1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi. Date: 24/08/2016 Name: ID:

Transcription

1 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 1 Date: 24/08/2016 Name: ID: Name: ID: 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi The Raspberry Pi is a credit card-sized computer designed and manufactured in the UK with the initial intention of providing a cheap computing device for education. However, its applications grown beyond academic area. The Raspberry Pi s initial commercial release was in February Since then, the board has gone through a number of revisions with two models available; Model A and Model B. The Model A device is the cheaper and simpler of the two computers whereas the Model B is more powerful, including support for Ethernet connectivity.the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B was released in February 2015 while the recent one is the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B (using in this lab). Figure 1.1: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B is the third generation Raspberry Pi. It can be used in various applications and supersedes the original Raspberry Pi Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B. Whilst maintaining the popular board format the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B brings you a more powerful processer, 10x faster than the first generation Raspberry Pi. Additionally it adds wireless LAN Bluetooth connectivity making it the ideal solution for powerful connected designs.

2 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi Hardware Raspberry Pi 3 s layout is shown in the following figure. Figure 1.2: Layout of Raspberry Pi 3 Model B The characterisitcs of Raspberry Pi 3 Model B concerning specifications, connectors, key benefits, and key applications are shown as in the following table.

3 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 3 Specifications Processor GPU Memory Operating System Broadcom BCM2837 chipset 1.2 GHz Quad-Core ARM Cortex-A b/g/h Wireless LAN and Bluetooth 4.1 (Bluetooth Classic and LE) Dual Core VideoCore IVr Multimedia Co-Processor, Provides Open GL ES 2.0, hardware-accelerated OpenVG and 1080p30 H.264 high-profile decode Capable of 1 Gpixel/s, 1.5 Gtexel/s or 24GFLOPs with texure filtering and DMA infrastructure 1 GB LPDDR2 Boots from Micro SD card, running aversionofthelinuxoperatingsystem or Windows 10 IoT 85 x 56 x 17 mm Dimensions Power Micro USB socket 5V1, 2.5A Connectors Ethernet 10/100 BaseT Ethernet socket Video Output HDMI (rev 1.3 & 1.4) Composite RCA (PAL and NTSC) Audio Output Audio Output 3.5 mm jack, HDMI USB 4 x USB 2.0 Connector GPIO Connector Camera Connector Display Connector Memory Card Slot Key Benefits 40-pin 2.54 mm(100 mil) expansion header: 2x20 strip Providing 27 GPIO pins as well as +3.3V, +5V and GND supply lines 15-pin MIPI Camera Serial Interface (CSI-2) Display Serial Interface (DSI) 15 way flat flex cable connector with two data lanes and a clock lane Push/Pull MicroSDIO Low cost 10x faster processing Consistent board format Added connectivity

4 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 4 Key Applications Low cost PC/tablet/laptop Media center Industrial/Home automation Print server Web camera Wireless access point Environmental sensing/monitoring IoT applications Robotics Server/cloud server Security monitoring Gaming 1.2 Hardware Assembly The Raspberry Pi 3 toolkit comes with various devices. Please check the following items inside the toolkit box. Figure 1.3: Layout of Raspberry Pi 3 Model B

5 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 5 No. Descriptions Qty. Yes/No 1 Raspberry Pi 3 Model B 1GB 1 2 Adapter Power Supply 5.1VDC 2.5A (USB Micro-B) 1 3 HDMI Cable 1 4 Breadboard 830 points 1 5 Raspberry Pi GPIO Extension Board for Rasp Pi B+/2 1 6 GPIO Ribbon Cable 40 pins for Raspberry Pi Model B+/2 1 7 Heat sink for Raspberry Pi 1 8 Scandisk MicroSD Ultra 16GB 1 9 Raspberry Pi Acrylic case (Model RPi3) x20 Extra Tall Stacking Header 1 11 Female to Female cable 40 pins 1 12 Male to Male cable 40 pins 1 13 VGA to HDMI adapter 1 Instructor s signature Heat Sink Assembly There are two sizes of heat sink which come with the toolkit. The larger one is used for the CPU whereas the other is used for the chipset for USB 2.0 hub and 10/100 ethernet controller. Follow the instruction in order to install the heat sink. 1. Get the larger heat sink 2. Peel of the paper to expose the glue underneath 3. Attach the heat sink on the CPU (position A) 4. Get the smaller heat sink 5. Peel of the paper to expose the glue underneath 6. Attach the heat sink on the USB 2.0 hub and 10/100 ethernet controller (position B) Instructor s signature

