Citrine (FPA) Tutorial #1

Transcription

1 Citrine (FPA) Tutorial #1 1. Introduction This tutorial provides a description of the options and workflow in KAPPA-Workstation. This includes creation of new documents, loading the data, performing diagnostics and creating analyses, including multi-well analyses and connection with Topaze NL. Before starting this session, the user is expected to have installed KAPPA-Workstation and started the FPA (Citrine) (and RTA (Topaze NL) for section 7) module. The tutorial will use the three files (below, left) located in the Examples folder in the Installation directory. Citrine starts (below, center) and brings the user to the File page. The active option is New and recent and a Blank icon can be seen towards the top left of the screen (below, right). One of the main capabilities of Citrine is to load and manipulate data from a large number of wells efficiently. This is achieved through a highly flexible diagnostics module relying on dashboard templates, fast data rendering, and most importantly, dedicated multi-well analysis workflows providing a high level of automation. Although this tutorial is based on a small group of wells (9), these features are covered in detail. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-1/27

2 2. Creating a new document Click on the Blank icon. This starts the new document wizard. Define Gas as Main phase and Casing head as Measurement type. Keep the rest as default and click on to proceed. The default Citrine screen will be displayed. The active tab is Data with an empty workspace. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-2/27

3 3. Importing data Citrine allows data load from various types of sources: from multi-well spreadsheets, databases with ODBC connectivity (SQL, Oracle, MSAccess, etc.), and IHS data formats (Enerdeq web service, Harmony, *.98c and *.98f files). Static well and/or reservoir data and dynamic or time-series data can be loaded into Citrine. As a note, in order to import data and begin an analysis, the minimum Well Data would be a Well Name, and possibly a unique well identifier if one intends to pull or reconcile data from several data sources. For Production Data, only production date and a single stream of production data (gas, oil, pressure, etc.) is required. The project can be updated with additional data later. As a rule, the flexible load of Citrine requires mapping between the data source content and the Citrine internal structure be performed. When loading from a database, this mapping can be saved in a separate *.xml file for reuse. For this tutorial, the raw data is a particular Excel file, loaded as a data source, and the configuration file is provided so you will not need to perform the mapping. After completing this tutorial, if you want to load data from your database, please check Data Load in Citrine 5.12.pdf in the Examples folder and the on-line help for more information on data source configuration. Click on the Load well data, Load from data source., icon in the ribbon at the top to access the data import wizard, then select As we are loading with a saved configuration, select Use a previously saved setting files and click on (below, left). KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-3/27

4 Load FPAEX01.xml located under the default examples folder. In the following dialog (above, right), the loaded data source is listed. If everything is OK, the Status checkbox in the dialog should appear checked. If you have 32-bit MS Office installed on your machine, you should switch to the corresponding ODBC driver type. The configuration just loaded points to FPAEX01.xlsx in the default examples folder. If the file is not in this location, the path inside the *.xml string should be edited by the user. Click on to edit the path to the source file. Copy the text from the field OLE DB initstring into a Notepad, edit the path to the file according to the file location on your machine and insert the edited line back. Click OK. Click on to proceed. The following dialog (below, left) shows the relationship between the input file fields (the table on the left) and the internal Citrine structure (the table on the right), which has already been defined. To view the contents of a certain field, click on (below, right: WELL_ID field values). A new property may be defined using. Keep the configuration as defined and click on to proceed. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-4/27

5 In the following dialog (below, left), the incoming rate and pressure dynamic data channels (column: Source ) have already been mapped to Citrine Data Types. Similar to the previous dialog, contents of a certain channel may be viewed by clicking on. Click on. The last step in the import process presents the list of available wells in the database along with the summary of well parameters which are about to be imported (above, right). Click on. If you made any changes to the *.xml file provided with the installation, you will be prompted to save the data load settings to a file. Once the data have been successfully loaded into Citrine, a number of tabs are created. The Data q tab is now activated (shown below). It contains a selection of plots referred to as a dashboard, which will be discussed later in the session. So far, the document is only in the active computer memory and is named Untitled1. Save it and call it FPA Tutorial 1 using at the top right of the window or using Save in the File menu. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-5/27

