Office Task Lighting and Plug Loads Controls

Transcription

1 1 Office Task Lighting and Plug Loads Controls California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program Heschong Mahone Group, Inc. February 24, /27/2010

2 Summary of Code Change Proposals 2 Mandatory requirements: Automatic shut-off control of electric circuits serving office task lighting and certain other plug loads Same as general lighting shut-off controls Same control technologies Time Switch /Occupancy Sensor / others Dual receptacles: controlled ones will be marked differently

3 Energy Savings Analysis 3 Which plug loads can be controlled Controllable plug loads When can they be switched off Control schedule control technology Three levels of overall building controls How much loads (W) can be switched off Task lighting/plug load quantity and operation LBNL and ECOS research: comprehensive plug load data

4 Energy Savings Controllable Plug Loads 4 Category Controllable Noncontrollable Timer Control Occupancy Sensor Control Private Office Conference Room Task Lighting Desk attachment lamp Table lamp Computer & Monitor CRT LCD Desktop computer Laptop Computer Thin Client Imaging Laser MFD Inkjet MFD Laser Printer Inkjet Printer Wide Format Printer Document scanner Fax machines Audio/Video Computer speakers Portable CD player Portable Stereo Table Radio

5 Energy Savings Controllable Plug Loads 5 Category Controllable Noncontrollable Audio/Video Others Kitchen Appliance Television, LCD DVD player Video Projector CD Player Speakers Subwoofer Adding machine Shredder Stapler Electric typewriter Portable fan, Portable space heater Coffee Grinder Coffee Maker Toaster oven Microwave oven Water Dispenser Vending Machine Hot Beverage Dispenser Telephone Battery chargers Refrigerator Timer Control Occupancy Sensor Control Private Office Conference Room

6 Energy Savings Schedules and Levels Control Schedules Control Type Control Period % of Time 6 Timer controls Non-business 66% OC sensor control Non-business + Away-from-desk 79% Non-business + Out-of-office 70% OC sensor in conference room Non-business + Empty room 86% Three levels of building controls Level Timer Control Occupancy Sensor Level 1 All spaces NA Level 2 Level 3 copy rooms / kitchen open-space cubicles Copy rooms / kitchen Private offices / conference rooms Private offices / conference rooms open-space cubicles

7 Energy Savings Amount of Load Plug load densities depend on building sizes Plug load power states Active / Idle / Sleep / Standby / Disconnected Plug load operation status (% in power state) 7 Task Lights Monitors Others in Workstation Imaging Conf-room Appliance Non- Business Hours Away- From- Desk Out- Of- Office Non- Business Hours Away- From- Desk Out-Of- Office Non- Business Hours Away- From- Desk Out- Of- Office Non- Business Hours Non- Busines s Hours Empty Conferenc e Room Active 5% 41% 5% 10% 55% 10% 0% 19% 0% 0% 0% 3% Idle 0% 0% 0% 15% 15% 15% 26% 40% 26% 15% 23% 22% Sleep 0% 0% 0% 0% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 9% Standby 4% 17% 4% 35% 15% 35% 62% 62% 62% 65% 56% 64% Disconn ect 92% 44% 92% 40% 0% 40% 12% 2% 12% 20% 21% 5%

8 Energy Savings Small Prototype 8 Task Lights Monitors Workstation Audio/ Video Workstation Others Imaging Conference appliance Kitchen appliance Density (units/1000 sf) Non-Business Hours (W/1000 sf) Away-From-Desk Hours (W/workstation) Out-Of-Office (W/Workstation) Conference Hours (W/conference room) Small Office Building Characteristics # Story 2 Area (sf) 10,000 #Occupants 33 # Private offices 18 # Cubicles 13

9 Energy Savings Large Prototype 9 Task Lights Monitors Workstation Audio/ Video Workstation Others Imaging Conference appliance Kitchen appliance Density (units/1000 sf) Non-Business Hours (W/1000 sf) Away-From-Desk Hours (W/workstation) Out-Of-Office (W/Workstation) Conference Hours (W/conference room) Large Office Building Characteristics # Story 10 Area (sf) 175,000 # Occupants 730 # Private offices 190 # Cubicles 540