6 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 6 Figure 1.4: Raspberry Pi 3 with heat sinks Raspberry Pi 3 Case Assembly Raspberry Pi 3 toolkit comes with a case. The case consists of five pieces (see the following figure) 1. Assemble the Raspberry Pi 3 case as shown in the Figure Use screws to tighten them with the Raspberry Pi 3 board. 3. Install the 2x20 tall stacking header. The board should look like Figure 1.7 when finish Instructor s signature 1.3 Software Installation efore you can start installing Raspbian, the OS for Raspberry Pi, you will have to get the installer setup on a microsd card. Follow the steps below to prepare your microsd Card by formatting it, and then installing the NOOBS software. Regardless of which operating system you are using, begin with inserting the

7 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 7 Figure 1.5: Raspberry Pi 3 case Figure 1.6: A Raspberry Pi 3 with case microsd card to your computer. After that, you will have to begin by formatting the card. Follow along with the section below that matches your OS.

8 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 8 Figure 1.7: Raspberry Pi 3 case with 2x20 tall stack header Format the MicroSD Card Windows: Figure 1.8: SDCard formatting (Windows) 1. Download SDFormatter for Window from this link: Unzip it, and run Setup.exe. Follow along with the installshield Wizard to install SDFormatter

9 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 9 2. Open SDFormatter 3. Click Option and set FORMAT SIZE ADJUSTMENT to ON 4. Select your card from the Drive dropdown menu (if it wasn t selected automatically). CHECK and DOUBLE-CHECK that the drive letter is correct 5. Click Format,then click OK a couple times. You should get a Drive Format complete! pop up shortly. Mac OS X: 1. Download SDFormatter for Mac from the this link: 2. Open SDFormatter (it should be in your application folder) 3. Select Overwrite Format as the format option Figure 1.9: SDCard formatting (Mac OS X) 4. Select your card from the top dropdown menu (if it wasn t selected automatically). Make sure it s correct! 5. Click Format, and watch the progress bar slowly crawl across the bottom of the window. A Card Format complete! message should appear once successful.

10 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi NOOBS Installation Windows: 1. Download Raspberry Pi s New Out of Box Software (NOOBS) from the this link: 2. Extract the ZIP folder and place the contents at the top level of your SD card. 3. Once unzipped, the directory structure should look similar to the Figure 1.10 Figure 1.10: Unzipped NOOBS file for Windows 4. Remove the microsd Card from the card reader. Mac OS X: 1. Download Raspberry Pi s New Out of Box Software (NOOBS) from the this link: 2. Extract the zip file, to a folder, by double-click the downloaded zip file 3. Locate the contents of the extracted NOOBS folder and copy all of the files of the NOOBS folder to the root SD card. The directory structure should look similar to the Figure 1.11 Remark: DO NOT copy the NOOBS folder itselft. Instead, copy the contents of the NOOBS folder to the root of the SD card.

11 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 11 Figure 1.11: Unzipped NOOBS file for Mac OS X 4. Once everything is complete eject the microsd card from your computer. Instructor s signature

12 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi Preparing the Raspberry Pi 1. Connect HDMI to VGA adapter from the Raspberry Pi to a monitor. 2. Connect mouse and keyboard to USB ports. Figure 1.12: Connect HDMI to VGA adapter, mouse and keyboard to the Raspberry Pi 3. Insert microsd card into the Raspberry Pi Figure 1.13: Insert microsd card to the Raspberry Pi 4. Connect the power cable to the Raspberry Pi

13 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 13 Figure 1.14: Powercableconnection Installing an Operating System on the Raspberry Pi 1. Check that a newly created microsd card into the Raspberry Pi and the power cable is connected 2. NOOBS will run automatically, first resizing the FAT partition and formatting the stteing partition, then launching into a graphical user interface 3. Choose to install Raspbian by clicking to place an X in the adjacent box. Then click Install 4. You will be advised and prompted when the operating system has finished installing. Click OK and the Raspberry Pi will reboot into the Raspberry Pi Software Configuration Tool (raspi-config) 5. Leave the configuration as its default 6. If you do not change the user passward, the login for your Pi will default to the username pi with the password raspberry 7. The graphical user interface will be launched. Raspbian can be started from the command line, type startx Instructor s signature