6 4. User Interface and Application features This section is mainly intended to explain different UI and application features to a new user. Workspace There are three tabs in the main document workspace, which exist in any document and cannot be closed: Properties ( ), Well Data ( ) and Map ( ). Switch to the Properties tab which contains a table of well properties. The columns can be sorted and rearranged. Remove the Longitude and Latitude columns along with all the empty columns from the display by dragging their headers outside the table space. Note that the cumulative productions were calculated for each phase and the column headers are color-coded accordingly. These columns are highlighted in pale grey indicating that these properties are dependent on the loaded gauges. The color assigned to the data points for each well on the plots is also displayed in the list and may be changed. We will stay with the default assignment for this session. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-6/27

7 There are three different lists on the left of the window. The Well List displays all the wells in the document. The list of working sets is displayed below, with a default All Wells working set. The third, Selection list, displays all the selected wells, allowing for a second level of well selection to be highlighted in the tables, plots and maps. The two buttons above the Selection list allow to select all wells ( ) or none ( ). If a single well is selected in the Well List, its dynamic channels will be listed in Selection list (below). If the switch at the top of the Properties tab is toggled (from Map data types to Well Properties ), the same list of gauges is shown for a well highlighted in the Selection list. If multiple gauges are present for the same rate or pressure type, the Active one can be set here. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-7/27

8 Dynamic data for each well can be viewed in the Well Data tab. The cells with the loaded data are not highlighted, while the calculated values are highlighted in pale grey, like phase volumes in the image below. Note that the Date displayed depends on the regional settings on your computer and may not be the same as the ones below: Data Types and Well Properties In the Data ribbon at the top, click on to see the list of available types of data (below, left). The list contains all the built-in data types. A new user-defined data type is added by clicking on. We do not need to do that for this session, so click on. Switch back to the Properties table and select All Wells working set to display all the wells in the Selection pane. Click on Well Properties in the ribbon at the top to open the Manage Properties dialog (above, right). Built-in properties are marked with and calculated properties with. Any new well properties defined at the Load step are added to this list automatically (like RESERVOIR in this case) and marked with, while the custom ones are marked with (only the last two property types can be removed). Click on to create a new custom well property. In the Definition panel, type Maximum rate for Name and qmax for Alias. Set the Data type to Number and check Calculated. Define the property as Maximum value of Rate (q) (above, right). Since a generic data type is used as a source, two new properties will be added, one for each phase. Click on. The new properties are added to the end of the Properties table as shown below: KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-8/27

9 Plots Click on in the top right corner of the main workspace. From the list of predefined templates under Plot tab, select log(q) vs. t (below, left). A new tab is added to the application workspace with the created plot (below, right): The toolbar above the plot is generic, containing the following groups of icons: Displayed phase indicator: Display options: o Auto-scale Data: lock scales / auto reset to data or data and model o Selected Wells Only: only display wells highlighted in the Selection list o Lasso Select: activate the lasso option o Show Preferred Analysis: display preferred analyses for wells (once they are created) o Show Markers: display markers for well events and model start date Straight lines and tooltips: Normalization: KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-9/27

10 A plot legend can be displayed using in the plot toolbar on the right. In the Selection pane highlight wells 1 and 2 (hold the Ctrl key and click on each). Data from all other wells are greyed out (below, left). Click on - only these two wells are displayed (below, right). Select all wells in the Selection list and disable the Selected Wells Only option for the dashboard before proceeding. Statistical curves Statistical curves may be useful to calculate average well behavior in a group of wells and to assess the range of production profiles. To display percentile curves, click on Statistics,, icon. The Statistical settings dialog pops up (below, left). For this illustration, keep the Time interval as Monthly, change the minimum gas rate to 300 Mscf/D and the minimum population size to 5 for the percentiles. Click on. Three statistical curves are now added to the plot and the statistical wells names are displayed in red font at the top of Selection list (P10, P50, P90) (above, right). Select P50 from the list. Now that Create Type Well button on the top ribbon is enabled, click on it to save the selected well. Keep the default well name and click OK. The name of the type well will be displayed in the Selection list in blue (below). KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-10/27

