Contents. 1 IntroductiontoComputers,the Internetand

Transcription

1 Contents Preface BeforeYouBegin xxiii 1 IntroductiontoComputers,the Internetand Visual C# Introduction WhatIs acomputer? Computer Organization Personal Computing, Distributed Computing and Client/Server Computing HardwareTrends Microsoft s Windows Operating System Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages Visual Basic C, C++ and Java Visual C# Other High-Level Languages Structured Programming Key SoftwareTrend: Object Technology The Internet and the World WideWeb Extensible Markup Language (XML) Introduction tomicrosoft.net The.NET Framework and the Common Language Runtime Test-Driving ac# Advanced Painter Application (Only Required Section ofthe Case Study) SoftwareEngineering Case Study: Introduction toobject Technology and the UML Wrap-Up Web Resources 23 2 Dive Into Visual C# 2008 Express Introduction Overview of the Visual Studio2008IDE MenuBar and Toolbar Navigating the Visual Studio IDE Solution Explorer Toolbox Properties Window 48 xli

2 x Contents 2.5 Using Help Using Visual Programming to CreateaSimple Program that Displays Text and an Image Wrap-Up Web Resources 64 3 IntroductiontoC# Applications Introduction ASimpleC# Application: Displaying alineoftext Creating asimpleapplication invisualc# Express Modifying Your Simple C#Application Formatting Text with Console.Write and Console.WriteLine Another C#Application:Adding Integers Memory Concepts Arithmetic Decision Making: Equality and RelationalOperators (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Examining the ATM Requirements Document Wrap-Up Web Resources IntroductiontoClasses and Objects Introduction Classes,Objects, Methods, Properties and InstanceVariables DeclaringaClass with amethodand Instantiating an Object of aclass DeclaringaMethodwith aparameter Instance Variables and Properties UML Class Diagram with aproperty SoftwareEngineering with Properties and set and get Accessors Auto-Implemented Properties Value Types vs. Reference Types Initializing Objects with Constructors Floating-Point Numbers and Type decimal (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Identifying the Classes in the ATM Requirements Document Wrap-Up Control Statements:Part Introduction Algorithms Pseudocode Control Structures if Single-Selection Statement 174

3 Contents xi 5.6 if else Double-Selection Statement while Repetition Statement Formulating Algorithms: Counter-ControlledRepetition Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements Compound Assignment Operators Increment and Decrement Operators Simple Types (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Identifying Class Attributes in the ATM System Wrap-Up Control Statements:Part Introduction Essentials of Counter-ControlledRepetition for Repetition Statement Examples Using the for Statement do while Repetition Statement switch Multiple-SelectionStatement break and continue Statements Logical Operators Structured-Programming Summary (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Identifying Objects States and Activities in the ATM System Wrap-Up Methods:ADeeper Look Introduction Packaging Code inc# static Methods, static Variables and Class Math DeclaringMethods with Multiple Parameters Notes on Declaringand Using Methods Method-Call Stack and ActivationRecords Argument Promotionand Casting The.NET Framework Class Library CaseStudy:Random-Number Generation Scaling and Shifting Random Numbers Random-Number Repeatability for Testingand Debugging CaseStudy:AGame of Chance(Introducing Enumerations) ScopeofDeclarations Method Overloading Recursion PassingArguments: Pass-by-Valuevs.Pass-by-Reference 305

4 xii Contents 7.15 (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Identifying Class Operations in the ATMSystem Wrap-Up Arrays Introduction Arrays Declaringand Creating Arrays Examples Using Arrays CaseStudy:CardShuffling and Dealing Simulation foreach Statement PassingArrays and Array Elements to Methods PassingArrays by Valueand by Reference CaseStudy:Class GradeBook Using anarray tostore Grades MultidimensionalArrays CaseStudy:Class GradeBook Using arectangulararray Variable-Length Argument Lists Using Command-LineArguments (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: CollaborationAmong Objects in the ATM System Wrap-Up IntroductiontoLINQ and Generic Collections Introduction Querying an Array Using LINQ Introduction tocollections Querying ageneric Collection Using LINQ Wrap-Up Deitel LINQ Resource Center Classes and Objects:ADeeperLook Introduction Time Class Case Study Controlling Access tomembers Referring tothe Current Object s Members with the this Reference Indexers Time Class Case Study: OverloadedConstructors Default and Parameterless Constructors Composition Garbage Collection and Destructors static Class Members readonly InstanceVariables SoftwareReusability 455