14 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 14 Figure 1.15: InstallRaspbianOperatingSystem Figure 1.16: GraphicalUserInterfaceofRaspbian

15 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi Setting up Wi-Fi via Graphical Interface 1. In the Desktop environment locate the network icon in the top right hand side and click on the icon to see the list of available Wi-Fi networks to connect (see Figure 1.17) Figure 1.17: ListofavailableWi-Finetworks 2. Select your Wi-Fi SSID in the drop down list (see Figure 1.18) Figure 1.18: ListofavailableWi-Finetworks

16 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi You will be prompted to enter the selected WI-Fi password into the text box, so go ahead and do so (see Figure 1.19) Figure 1.19: ListofavailableWi-Finetworks 4. Finally, click OK and you should be connected to Wi-Fi. The signal strength should be displayed on the upper task bar on the right (see Figure 1.20) Figure 1.20: ListofavailableWi-Finetworks 5. It is preferable to update the cache of apt-get repository. In order to do so, start the terminal and type in sudo apt-get update in the terminal

17 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 17 Assignments Several commands can be used for diagnostic tests in order to obtain basic information from the Raspberry Pi. The following table shows the list of these commands. No. Commands Descriptions 1 cat /proc/cpuinfo CPU information 2 cat /proc/version OS version information 3 cat /proc/meminfo Memory information 4 cat /proc/partitions microsd Card partition 5 vcgencmd measure_temp Checking the temperature 6 vcgencmd measure_volts core Checking for the core voltage 7 vcgencmd measure_volts sdram_c Checking for the SD-RAM core voltage 8 vcgencmd measure_volts sdram_i Checking for the SD-RAM I/O voltage 9 vcgencmd measure_volts sdram_p Checking for the SD-RAM PHY voltage Answer the following questions How many core(s) does your Raspberry Pi has? What is the model of the CPU of the Raspberry Pi? Give the version of the operating system.

18 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 18 Give the temperature of the device. Give the voltage of SD-RAM I/O. Instructor s signature

19 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi VIM Installation 1. Start the terminal 2. Run the following command to install Vim via the package manager sudo apt-get install vim Further information for Vim can be found at this website: Some Useful Terminal Commands The following table shows some useful terminal commands. No. Descriptions Commands 1 Move file mv <source_file> <destination_file> Ex.: mv source.c destination.c mv can also be used for renaming 2 Copy file cp <source_file> <destination_file> Ex.: cp source.c destination.c 3 Change directory cd <destination> Ex.: cd /User/Admin/Document / means start from root directory./ means start from current directory../ means start from parent directory 4 List file/directory ls <parameter> Ex.: ls -a list all files and directory including hidden files/directory Ex.: ls -l list all files and directories in long format(including permission Ex.: ls -la list all files and directories with long format(including permission) including hidden files/directories 5 Create an empty File touch <file_name> Ex.: touch test.txt creat an empty file name text.txt 6 Current directory pwd Ex.: pwd Find out which directory are you in 7 Create new directory mkdir <directory_name> Ex.: mkdir /home/lab Creat a new directory Lab under the path /home 8 Interface configuration: Show config- ifconfig <parameter> uration of all interfaces. In addition, specific interface can be specified Ex.: ifconfig wlan0! show all configuration of wlan0

20 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 20 Assignments Create a new directory under /home/pi user as AssemblyLabs Create a new directory under /AssemblyLabs as Lab1 Create a new empty file name TestLab1.txt List to see the file(s) in the current directory Change directory back to the root Instructor s signature

21 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi First Assembly Program 1. Create a new directory under the pi user, i.e. /home/pi/assemblylabs/lab1 2. Naavigate to such directory such that when you type in pwd command you should be on the directory /home/pi/assemblylabs/lab1 3. Create a new assembly file using vim; type in vim Lab1.s 4. In order to edit in Vim you need to change into Insert mode. This can be done by pressing key I. 5. Add the following code in exactly manner including spacing..text.global _start _start: MOV R0, #65 MOV R7, #1 SWI 0 6. Press Esc key to change into Command mode in Vim. 7. Type in :wq to save and quit program 8. In the terminal, compile the program by typing as -o Lab1.o Lab1.s 9. Make an executable file by typing ld -o Lab1 Lab1.o 10. Run the program and see the result by typing./lab1 ; echo $?

22 1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 22 Assignment Record the result of the previous program Change to code such that the result of the program shows 100 Instructor s signature