11 The Type Wells can be used to select the actual wells that follow a similar trend closely (to be chosen as representative wells) or be analysed directly in the Analysis tab. It is recommended to use the actual wells as representative for analysis as they have more data associated with them (well parameters, pressures, etc.). Click again on the Statistics icon to remove the curves from the plot. To remove the type well from the list, right click on it in the Selection list and click on Remove Type Well. Highlight all wells in the Selection list. Dashboards A dashboard is a selection of plots used to look at the same data from various angles at the same time. Let s create our own set of plots and save it as a custom dashboard. Right click on the currently displayed log(q) vs. t plot and from the options (below, left) choose to split the workspace vertically into two. Right click on the empty plot space ( Select a plot to display ) and select Q vs. t from the Plot tab to be displayed (above, right). Each plot can be further split vertically or horizontally. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-11/27

12 A dashboard has an active plot (the title bar of which is highlighted in yellow like the Q vs. t plot in the image above, left. Clicking on a plot within a dashboard makes it active. Some of the dashboard toolbar options (like straight lines and normalizations) apply only to the active plot. Save this custom dashboard using the option accessed via right click on any of its plots: Dashboard -> Save dashboard. Then click on the Dashboards icon in the top ribbon to access Dashboard manager (above, right). It shows a list of built-in and custom dashboards, the latter can be renamed here. The default dashboard for Diagnostic (automatically displayed when data are first loaded) and Analysis (displayed when the Analysis tab is called) can be changed here. Exit the Dashboard Manager with. 5. Diagnostic tools Switch to the Data q tab. It contains the following plots that are useful for the unconventional wells diagnostics: Rate semi-log plot ( log(q) vs. t ), Square root of time plot ( 1 q vs. t ), Blasingame plot: log-log plot of rate versus material balance time ( log(q) vs. log (t MB ) ), Rate and cumulative production semi-log plot ( log(q) vs. Q ). Straight lines Straight lines are useful for identifying specific trends and flow regimes in the data, and for trend extrapolations. Note that the plot toolbar actions are performed on the active plot of a dashboard. Maximize the log(q) vs. Q plot by double clicking on it. We will perform the simplest EUR forecast by extrapolating a straight line on this plot. Select Well 3 in the Selection and select Fit Line from the straight line options (below, left). Highlight a region through the last part of the well data to regress a line through it. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-12/27

13 The line can be interactively edited with the mouse rotated or translated across the plot. When a line is activated, it becomes dashed. Access the properties of the active line via the right click ( Lines -> Line properties ). In the dialog, type 100 in the Compute Y field and press the Tab key. The corresponding X value of the straight line would be calculated and displayed in the Compute X field (below). In other words, if the production decline continues down this straight line, by the time rate drops to 100 Mscf/d the cumulative production of the well would be around 2 bscf. The summary of all lines in the project can be viewed via Line Result,. Remove the line using right click: Lines -> Delete line (above, right) and double click on the current plot to restore it into the dashboard. Now select Well 8 in the Selection list. Maximize the Blasingame plot ( log(q) vs. log (t MB ) ). Since we are dealing with a log-log plot now, the fixed slope lines become available in the straight lines drop-down menu: negative unit, half, quarter and custom slopes. Select a negative half slope line (below, left). Place the line on the interval of data of Well 8 where they follow the trend. If data points fall on this trend, it means that the well is in the linear flow regime during the corresponding time period. For shale gas wells this, most likely, indicates linear flow of gas towards the hydraulic fractures. Now place a straight line with a negative unit slope on the later part of the data for the well (below, right). The interval where well data follows this trend may be an indicator of the pseudo-pseudo steady state flow regime in the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-13/27

14 Normalization schemes We will now proceed with normalizing the data displayed on the plot in order to establish some type behavior in this working set. Tick the Y-normalization checkbox in the dashboard toolbar. When this checkbox is ticked, a normalization scheme is activated. The dropdown list contains the predefined normalization schemes. Leave the scheme to the default of Q(6months) cumulative production of the displayed phase after 6 months. The Ref well field contains the reference well chosen to renormalize the data back to the original units and, more importantly, to keep straight lines on the plot in relevance to the wells data. Select Well 8 as a reference well (below, left) so that the straight lines correspond to its data. Click on in the selection list to see all wells (below, right). Note that after normalizing the data by the cumulative production of gas after 6 months, the data curves converge and follow the same straight lines, hence most of the wells exhibit linear flow followed by PSS in SRV. Untick the Y-normalization checkbox and restore the Blasingame plot to the dashboard. To add a custom normalization, click on in the ribbon at the top. Click on to add a new Normalization, type Maximum rate for Scheme and 1/qmax for Function. Since we defined qmax as an alias for the user-defined property, it was automatically bound (below, left), otherwise the user has to select a property to be bound to the variable. Click on. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-14/27