10 Energy Savings - Summary Annual Unit Energy Savings (kwh/sf) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Small Office Large Office PV of Life Cycle Benefits (TDV method) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Small Office Average $8,086 $9,248 $10, Minimum $7,087 $8,579 $9,740 Maximum $8,657 $9,721 $10,589 Large Office Average $188,435 $202,032 $238,423 Minimum $165,196 $182,622 $227,909 Maximum $201,735 $214,193 $247,558

11 Costs Control Equipment 11 Automatic time control control panels Lighting control panels Controllable breaker panels Occupancy sensors High-voltage wall switches Occupancy sensor linked to a relay controller

12 Costs System Incremental Costs 12 Base case: 2008 T24 general lighting controls Control panel four baseline designs Occupancy sensor control for private offices & conference rooms Proposed designs Control panel - adding channels/upgrade Occupancy sensor controls Two types Other costs Dual circuit wiring Labor costs for control installation & configuration

13 Costs Central Control Configurations 13 BASELINE A DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL Option A-1 DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL BASELINE B Option B-1 DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL Option B-2

14 Costs Central Control Configurations 14 DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL BASELINE C Option C-1 DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL Option C-2 BASELINE D DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL Option D-1

15 15 Costs Occupancy Sensors Configurations OCCUPANC SENSOR CONTROL BASELINE OCCUPANC SENSOR CONTROL

16 Costs Detailed Cost Assumptions 16 General cost assumptions $86.11/hr labor, no additional maintenance costs Control panel system cost Low / high estimate of number of controlled circuits Incremental equipment cost Additional wiring: 1.27 hr labor/100 ft wire installed (RS Means) 2 hr labor/panel for additional relay installation and programming Occupancy sensor system cost Number of occupancy sensors (dependent on bldg prototype) Wall switch type: 0.35 hr labor/occupancy sensor (RS Means) Relay box type: 0.7 hr labor/occupancy sensor and controller

17 Costs - Summary 17 Design Options Small Office Large Office Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Wall Switch Relay box Wall Switch Relay box Wall Switch Relay box Wall Switch Relay box A-1 B-1 B-2 C-1 C-2 D-1 Low $2,164 $1,984 $4,461 $2,549 $7,353 $25,955 $27,404 $53,415 $48,373 $171,044 High $2,380 $2,369 $4,846 $2,741 $7,545 $37,838 $34,554 $60,565 $50,160 $172,831 Low $5,496 $6,179 $8,656 $6,478 $11,282 $49,952 $59,557 $85,568 $84,165 $206,836 High $5,474 $6,523 $9,000 $6,723 $11,527 $58,699 $62,632 $88,643 $88,246 $210,917 Low $2,508 $2,328 $4,806 $2,721 $7,525 $29,399 $30,849 $56,860 $50,095 $172,766 High $2,725 $2,713 $5,190 $2,913 $7,717 $41,282 $37,998 $64,009 $51,882 $174,553 Low $1,798 $2,481 $4,959 $3,026 $7,830 $19,581 $29,336 $55,347 $56,382 $179,053 High $1,676 $2,774 $5,251 $3,318 $8,123 $27,321 $34,205 $60,216 $62,257 $184,928 Low $5,152 $5,834 $8,312 $6,306 $11,110 $46,508 $56,113 $82,124 $82,443 $205,114 High $5,129 $6,178 $8,655 $6,550 $11,355 $55,254 $61,688 $87,699 $89,024 $211,695 Low $1,164 $1,547 $4,024 $2,092 $6,896 $7,831 $15,173 $41,184 $43,226 $165,897 High $947 $2,045 $4,523 $2,590 $7,394 $8,334 $16,480 $42,491 $45,538 $168,209

18 Cost Effectiveness Results - BCR All three levels are cost effective 18 Design Options A-1 B-1 B-2 C-1 C-2 D-1 Small Office Large Office Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Wall Switch Relay box Wall Switch Relay box Wall Switch Relay box Wall Switch Low High Low High Low High Low High Low High Low High Relay box

19 Specifics of Code Change Proposals 19 Add section 131 (h) (h) Task lighting. In office buildings, at least 50% of the receptacles serving task lighting and other plug loads shall be equipped with automatic controls following the shut-off control requirements in section 131(d). Controlled receptacles shall be marked to differentiate them from uncontrolled receptacles.

20 20 Office Task Lighting? QUESTIONS & COMMENTS