5 Contents xiii Data Abstractionand Encapsulation Time Class Case Study: Creating Class Libraries internal Access Class View and Object Browser Object Initializers Time Class CaseStudy:Extension Methods Delegates Lambda Expressions Anonymous Types (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Starting to Programthe Classes of the ATMSystem Wrap-Up Object-Oriented Programming:Inheritance Introduction BaseClasses and Derived Classes protected Members Relationship between BaseClasses and Derived Classes Creating and Usinga CommissionEmployee Class Creating a BasePlusCommissionEmployee Class without Using Inheritance Creating a CommissionEmployee BasePlusCommissionEmployee InheritanceHierarchy CommissionEmployee BasePlusCommissionEmployee InheritanceHierarchy Using protected Instance Variables CommissionEmployee BasePlusCommissionEmployee InheritanceHierarchy Using private InstanceVariables Constructors in Derived Classes SoftwareEngineering with Inheritance Class object Wrap-Up Polymorphism,Interfaces and Operator Overloading Introduction Polymorphism Examples Demonstrating Polymorphic Behavior Abstract Classes and Methods CaseStudy:Payroll System Using Polymorphism Creating AbstractBaseClass Employee Creating ConcreteDerived Class SalariedEmployee Creating ConcreteDerived Class HourlyEmployee Creating ConcreteDerived Class CommissionEmployee 554

6 xiv Contents Creating Indirect ConcreteDerived Class BasePlusCommissionEmployee PolymorphicProcessing,Operator is and Downcasting Summary of the Allowed Assignments Between Base-Class and Derived-Class Variables sealed Methods and Classes CaseStudy:Creatingand Using Interfaces Developing an IPayable Hierarchy Declaring Interface IPayable Creating Class Invoice Modifying Class Employee toimplement Interface IPayable Modifying Class SalariedEmployee for Use with IPayable Using Interface IPayable toprocess Invoicesand Employees Polymorphically Common Interfaces of the.net Framework Class Library Operator Overloading (Optional) Software Engineering CaseStudy: Incorporating Inheritance and Polymorphismintothe ATMSystem Wrap-Up ExceptionHandling Introduction Exception-Handling Overview Example: Divide by Zero without Exception Handling Example: Handling DivideByZeroExceptions and FormatExceptions Enclosing Code ina try Block Catching Exceptions Uncaught Exceptions Termination Model of Exception Handling Flow of Control When Exceptions Occur NET Exception Hierarchy Class SystemException Determining Which Exceptions amethod Throws finally Block Exception Properties User-Defined Exception Classes Wrap-Up Graphical User Interfaces with Windows Forms:Part Introduction Windows Forms EventHandling ASimple Event-Driven GUI 629

7 Contents xv Another Look at the Visual Studio Generated Code Delegates and the Event-Handling Mechanism OtherWays to CreateEventHandlers Locating EventInformation Control Properties and Layout Labels, TextBoxes and Buttons GroupBoxes and Panels CheckBoxes and RadioButtons PictureBoxes ToolTips NumericUpDown Control Mouse-EventHandling Keyboard-Event Handling Wrap-Up Graphical User InterfaceswithWindows Forms:Part Introduction Menus MonthCalendar Control DateTimePicker Control LinkLabel Control ListBox Control CheckedListBox Control ComboBox Control TreeView Control ListView Control TabControl Control Multiple Document Interface(MDI) Windows Visual Inheritance User-Defined Controls Wrap-Up GUIwithWindows Presentation Foundation Introduction Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) XML Basics Structuring Data XML Namespaces DeclarativeGUIProgramming Using XAML Creating awpf Application invisual C#Express Laying Out Controls GeneralLayout Principles Layout in Action 767