15 Maximize the log(q) vs. Q plot. Tick the Y-normalization checkbox in the dashboard toolbar and select the newly created normalization to be applied for the Y axis. Adjust the plot zoom to see all data (below, right). Now that all the curves start from the same level, it is possible to observe groups of common behaviour across the wells. Untick the Y-normalization checkbox and restore the plot by double clicking on it. Note that a normalization can also be applied to the X axis via Plot Properties, accessed with a right click on the plot. Ghosting This option allows the user to exclude anomalous data (outliers or noise) from analysis or regression. Maximize the log(q) vs. t plot. Click on the Exclude selected option in the ribbon and draw a lasso around the data that contain outliers (below, left). The aspect of the excluded data is now changed the data are still visible (below, right), but this part of the data will be ignored when an analysis is created. Note that the same data are hidden on all of the plots. If some meaningful data were excluded by mistake, you can un-ghost with Include selected or bring all the data back by using Include all. Now change the display phase in the drop-down menu above the dashboard to Oil. In the same way, ghost the outliers for the oil rate plot. Note that ghosting hides all data for the selected time points, but the outliers in oil and gas rates might occur at different times. Also, note that the two displayed dashboards ( Data q and My Dashboard (1) ) currently have different phases shown, i.e. their phase displays are independent of each other. Switch back to Gas for this dashboard and note that auto-zoom excludes the ghosted points. Restore the active plot to the dashboard by double clicking on it. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-15/27

16 6. Working sets Working sets are created to group wells according to their common behavior or properties in order to identify characteristic behaviors and underlying flow regimes, and to compare their performance. There are several ways of defining a working set: Manual selection from the wells list; Search by well names; Filter by well parameters; Select on a map (grouping according to location); Select on a plot (lasso option). As an example of a manual selection, hold the Ctrl key and pick several wells in the Selection list. Then right click on any of the selected wells and select New Working Set (below, left). Call it Selection WS and click on. The new working set now appears in the Working Sets pane (below, center). An alternative way is to create a working set using the Quick search option on the Well List. We will not use it now. Activate All Wells working set. It is also possible to create a working set using filters on well parameters. As an illustration, let s only select the wells with the lateral length greater than 6,000 ft. Switch to the table of well properties. Move the cursor to the Well Length column header. A sign appears at the top right of the column. Click on it and in the filter editor, define a filter for well length greater than 6000 ft (above, right). Click on. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-16/27

17 Select all the remaining wells in the table (hold the Shift key and click on the first and then the last row), rightclick on any of the highlighted wells in the Selection pane and select New Working Set. Call it Well length > 6000 ft. Note that since a custom working set exists in the document ( Selection WS ), options to update or add wells to it are available (above). Now remove the filter by unticking the checkbox in the bottom part of the Properties table or clicking on the cross to remove it completely:. Activate All Wells working set. To create a working set based on wells location, switch to the Map tab. The wells are displayed here according to the well coordinates that were defined when loading the data. Activate Well Selection option and draw a lasso around the five wells in the top left part of the map (below, left). The five selected wells are now highlighted in the Selection list and are shown in blue on the map. Create a working set by right clicking on the highlighted wells in the Selection list (above, right) and call it Map selection WS. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-17/27

18 Switch back to the default working set All Wells and activate My Dashboard (1). Click on the icon in the dashboard toolbar and draw a lasso around the two highest producing wells on the Q vs. t plot (below, left). These two wells are now selected. Save them as a new working set (below, right) called High production WS. Activate the All wells working set. Switch to Data q dashboard. When at least one custom working set is created, the Compare working sets option becomes active in the ribbon at the top. Click on it to display the working set comparison dialog. It recreates the currently active dashboard, and each working set is assigned a color to be compared against others. The user has the ability to select either all the wells in a working set or its individual wells for comparison. Select High production WS and Map selection WS in the list on the left to compare them (below). Close the Compare working sets dialog before proceeding. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-18/27

