches any value containing four characters, where the first character is A, the third character is C and the fourth character is D. The second character can be anything. The all-inclusive wildcard value of * is the only time a wildcard value can be used in a numeric selection. Examples of selections containing wildcards: TOM,DICK,H* A*,CA-F,*X ABC% %_* The value must be either TOM, DICK, or anything beginning with an H The value must either begin with an A, fall in the range between CA and F, orendwithan X The value must be exactly four characters long, beginning with ABC The value must begin with a single character followed by an _ Selections with Exceptions Exceptions may be specified by entering E= followed by a list of values or ranges. When a list is specified in an exception, it must be enclosed in parentheses. A single value in an exception list may also contain wildcard characters if it is for a string statistic. The use of exceptions is meaningful only when a wider selection is also included. An instance of the statistic domain is selected if the value matches one of the non-exception values or ranges, and does not match one of the exception values or ranges. Examples of selections which include exceptions: T*,E=(TOM,TED),DICK AB*,E=(ABC-ABX) Anything beginning with a T, but excluding TOM and TED, or DICK Anything beginning with AB but excluding anything in the range between ABC and ABX 14 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

21 A*,E=*X Anything which begins with an A, but does not end with an X E=(10,20-29,33) Everything except the following: 10, anything between 20 and 29, and 33 Chapter 3. Selections 15

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23 Chapter 4. Conditions Rule Condition Rule Condition: The rule s condition is an expression that either evaluates to True or False. If no condition is entered for a rule, it always evaluates to True. The rule s condition may include any of the following items: Statistics User Defined Statistics Variables Predefined Variables Constants Operators Functions To perform other actions you can click: Undo to undo the effect of your last action. Redo to redo the last undo action. Clear to clear the expression. Revert to return the expression to its original form. Test to check the validity of the expression. Examples of expressions that define a rule s condition Adding Statistics to a Rule s Condition You may include the value of a Tivoli statistic in the rule s condition by selecting the statistic name from the list of statistics displayed. A description of the statistic is displayed below the Statistic list. Click Add Statistic, and the statistic is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. To select a statistic from a different statistic domain, select the domain from the Domain drop-down list (above the statistic list), and the list of statistics is changed to contain the statistics for the selected domain. Note that other than the rule s statistic domain, only statistics from scalar domains may be selected. An alternative way of entering a statistic in the rule s condition is to simply type the statistic name into the Expression box. 17

24 Adding Operators to a Rule s Condition Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes arithmetic, logical and precedence operators (such as +, = and OR) which may be used in a rule s condition. You may include an operator in the rule s condition by first selecting Operators from the class list. A list of Tivoli s operators is displayed. Select the operator from this list and a description of it is displayed below the operator list. Click Add Operator to add the operator to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering one of the more commonly used operators in the rule s condition is to click the button containing the operator s symbol. These buttons are located below the Expression box. Also, you may simply type the operator symbol into the Expression box. Defining User Statistics Enter the name of the user statistic you want to add, or select an existing user statistic to modify. You can then form the expression that defines the statistic in a way very similar to forming the rule s condition. However, the expression that defines a user statistic can include only statistic names, arithmetic operators, parentheses and constants. Select these items from the window and add them to the expression, or simply type them into the Expression box. To perform other actions you can click: Undo to undo the effect of your last action. Redo to redo the last undo action. Clear to clear the expression. Test to check the validity of the expression. When the expression is complete, click OK to close this window and apply the changes. Click Apply to apply the changes and leave the window open. Click Cancel to close this window and discard any changes. Adding Constants to a Rule s Condition Constants are simply numbers or string literals that are entered in the Expression box. String constants must be enclosed in double quotes, and are case sensitive. Examples of constants: DISK Adding User Defined Statistics to a Rule s Condition You may include the value of a user defined statistic in the rule s condition by first selecting User Defined Statistics from the class list. A list of user defined statistics defined for the rule is displayed. Select the statistic name from this list, and the expression defined for the statistic is displayed below the statistic list. Click Add Statistic (under the list of user statistics), and the user defined statistic is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering a user defined statistic in the rule s condition is to simply type the statistic name into the Expression box. 18 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