8 xvi Contents 16.9 EventHandling Commands and CommonApplication Tasks WPF GUI Customization Using Styles tochangeacontrol s Appearance Customizing Windows Defining acontrol s Appearance with Control Templates Data-Driven GUIs with Data Binding Wrap-Up Web Resources WPFGraphics and Multimedia Introduction Controlling Fonts Basic Shapes Polygons and Polylines Brushes Transforms WPF Customization: ATelevision GUI Animations (Optional) 3-D Objects and Transforms Wrap-Up Strings,Characters and Regular Expressions Introduction Fundamentals of Characters and Strings string Constructors string Indexer, Length Property and CopyTo Method Comparing strings Locating Characters and Substrings in strings Extracting Substrings from strings Concatenating strings Miscellaneous string Methods Class StringBuilder Length and Capacity Properties, EnsureCapacity Method and Indexer of Class StringBuilder Append and AppendFormat Methods of Class StringBuilder Insert, Remove and Replace Methods of Class StringBuilder Char Methods CardShuffling and Dealing Simulation Introduction toregular-expression Processing SimpleRegularExpressionsand Class Regex ComplexRegular Expressions ValidatingUser Input with Regular Expressions and LINQ Regex Methods Replace and Split Wrap-Up 905

9 Contents xvii 19 Files and Streams Introduction Data Hierarchy Files and Streams Classes File and Directory Creating asequential-access Text File Reading Data from asequential-access Text File CaseStudy:Credit Inquiry Program Using LINQ Serialization Creating asequential-access FileUsing Object Serialization Reading and Deserializing Data from abinary File Wrap-Up XMLand LINQ toxml Introduction Document Type Definitions (DTDs) W3C XML Schema Documents Extensible Stylesheet Language and XSL Transformations LINQ toxml: DocumentObject Model (DOM) LINQ toxml Class Hierarchy LINQ toxml: Namespaces and CreatingDocuments XSLT with Class XslCompiledTransform Wrap-Up Web Resources Databases and LINQ tosql Introduction Relational Databases Relational Database Overview: Books Database SQL Basic SELECT Query WHERE Clause ORDER BY Clause Retrieving Data from Multiple Tables: INNER JOIN INSERT Statement UPDATE Statement DELETE Statement LINQ tosql LINQ tosql: Extracting Informationfrom adatabase Creating LINQ tosql Classes Creating Data Bindings MoreComplex LINQ Queries and Data Binding RetrievingData from Multiple Tables with LINQ 1037

10 xviii Contents 21.9 Creating amaster/detail View Application Programming with LINQ tosql: Address-Book Case Study Wrap-Up Tools and Web Resources ASP.NET3.5 and ASP.NET AJAX Introduction Simple HTTP Transactions Multitier Application Architecture Creating and Running asimpleweb-form Example Examining an ASPX File Examining acode-behind File Relationship Between an ASPX Fileand acode-behindfile Howthe Codeinan ASP.NETWebPage Executes Examining the XHTML Generated by an ASP.NET Application Building an ASP.NET WebApplication Web Controls Text and Graphics Controls AdRotator Control Validation Controls Session Tracking Cookies Session Tracking with HttpSessionState CaseStudy:Connectingto adatabase inasp.net Building aweb FormThat Displays Data from adatabase Modifying the Code-Behind Filefor the Guestbook Application CaseStudy:SecureBooks DatabaseApplication Examining the Completed Secure Books Database Application Creating the SecureBooks Database Application ASP.NET AJAX Traditional Web Applications AjaxWeb Applications Examining an ASP.NETAJAX Application New ASP.NET3.5 Data Controls Wrap-Up Web Resources Windows Communication Foundation(WCF) Web Services Introduction WCF Services Basics Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) RepresentationalStateTransfer (REST) 1175