19 7. Analysis We will now proceed to creating analyses to estimate ultimate recovery from the wells. Decline curve analysis and connection with Topaze (RTA) can be accessed in the Analysis mode. Only one well is shown at a time in this mode, but multiple models for each well can be displayed and compared. Click on the Analysis tab in the ribbon. A special analysis dashboard appears in the workspace, its tab is highlighted with a grey color, darker than other tabs. The default Analysis dashboard contains certain plots, like decline parameters b and D versus time, that are useful for studying the decline behavior of a particular well. Whenever the Analysis mode is activated, the Analysis dashboard becomes active. Any workspace tab is accessible in both Data and Analysis modes. Decline curve analysis To create a new decline curve analysis for the highlighted Well 1, click on Create DCA in the ribbon at the top. In the dialog, the main phase rate and the pressure channel for the selected well are displayed (below, left). TMin is set to the first data point and TMax is by default assigned a value of the last point in time of the data channel, plus a 30 years forecast (the value specified in the Main Document options when creating a document, but may be edited). The Model field contains the list of the available decline models. Click on OK to create a Hyperbolic model for Well 1. Background regression was run on model parameters to obtain an initial match and the corresponding response appears on all plots as a black dashed line, and an analysis is added to the well node in the Selection list (below, right). The match can further be refined by interactively moving the model curve on the plots with the mouse, or by clicking on Parameters,, and either typing the parameters manually, changing them using sliders or running regression, with an option to assign more weight to either rates or cumulative production. Note that in the Parameters dialog the parameters are specific to the active model. The common features for all the models are the abandonment criteria and the time stamp, which is defined by the last data point. When additional data become available a new refined model can be added and compared with the original one. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-19/27

20 Create Stretched exponential, Power-law exponential and Logistic growth decline models for Well 1 and compare the responses on the plots. Change the scales status to Auto-scale Data and Model using the button on the toolbar above the dashboard. The models are added to the well node in the selection list with icon overlays indicating the analysis phase (oil or gas). The font has the following meaning: bold reference analysis (used for forecast results display and output for the well), normal any other analysis visible on plots, italics analysis hidden from plots. Make the Hyperbolic analysis reference by double clicking on it and hide the Power-law exponential analysis by unchecking in the Active Analysis drop down list (shown below). Click on Compare Results to see all the parameters for all the analyses for a given well in a table (below). Note that your results might vary slightly depending what points were ghosted. Close the dialog. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-20/27

21 To transfer a model from a representative well to other wells, click on the n-well is copied to other wells automatically with a background regression on model parameters. option. The chosen model The reference well (Well 1) is selected in the n-well dialog, the models created for this well are available in Select model dropdown menu (select Hyperbolic); the list of other wells is shown in the Target Wells panel (below, left). The Model parameters panel of the dialog is populated with the model parameters found for the reference well and the user has an option to exclude them from regression by fixing their values. Click the chosen model is added to all the target wells, adjusting the model parameters by regressing on the wells production rates. Once the processing is complete, a hyperbolic model is added to each of the selected wells (below, center). Multi-well processing may also be initiated without a reference well by selecting <No reference well> in the Reference well drop down list. The user can then choose a model from the list of all available decline models. The results for the reference models for all of the wells can be compared in Results summary (above, right). You can change the content of this window by dragging the columns outside of the table (remove the last two columns) or clicking on and adding other parameters to the list. Click on. Any forecast can be exported in ARIES format. The forecast is split into multiple segments, each matched with hyperbolic decline and the sequence of parameters is exported to be used in ARIES. Click on Export ARIES in the ribbon at the top. The list of the reference models for all the wells is displayed. Right click on the list and select Uncheck All, then select Well 1 only (below, left). Select Add equivalent multisegment analysis to wells, click on, specify the file location and name, and save it. The ARIES forecast is added to the list of analyses for this well (with a pictogram and the parent analysis name) (below, right) it is done so the user is able to verify on the plots that the splitting into segments and matching were done correctly. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-21/27