25 To add or modify a user defined statistic, click Define User Statistic. Adding Variables to a Rule s Condition You may include the value of a variable in the rule s condition by first selecting Variables from the class list. A list of variables referenced in the rule is displayed. Select the variable name from this list, click Add Variable, and the variable is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. Variables do not have to be referenced in the rule to be used in its condition. You can enter any variable in the rule s condition by simply typing the variable name into the Expression box. Adding Predefined Variables to a Rule s Condition Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes several predefined variables that contain information about the execution of the rule. You may include the value of a predefined variable in the rule s condition by first selecting Predefined Variables from the class list. A list of Tivoli s predefined variables is displayed. Select the variable name from this list and its description is displayed below the predefined variable list. Click Add Variable and the predefined variable is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering a predefined variable in the rule s condition is to simply type the predefined variable name into the Expression box. Adding Functions to a Rule s Condition Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes several functions that perform various operations on statistics or variables. You may include a function in the rule s condition by first selecting Functions from the class list. A list of Tivoli s functions is displayed. Select the function name from this list and its description is displayed below the function list. Click Add Function and the function is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering a function in the rule s condition is to simply type function name into the Expression box. Examples of a Rule s Condition The CPU is more than 85% busy: CPU_BUSY_PCT > 85 A computer is not reachable with TCP/IP: IP_REACHABLE = 0 A service is not running: SERVICE_STATE <> RUNNING A disk has less than 15% free space or it has less than 30 megabytes free: (DISK_FREE_PCT < 15) OR (DISK_FREE_MB < 30) A process has used no CPU time and has a working set of more than 1 million bytes: (PROCESS_CPU_PCT = 0) AND (PROCESS_WORKING_SET_BYTES > ) Chapter 4. Conditions 19

26 An event in the Windows NT event log has a subtype of ERROR and was generated within the last day (86400 seconds): (EVT_SUBTYPE = ERROR ) AND (EVT_AGE_SECONDS < 86400) 20 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

27 Chapter 5. Actions Overview A Tivoli rule can execute actions based on the evaluation of the rule s condition. Actions are how a Tivoli rule communicates with you and with other Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL components. Also, actions are how Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL corrects problems found on your computer. A rule must have at least one action. Actions are divided into the following four categories: v Notification Actions v Corrective Actions v Rule Control Actions v Variable Management Actions Guidelines for Symbol Formatting Note: Regarding Computer Selection: Specify either the Local Computer or the name of a Remote Computer. Symbol substitution allows you to substitute the current value of a symbol (statistic, variable, etc.) in text. Symbol substitution is supported in the Remote Computer. Click Insert Symbol to add a symbol, or select an existing symbol and click Edit Symbol to modify a symbol. In both cases, the Symbol Formatting window is displayed. You may substitute the formatted value of one items in the following list: Note: After this list you see information on how to format the symbol, how to justify the symbol, and other formatting options. A Statistic To select a statistic, click the statistic name from the list of statistics displayed. A description of the statistic is displayed below the statistic list, and the statistic name is moved to the Symbol to Format box in the lower portion of the window. To select a statistic from a different statistic domain, select the domain from the Domain drop-down list (above the statistic list), and the list of statistics is changed to contain the statistics for the selected domain. Note that other than the rule s statistic domain, only statistics from scalar domains may be selected. An alternative way of selecting a statistic is to simply type the statistic name into the Symbol to Format box. A User Defined Statistic To select a user defined statistic, select User Defined Statistics from the Class list. A list of user defined statistics defined for the rule is displayed. Select the statistic name from this list, and the expression defined for the statistic is displayed below the statistic list. The statistic name is moved to the Symbol to Format box in the lower portion of the window. An alternative way of selecting a user defined statistic is to simply type the statistic name into the Symbol to Format box. A Variable To select a variable, select Variables from the Class list. A list of variables referenced in the rule is displayed. Select the variable name from this list, 21

