MATS College of Technology. Instructor: Kristine Mae M. Adlaon COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS LABORATORY MANUAL

Transcription

1 2011 MATS College of Technology Instructor: Kristine Mae M. Adlaon COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS LABORATORY MANUAL

2 Hardware 1. Monitor 2. System Unit 3. Mouse 4. Keyboard 5. Automatic Voltage Regulator Software 1. Operating System Microsoft Windows 2000 (SP 2 or Higher), XP, or Vista or any Linux OS distributions. 2. Pentium compatible PC (Pentium III or Athlon recommended) MB RAM (512 MB RAM recommended) MB available hard disk space x768 resolution (higher resolution recommended), at least 256 colors Students 1. The laboratory is intended to be used for educational purposes only. 2. NO GAMES allowed. 3. No food, drinks or tobacco inside the laboratory. 4. You must log-in to your respective computer account and log it off after use. 5. Students are NOT PERMITTED to install any software on any computer units in the laboratory. 6. All bags must be left at the indicated place. 7. Workspace must be clean and tidy all the time. Trash can is available near the door. Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 2

3 8. Lab sessions must be completed within the given time. 9. All equipment (chairs, mouse, and mouse pads) must be RETURNED to their original place after use. 10. Students are strictly prohibited from taking out any item from the laboratory. 11. Students are NOT ALLOWED to work alone in the laboratory without any instructor. 12. Respect the privacy of others by refraining from accessing their files. 13. Handle all equipments with care. 14. Should there be any concerns; refer to the faculty in-charge. 15. The above rules and regulation will be strictly implemented. Faculty 1. Log-In to the IT LAB log book every time the laboratory will be use. 2. Settle schedule of laboratory classes to the faculty in- charge (to avoid conflicts). 3. Computer Units are to be used for educational purposes only. 4. NO GAMES allowed. 5. No food, drinks or tobacco inside the laboratory. 6. You must log-in to your respective computer account and log it off after use. 7. Workspace must be clean and tidy all the time. Trash can is available near the door. 8. Lab sessions must be completed within the given time. 9. All equipment (chairs, mouse, and mouse pads) must be RETURNED to their original place after use. 10. Faculty is allowed to use the computer units only if classes are not being conducted. 11. Handle all equipments with care. 12. Should there be any concerns; refer to the faculty in-charge. 13. The above rules and regulation will be strictly implemented. Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 3

4 Identify the different parts of a computer system Know how each and every parts of a computer system works Learn how each and every parts of the computers work together to produce a good output Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 4

5 I. Mouse - A mouse is a palm-sized device used to control the movement of an object on the computer screen called the cursor, or pointer. Left - Button Right - Button Scroll Wheel Cursor - The cursor is an arrow or other symbol on the screen that moves as you move the mouse. It is usually an arrow, but its appearance will vary depending on whether it is over text, blank space, an image or a website link. >arrow shape, pointing finger, I-beam, blinking vertical line Mouse and Cursor - To interact with objects on the screen, the cursor is moved over the object by moving the mouse and a button on the mouse (usually the left button) is depressed or "clicked". Most mice have two buttons, while some may have additional buttons, or even a wheel between the buttons for scrolling up and down through the information on the screen. Clicking and dragging - "Clicking and dragging" is a way to move certain objects on the screen and to hi-light text or images. To move an object, place the cursor over it, press and hold down the left mouse button, then move the mouse while still holding down the left mouse button. When you have "dragged" the object to the location you want, let go of the mouse button. Right clicking - Clicking the right button of the mouse opens up what is called a 'context menu.' If you accidentally open a context menu, you can close it again by moving the mouse cursor off of the grey menu box and then clicking the left mouse button. Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 5

6 Using the scroll wheel Most mice today have a wheel located between the left and right mouse button. This is the scroll wheel. As the name implies, it is used to scroll up or down pages that don t fit in one window. Double clicking Double clicking is used to open applications that are represented by icons on your computer screen. Icons appear on "the desktop" -- the area that you see on the screen when the computer is on. Remember, do not move the mouse between clicks-- the application will not open if the mouse moves. Double-click quickly -- about as fast as you can say "clickclick". Practice double-clicking the Internet Explorer icon Closing an Application One way to close an application is by clicking the X button found in the upper right corner of the application window. This is usually accompanied by the and buttons, which are minimize and maximize, respectively. II. System Unit This contains the central processing unit of your computer. This part of your computer unit is considered to be the most important. Front Panel Rear Panel Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 6

7 III. AVR ( Automatic Voltage Regulator) Regulates the power consumption of your computer unit. IV. Keyboard The keyboard is mainly used for typing text but it can be used for various functions as well. Using the Arrows on the Keyboard - To move down the page, press the downward pointing arrow on the keyboard. Each time you press the key, the document will scroll a small increment. To return to the top of the document, click on the up arrow. Try opening a document and using the keyboard arrows to scroll up and down. SUMMARY OF KEYS Escape key used for escaping programs, usually when we encounter problems Function keys composed of F1-F12 keys - Every key has a different function - Ex. F1 help, F12 save Print Screen, Scroll Lock, Break Ctrl, Shift, and Alt used on their own or with conjunction with other keys - Using with other keys produces different effects Number Keys composed of the numbers Pressing SHIFT+number will produce the symbols at the top of the numbers - Ex. SHIFT+2 Main body composed of the letters A-Z - Small letters by default - Pressing SHIFT+letter will produce CAPITAL letters Backspace in typing, it deletes characters to the left of the flashing cursor - In other programs, it is an alternative for the Back button (Ex. In Internet Explorer) Spacebar used to put spaces between words and sentences Caps Lock keys pressing it once will make every letter print UPPER CASE Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 7

8 - Pressing it a second time returns the key to normal Tabulation tab key used for indention or pushing text along the line in specified distances Enter Key executes a command - Comparable to a double-click of the mouse - In word processing, it is used to make another line Special Keys composed of INSERT, HOME, PAGE UP, DELETE, END, PAGE DOWN - Delete erases characters to the right of the blinking cursor - Home takes you to the beginning of the line or document(ctrl+home) - End takes you to the end of the line or document (CTRL+End) - Page up/page Down similar to scrolling Arrow Keys moves the cursor to the direction of the arrow Number pad designed to function as a small calculator - Num Lock turns on the Num Pad Indicators lights up when Num Lock, Caps Lock, or Scroll Lock is turned on V. Monitor the screen which enables you to see all manipulations that you do to your computer. VI. Desktop is the large area at the upper part of the screen. The desktop s main purpose is to hold shortcut icons that will help you work efficiently. Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 8

9 VII. Start menu clicking the start menu brings up a list of shortcuts to your programs. VIII. Taskbar The taskbar s main job is to show what applications/programs are currently running. The taskbar holds the Start menu button at the far left and the notification area in the far right. The currently running programs are displayed as buttons which you can click to open them. IX. Icons 1. Document icons These are files that are stored as part of the desktop. These icons represent actual documents rather than shortcuts. Deleting them will also delete the actual document 2. Shortcut icon This is an icon that represents a shortcut to a program or document and can be stored on the desktop. It is usually distinguished from other icons by the arrow at the bottom left corner of the icon. Deleting the shortcut icon will not delete the actual document. 3. Desktop Icons These are the icons that are found in your desktop. This usually includes My Computer, Recycle Bin, and Network Places. Desktop Icon Document Icon Shortcut Icon Laboratory Manual Ms. Kristine Mae M. Adlaon Page 9