IBM PC By Li Qiwei, Li Song, Wang Lu

Transcription

1 IBM PC 5150 By Li Qiwei, Li Song, Wang Lu

2 The father of IBM PC Don.Estridge

3 The IBM PC line Model name Model # Introduced CPU Features PC 5150 August Floppy disk or cassette system XT 5160 March First IBM PC to come with an internal hard drive as standard. Portable 5155 February Floppy-based portable AT 5170 August Faster Processor, Faster System Bus (6Mhz, later 8Mhz, vs 4.77Mhz ), Jumperless Configuration, Real Time Clock 3270 AT 5281 June With 3270 terminal emulation Convertible 5140 April Microfloppy laptop portable

4 IBM 5150 PC

5 System Unit Size: -Width -20", Depth -16", Height -5.5" Weight: Electrical: Cycle Time: Memory: Standard: - Without diskette drive - 21 lbs. - With one -25 lbs. - With two drives -28 lbs v. AC - Main storage nanoseconds - Access -250 nanoseconds - 40K built-in read only memory (ROM) - 16K to 256K user memory - Keyboard for data and text entry - Cassette player jack for cassette attachment - Five expansion slots for additional memory anddisplay, printer, communications and game adaptors - Built-in speaker for musical programming - Power-on automatic self-test of system components - BASIC language interpreter, 16K memory

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7 Keyboard Size: -Width -20", Depth -8", Height -2" Weight: Keys: -6 lbs. -83 full-function for data and text entry: includes 10 for numeric entry and cursor control and 10 special function for scrolling, editing, etc. -Easy access to 256 characters (ASCII and Special) Keyboard: -Adjustable typing angle -Detached from system unit and connected by six-foot cable for flexibility -All keys automatically repeat

8 Diskette drive Diskette drive Number of diskettes: Storage capacity: -Up to two 5¼" diskette drives -160 kilobytes per diskette

9 The Intel 8088 microprocessor was a variant of the Intel 8086 and was introduced on July 1, It had an 8-bit external data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the The 16-bit registers and the one megabyte address range were unchanged, however. from wikipedia

10 Because the 8088 chip is mature and economical, and IBM already had a history of using Intel chips in its products and had also acquired the rights to manufacture the 8086 family. IBM chose it as the first real sense of PC CPU.

11 The 8088 and a 5 yuan coin

12 View a second image of the Intel 8088 Microprocessor

13 Produced Common Manufacture CPU clock rate Max. CPU clock rate Address Bus Main Memory From 1979 to 1990s Intel, AMD, NEC, Fujitsu Harris(Intersil), OKI, Siemens, AG Texas Instruments, Mitsubishi 4.77 MHZ 5 MHz to 10 MHz 20 bit 1 M Instruction set x86-16 Package(s) 40-pin DIP, 44-pin PLCC

14 8088 CPU internal use two independent function components, BIU(Bus Interface Unit) and EU(Execution Unit) respectively. BIU EU

15 The flags of 8088

16 The architecture of 8088

17 8088 had the same instruction set as 8086, and there are some important instructions of them.

18 Performance Depending on the clock frequency, the number of memory wait states, as well as on the characteristics of the particular application program, the average performance for the Intel 8088 ranged from approximately million instructions per second. Meanwhile, the mov reg, reg and ALU reg, reg instructions taking two and three cycles respectively yielded an absolute peak performance of between 1/3 and 1/2 MIPS per MHz, that is, somewhere in the range 3 5 MIPS at 10 MHz.

19 The descendants of the 8088 include the 80188, 80186, 80286, 80386, and later software compatible processors, which are in use today. See below for a more complete list.

20 STORAGE MEDIA OF IBM PC

21 Cassette tape SAM(Sequential Access Memory) German-made cassettes sold for computer data recording, circa 1980

22 Drum memory

23 Floppy diskettes 8-inch, 5¼-inch, and 3½-inch floppy disks

24 Floppy diskettes in IBM PC one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives single-sided double-density drives (SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a. DSDD)

25 Floppy diskettes magnetic storage DAM(Direct Access Memory) floppy disk drive 3.5-inch (89 mm), 5.25-inch (133 mm) and 8-inch (200 mm) The disks were dubbed "floppy" because the diskette packaging was a very flexible plastic envelope

26 DAM(direct access memory/storage) A floppy disk, like a cassette tape, is made from a thin piece of plastic coated with a magnetic material on both sides. However, it is shaped like a disk rather than a long thin ribbon. The tracks are arranged in concentric ringsso that the software can jump from "file 1" to "file 19" without having to fast forward through files The diskette spins like a record and the heads move to the correct track, providing what is known as direct access storage.

27 Capacity of the floppy disk Tracks(brown) Sectors(yellow)

28 Capacity of the floppy disk As to floppy disks in IBM PC: 512 The bytes capacity per sector of IBM PC is 160kB or 320kB 8 or 9 sectors or per 180kB trackor 360kB 40 tracks per side single-side or double-side

29 Floppy diskettes in IBM PC one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives single-sided double-density drives (SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a. DSDD)

30 Single density and double density single density and double density indicated a difference in logical encoding FM(frequency modulation) MFM(Modified Frequency Modulation)

31 Thank You!