UHF RFID Embedded in Electronic Devices. Chris Diorio CTO, Impinj Inc.

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2 UHF RFID Embedded in Electronic Devices Chris Diorio CTO, Impinj Inc

3 UHF RFID Applications Today Supply-Chain Tracking Asset/Returns Management Retail Inventory Pharmaceuticals Authentication Consumables Authentication Customer Experience

4 The Next Application: Embedded RFID Embedded RFID enables wireless communications between a powered reader and an unpowered tag Unpowered communications is the key feature of Embedded RFID

Monza X 8k: 8192 bits Monza (industry leading) read and write sensitivity 6dB

5 The Tag Enabler: Monza X I2C interface for µp read/write memory access 400 kbps I2C data rate Wake-on-write I2C interrupt Large user memory Monza X 2k: 2176 bits Monza X 8k: 8192 bits Monza (industry leading) read and write sensitivity 6dB additional sensitivity with DCI True3D antenna technology QT security and privacy

6 The Reader Enabler: Indy RS500 Turnkey reader SIP that makes embedded RFID easy Impinj Radio Interface (IRI) 23dBm Tx over single RF port No external components required 30 32mm surface-mount package PA Market-leading performance Ideal for embedded applications

7 Example: SKU Reduction Write SKU# at shipment SKU-specific FW update SKU #1 SKU #1 SKU #2 SKU #1 Download proper FW

Example: PCB tagging WIP tracking Replaces barcode, saves PCB area Potentially embeddable inside PCB Warranty, returns, service Readable from outside device Can store service history

8 Example: PCB tagging WIP tracking Replaces barcode, saves PCB area Potentially embeddable inside PCB Warranty, returns, service Readable from outside device Can store service history Anti-counterfeiting Difficult to clone Easily traced Anti-diversion Deter theft Deter gray market Hypothetical additional use case: MonzaX in a mobile phone 1m read range Payment terminal identifies phone WiFi or Bluetooth then initiate secure communications with identified phone

9 Example: Consumables Authentication Appliances Beverage syrup Coffee pods Printer cartridges Water filters Air filters Batteries Light bulbs Brush heads Fleet/leased vehicles Air and oil filters Healthcare equipment Blood bags, more

10 Emerging RFID Apps Entertainment Smart toys Gaming hardware Hospitals Process control Kiosks Business intelligence Shopping experience Diagnostics Wireless error-code access from unpowered devices

11 Embedded RFID Will Deploy Broadly Phones Desktops Netbooks Laptops Tablets Servers Smart TVs Embedded Consumer electronics will embed UHF RFID broadly Battery-less communications = endless applications But up to now, we were missing a few key protocol elements

New UHF Gen2 V2 Protocol (aka G2) G2 is a superset of all existing RFID

concepts Legacy EAS concepts Files & File Management (New) Short Read

Tag Populations (Gen2) Long Read Range (Gen2) Cryptographic Security

12 New UHF Gen2 V2 Protocol (aka G2) G2 is a superset of all existing RFID technologies Existing UHF Gen2 + new concepts/ideas Legacy HF/NFC concepts Legacy EAS concepts Files & File Management (New) Short Read Range (NFC, HF) Item Authentication (NFC) File Privileges (New) G2 Large Tag Populations (Gen2) Long Read Range (Gen2) Cryptographic Security (NFC, HF) Fast Inventory (Gen2) Consumer Privacy (New) Loss Prevention (EAS)

13 UHF Gen2 and G2 Protocol Functionality Gen2 Today Select Inventory Access G2 Enhancements Anticounterfeiting Security File Management Untraceability Loss Prevention Definition Select a population of tags Inventory selected tags; get their EPCs Read/write/lock tag memory; kill the tag Definition Authenticate a tag as genuine Modify tag information securely Create files and assign access privileges Hide tag data to protect consumer privacy Use a tag for EAS In today s UHF Gen2 protocol New in UHF Gen2 V2 protocol = G

G2 for Cryptographic Anticounterfeiting Today s Gen2 RFID TID Future G2 RFID Key Read TID Challenge (RN) Response Reader reads static TID from tag memory Counterfeiter

14 G2 for Cryptographic Anticounterfeiting Today s Gen2 RFID TID Future G2 RFID Key Read TID Challenge (RN) Response Reader reads static TID from tag memory Counterfeiter can clone tag by copying TID Tag computes response from reader s random challenge and tag s secret key Counterfeiter cannot clone tag without knowing secret key

G2 for Cryptographic Security Command Challenge Authenticate

Function Challenges multiple tags simultaneously Performs tag,

with a MAC Encrypts a tag message Updates a tag s stored key

15 G2 for Cryptographic Security Command Challenge Authenticate AuthComm SecureComm KeyUpdate FilePrivilege TagPrivilege Function Challenges multiple tags simultaneously Performs tag, reader, or mutual authentication Authenticates a tag message with a MAC Encrypts a tag message Updates a tag s stored key Alters a reader s privileges to a file Alters a reader s privileges to the tag

read, write, and lock privileges G2 supports up to

16 G2 for File Management Key Concept: Partition User Memory into Files Tag Memory Readers have per-file read, write, and lock privileges G2 supports up to 1023 files, each of which can be up to ~2 Mbytes in size

17 G2 for Consumer Privacy (Untraceability) Key Concept: Hide Portions of Tag Memory Tag Memory Protected by range reduction, access privileges, or both Hide none or all Hide none, unique serialization, or all Hide none, part, or all Hide none, part, or all

18 G2 for Loss Prevention

19 G2 Status GS1 EPCglobal is finalizing the specification The specification is complete Has passed out of the working group Next step is approval and ratification Community and IP review Ratification (anticipated in 4Q 2012) ISO is standardizing the crypto suites 7 crypto suites submitted to date Present, ECC, AES ( 2), Grain, Hummingbird, CryptoGPS ISO will ratify the first crypto suites in

20 G2 Will Enable New Embedded Applications Brings people information about the physical world Product authenticity, provenance, price, location Electronic device configuration/enablement Shelf availability & shopping experience Food, medicine, patient safety Personal experience

21 Thank You #1 Market Share #1 Market Share #1 Market Share Most comprehensive platform in the industry

A Look Inside Today's Embedded RFID. Chris Diorio CTO, Impinj Inc.

1 2013 1 A Look Inside Today's Embedded RFID Chris Diorio CTO, Impinj Inc. 2 What is Embedded RFID? Definition Incorporating UHF RFID technology into another device for the purposes of configuration, authentication,