28 and the variable name is moved to the Symbol to Format box in the lower portion of the window. Variables do not have to be referenced in the rule to be symbol substituted. An alternative way of selecting a variable is to simply type the variable name into the Symbol to Format box. A Predefined Variable Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes several predefined variables that contain information about the execution of the rule. To select a predefined variable, select Predefined Variables from the Class list. A list of the predefined variables is displayed. Select the variable name from this list and its description is displayed below the predefined variable list. The variable name is moved to the Symbol to Format box in the lower portion of the window. An alternative way of selecting a predefined variable is to simply type the variable name into the Symbol to Format box. A Predefined Symbol Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes several predefined symbols. To select a predefined symbol, select Predefined Symbols from the Class list. A list of the predefined symbols is displayed. Select the symbol name from this list and its description is displayed below the predefined symbol list. The symbol name is moved to the Symbol to Format box in the lower portion of the window. An alternative way of selecting a predefined symbol is to simply type the symbol name into the Symbol to Format box. Symbol Formatting Choices Symbol Formatting Choices v Format Select this option to format v Natural A string or number normally v Date Tivoli date/time values as a date v Time Tivoli date/time values as a time v Date and Time Tivoli date/time values as a date and time Symbol Justification Choices The justification choices are enabled only if the Explicit Length formatting option is selected. v Left The value of the symbol is left justified to the specified length v Center The value of the symbol is center justified to the specified length v Right The value of the symbol is right justified to the specified length Symbol Formatting Options Explicit Length specifies the number of characters to allocate for the value of the symbol. If the length of the symbol is more than this number, it is truncated. If it is less than this number, it is space padded (unless Zero Fill is also selected). Explicit Precision is valid for numeric values, and when the Format is Natural. It is the number of digits displayed to the right of the decimal point. If this value is zero, the decimal point is not displayed. For example, a value of 3.1 which has an explicit precision of two is displayed as Zero Fill pertains to naturally formatted numbers only, and only if the Explicit Length option is selected. If specified, the number is padded with zeroes rather than spaces. For example, a value of twenty which is right justified and zero filled to an explicit length of three and a precision of zero is displayed as Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

29 Insert Digit Separators pertains to naturally formatted numbers only. If specified, the number is displayed with a digit separator (usually a comma) every three digits. For example, a value of one million is displayed as 1,000,000. Guidelines for Adding Rule Conditions Note: Regarding the Definition of an Expression for an Action: The method of defining an expression for an action is identical to that of a Rule Condition, and the Expression Definition window is nearly identical to that of the rule s Condition tab in the main Rule Designer window. The rule s condition is an expression that either evaluates to True or False. Ifno condition is entered for a rule, it always evaluates to True. You can add any of the following items to a rule s condition: Statistics You may include the value of a Tivoli statistic in the rule s condition by selecting the statistic name from the list of statistics displayed. A description of the statistic is displayed below the Statistic list. Click Add Statistic, and the statistic is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. To select a statistic from a different statistic domain, select the domain from the Domain drop-down list (above the statistic list), and the list of statistics is changed to contain the statistics for the selected domain. Note that other than the rule s statistic domain, only statistics from scalar domains may be selected. An alternative way of entering a statistic in the rule s condition is to simply type the statistic name into the Expression box. User Defined Statistics You may include the value of a user defined statistic in the rule s condition by first selecting User Defined Statistics from the class list. A list of user defined statistics defined for the rule is displayed. Select the statistic name from this list, and the expression defined for the statistic is displayed below the statistic list. Click Add Statistic (under the list of user statistics), and the user defined statistic is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering a user defined statistic in the rule s condition is to simply type the statistic name into the Expression box. Variables You may include the value of a variable in the rule s condition by first selecting Variables from the class list. A list of variables referenced in the rule is displayed. Select the variable name from this list, click Add Variable, and the variable is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. Variables do not have to be referenced in the rule to be used in its condition. You can enter any variable in the rule s condition by simply typing the variable name into the Expression box. Predefined Variables Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes several predefined variables that contain information about the execution of the rule. You may include the value of a predefined variable in the rule s condition by first selecting Predefined Variables from the class list. A list of Tivoli s predefined variables is displayed. Select the variable name from this list and its description is displayed below the predefined variable list. Click Add Variable and the predefined variable is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering a Chapter 5. Actions 23