22 Connection with RTA The idea is to send data for a representative well from Citrine to Topaze for thorough modeling of the well and to bring back the simulated forecast together with a single step response that can be used as a seed to be transferred to other wells. The sequence of steps is as follows: o o o o o o Select a well in the group for a detailed analysis Specify reservoir and PVT parameters and send the well production data to Topaze Perform analytical/numerical modeling: history match + forecast Bring the match/forecast back to Citrine Adjust the imported model response for other wells in the group Display all the forecasts in the Diagnostics mode We will transfer Well 1 data for RTA analysis. Select this well in the Selection list. Make sure Topaze is running. In Citrine, click on To Topaze in the ribbon at the top. In the Topaze Analysis dialog (below, left) the selected well name is shown. Click on and define advanced PVT by clicking on : specify Fluid type as Dry Gas and reference pressure as 8,000 psia (below, right). Keep all the rest of the Fluid Properties as default and click OK. Close the Fluid properties dialog with OK. Click on and accept the default setup. In Topaze Analysis dialog the Gas rate is ticked automatically as it is the Analysis phase; select only Bottom-hole Pressure to be sent. Click on. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-22/27

23 A new Topaze document is created with the corresponding parameters and well data (below). The next step is to match the data in RTA. You can do your own match or, alternatively, open a saved Topaze file FPAEX01.kt5 from the Examples folder. The Forecast tab contains the model that was history matched and run for 30 years to simulate the forecast. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-23/27

24 Go back to Citrine. To transfer Topaze results back, click on From Topaze in the ribbon at the top. The dialog will list all the open Topaze documents with all the tabs containing model results. Tick Forecast analysis to be transferred and select both simulated and single step models to be retrieved (below, left). Click on OK. The two models are added for Well 1 in the Selection list: Forecast (SIM) with the Topaze simulation and Forecast (TC) with the equivalent single step model response (below, right). Set Forecast (TC) as the reference analysis for Well 1 by double clicking on it. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-24/27

25 Click on the n-well option and select Well 1 as the reference and Forecast (TC) as the selected model (below, left). Keep all the wells selected in Target Wells field and click on. The Topaze type curve is transferred to all other wells with an automatic refit (shifts on X and Y axes of the rate-time loglog plot). Note that subsequent manual adjustments of the fitted responses are possible, well by well. 8. Results Forecasts on plots Move to the My Dashboard (1) tab and return to Data mode by clicking on the Data tab at the top. Select all wells in the Selection list. To display the reference models on plots for all wells, click on Show Preferred Analysis button in the dashboard toolbar. The reference models are displayed on the plots; the color of the lines correspond do the color of the well data. Use the scales option on the dashboard toolbar to switch to Auto-scale Data and Model mode. The step-like appearance of the curves is due to the nature of a Topaze single step type curve. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-25/27

26 Bubble maps Go to Map, click on Bubbles in the side toolbar to display the Bubble Map Configuration. Up to three parameters can be used to display well parameters (including those derived from Analysis) on a map with the following map elements: bubble size, color and contour map. In the Bubble Size field select EUR (Gas) as Data for bubble size and set the scale factor as 1e+4 (below, left). Select Well length for contours and click on. The map is redrawn (below, right). Cross-plots Analysis results and well properties could be used to build cross-plots to observe correlations between them. This could be done by either creating a new Plot template or changing X and Y axes of any open plot via Plot properties. Click on Plots on the ribbon. In the dialog click on to create a new plot template. In the Name field type EUR vs. #Fracs. Change axes to number of fractures for X-axis and EUR for Y-axis. Note that the well parameters and analysis results are shown in blue in Plot Definition lists and once you selected a parameter for X-axis, the list of available options for Y-axis was filtered accordingly. Click on OK to open the cross-plot. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-26/27

27 Probit plot Statistical distribution of well parameters and analysis results can be viewed on a special type of plot referred to as Probit plot. To display it, switch to the Statistics tab at the top. A new Statistics dashboard is activated, it is blank because no property has been selected yet. In the dropdown Well property menu above the dashboards space select EUR (below). A Probit plot is constructed based on the EUR distribution across the wells and a regression line is placed automatically (below). 9. What s next? This tutorial is over. You may save the results and exit Citrine. However, you may want to explore the various options mentioned above further. This may include connecting Citrine to your company database (it is recommended that you go through the Data Load in Citrine 5.12.pdf document in the Examples folder), creating custom normalizations and plots for your data and creating different formulas for the data channels. KAPPA-Workstation also has a comprehensive contextual online help to assist the users whilst using the software. Users are encouraged to consult these. KW v Doc v KAPPA FPA Tutorial #1 FPAEX01-27/27