11 Contents xix 23.5 JavaScriptObject Notation (JSON) Publishing and Consuming SOAP-Based WebServices Creating awcf WebService Codefor the WelcomeSOAPXMLService Building asoap-based WebService Deploying the WelcomeSOAPXMLService Creating aclienttoconsume the WelcomeSOAPXMLService Consuming the WelcomeSOAPXMLService Publishing and Consuming REST-Based XML Web Services Creating arest-based XML WebService Consuming arest-based XML Web Service Publishing and Consuming REST-Based JSON Web Services Creating arest-based JSON Web Service Consuming arest-based JSON WebService Blackjack Web Service: Using Session Tracking in asoap-based WebService Creating ablackjack Web Service Consuming the Blackjack Web Service Airline Reservation Web Service: Database Access and Invoking a Servicefrom ASP.NET Equation Generator: Returning User-Defined Types Creating the REST-Based XML EquationGenerator Web Service Consuming the REST-Based XML EquationGenerator Web Service Creating the REST-Based JSON EquationGenerator Web Service Consuming the REST-Based JSON EquationGenerator Web Service Wrap-Up Deitel Web Services Resource Centers Silverlight,Rich InternetApplications and Multimedia Introduction Platform Overview Silverlight Runtimeand Tools Installation Building asilverlight WeatherViewer Application GUI Layout Obtaining and Displaying Weather Forecast Data Custom Controls Animations and the FlickrViewer Images and Deep Zoom Getting Started With Deep Zoom Composer Creating asilverlightdeep Zoom Application 1258

12 xx Contents 24.7 Audioand Video Isolated Storage Silverlight Demos and Web Resources Wrap-Up Searching and Sorting Introduction Searching Algorithms Linear Search Binary Search Sorting Algorithms Selection Sort Insertion Sort Merge Sort Wrap-Up DataStructures Introduction Simple-Type structs, Boxing and Unboxing Self-Referential Classes LinkedLists Stacks Queues Trees Binary SearchTree of Integer Values Binary SearchTree of IComparable Objects Wrap-Up Generics Introduction Motivation for Generic Methods Generic-Method Implementation Type Constraints Overloading Generic Methods Generic Classes Wrap-Up Collections Introduction Collections Overview Class Array and Enumerators 1385

13 Contents xxi 28.4 Nongeneric Collections Class ArrayList Class Stack Class Hashtable Generic Collections Generic Class SortedDictionary Generic Class LinkedList Wrap-Up 1407 A OperatorPrecedenceChart 1413 B Simple Types 1415 C NumberSystems 1417 C.1 Introduction 1418 C.2 Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octaland HexadecimalNumbers 1421 C.3 Converting Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers to Binary Numbers 1422 C.4 Converting from Binary, Octal orhexadecimaltodecimal 1422 C.5 Converting from Decimal tobinary, OctalorHexadecimal 1423 C.6 NegativeBinary Numbers: Two s Complement Notation 1425 D ATM CaseStudy Code 1430 D.1 ATMCaseStudy Implementation 1430 D.2 Class ATM 1431 D.3 Class Screen 1437 D.4 Class Keypad 1437 D.5 Class CashDispenser 1438 D.6 Class DepositSlot 1439 D.7 Class Account 1440 D.8 Class BankDatabase 1442 D.9 Class Transaction 1445 D.10 Class BalanceInquiry 1447 D.11 Class Withdrawal 1448 D.12 Class Deposit 1452 D.13 Class ATMCaseStudy 1454 D.14 Wrap-Up 1454 E UML2:Additional DiagramTypes 1456 E.1 Introduction 1456 E.2 Additional Diagram Types 1456

14 xxii Contents F ASCII Character Set 1458 G Unicode 1459 G.1 Introduction 1460 G.2 Unicode Transformation Formats 1461 G.3 Characters and Glyphs 1462 G.4 Advantages/Disadvantages of Unicode 1462 G.5 Using Unicode 1463 G.6 Character Ranges 1465 H Using the Visual C# 2008 Debugger 1470 H.1 Introduction 1471 H.2 Breakpoints and the Continue Command 1471 H.3 DataTips and Visualizers 1477 H.4 The Locals and Watch Windows 1478 H.5 Controlling Execution Using the Step Into, Step Over, Step Out and Continue Commands 1481 H.6 Other Debugging Features 1484 H.6.1 Edit and Continue 1484 H.6.2 Exception Assistant 1486 H.6.3 Just My Code Debugging 1487 H.6.4 Other Debugger Features 1487 H.7 Wrap-Up 1487 Index 1491