30 predefined variable in the rule s condition is to simply type the predefined variable name into the Expression box. Constants Constants are simply numbers or string literals that are entered in the Expression box. String constants must be enclosed in double quotes, and are case sensitive. Examples of constants: "DISK" Operators Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes arithmetic, logical and precedence operators (such as +, = and OR) which may be used in a rule s condition. You may include an operator in the rule s condition by first selecting Operators from the class list. A list of Tivoli s operators is displayed. Select the operator from this list and a description of it is displayed below the operator list. Click Add Operator to add the operator to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering one of the more commonly used operators in the rule s condition is to click the button containing the operator s symbol. These buttons are located below the Expression box. Also, you may simply type the operator symbol into the Expression box. Functions Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL includes several functions that perform various operations on statistics or variables. You may include a function in the rule s condition by first selecting Functions from the class list. A list of Tivoli s functions is displayed. Select the function name from this list and its description is displayed below the function list. Click Add Function and the function is added to the rule s condition, which is displayed in the Expression box. An alternative way of entering a function in the rule s condition is to simply type function name into the Expression box. Other Actions for Rule Conditions To perform other actions you can click: v Undo to undo the effect of your last action. v Redo to redo the last undo action. v Clear to clear the expression. v Revert to return the expression to its original form. v Test to check the validity of the expression. Defining User Statistics: Enter the name of the user statistic you want to add, or select an existing user statistic to modify. You can then form the expression that defines the statistic in a way very similar to forming the rule s condition. However, the expression that defines a user statistic can include only statistic names, arithmetic operators, parentheses and constants. Select these items from the window and add them to the expression, or simply type them into the Expression box. Examples of expressions that define a rule s condition: 85% busy: CPU_BUSY_PCT > 85 The CPU is more than A computer is not reachable with TCP/IP: IP_REACHABLE = 0 A service is not running: SERVICE_STATE <> RUNNING 24 Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL: Rule Designer

31 Notification Actions A disk has less than 15% free space or it has less than 30 megabytes free: (DISK_FREE_PCT < 15) OR (DISK_FREE_MB < 30) A process has used no CPU time and has a working set of more than 1 million bytes: (PROCESS_CPU_PCT = 0) AND (PROCESS_WORKING_SET_BYTES > ) An event in the Windows NT event log has a subtype of ERROR and was generated within the last day (86400 seconds): (EVT_SUBTYPE = ERROR ) AND (EVT_AGE_SECONDS < 86400) A Tivoli rule communicates with you and with other Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL components by executing a notification action. For example, a rule can be written to report problems by sending mail or creating a problem event. The following is a list of all Tivoli Management Solution for Microsoft SQL notification actions: v Export v Log v Mail v Message Event v Page v Problem Event v SNMP Trap v Windows Event Export The Export action writes the data specified in the Data to Export tab to the object defined in the Export Object tab. This can be a binary data file, a jet database or an ODBC data source. The Export Action window as two tabs: v v Data to Export tab Enter the list of statistics, variables, and other symbols to export Export Object tab Enter the export object (file, jet database or ODBC data source), table, options, user ID and password Export Action - Data to Export Tab The data to export can include statistics, user defined statistics, predefined symbols, predefined variables and variables. See Export Data Selection on page 26 for information on the types of data that you can export. The following operations are supported: Note: When exporting to a jet database, the first two columns written are always RecordNumber and DateTime. The first statistic or variable specified in this list will actually be written to the third column of the database. When exporting to an existing database, these two columns must already be defined in the database. Adding or Inserting a Data Item: 1. Make sure no data item is selected. 2. Click Add. Chapter 5. Actions 25